Book Title: Indian Antiquary Vol 61
Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Charles E A W Oldham, S Krishnaswami Aiyangar, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarka
Publisher: Swati Publications
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$ 1681
ON THE MODERN INDO-ARYAN VERNACULARS
[ OCTOBER, 1932
vámśaḥ, family, or
bamboo
vámsu
H. bans or vans (often written vams),
a family, and so in all; H. bãs, a bamboo, and so in all; s. bas", A.
bãh.
pigi
tion
The same rule is followed in M., even in the case of Tatsamas. Thus sumpradáya is also written sāpradáy.
On the other hand words which are derived from Skr. words containing m followed by h or a sibilant, are frequently written by purists in their Skr. form, though they are pronounced as above. Thus they write simh, vame, but say singh, bans.
(2) Vowels are also lengthened under the influence of stress-accent, mostly in isolated instances. Thus :mádanah, the God of
STS.M. mádan. Love rathah, a carriage
sTs.M. rath, H.B. ránth. v sah-, endure
Vsah
M.(inf) sáhne, but H. sáhana. káthinah, hard
M.STs. kàthin. pibati, he drinks
EIAV. piyai, he drinks, but M. pi-, - ini, fem. termina- iņi
M. hattin, a she-elephant, bahin, a sister, and so on; so B. bahin, a
sister ; but H. háthini, báhin. dhvanih, a sound
dhúņi (Pischel M.G.H. dhün; but S. dhune.
on Ho. i, 52). kúlam, a family
kúlu
M. kúl, but others kúl. púram, a town
púru
Pronounced pár in all IAVs. though
written pur, cf. Urdū g. écotati, he drips
củai
H. cúai. part kşā, a test
M. párakh, 8. párakh, G. also párakh,
but H.P.L. and ELAV. párakh. See the remarks on this point in & 141.
This lengthening is especially common in M. (see $ 145), in which it is a general rule that i and u are always lengthened when originally penultimate, but now, owing to the dropping of a final a, ultimate in prose. Thus mārit(a), striking ; läkūd(a), wood (LSI, VII, 22). According to Bloch (FLM. & 41) the vowel of every monosyllable in the language is pronounced long, even when written short. As an example of the latter, he gives kac, difficulty, pr. kõc.
(3) Vowels are sometimes lengthened in compensation for the loss of a vowel in a neighbouring syllable. Hithità lab, loose
sidhildu.
H. dhila, M.B.Bg.O. dhil, but S. dhilo, dhiro. In P.L. dhiliā, the compensatory lengthening is obtained by doubling tie l, instead of by
lengthening the vowel, This is very common in the IAV. terminations i and u. E.g. - táilikah, oil man
télliu
IAV. téli. bhaginipátikah,
bahiniviu
B. bàhinói. sister's husband ghofikā, mare
ghódia
IAV. ghódi or ghori. láddu kaḥ, sweetmeat láddùu
IAV. laddit, ládu.
parikkha
