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364
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[DECEMBER, 1875.
he was deprived of it by his minister Pushya- Persia, who, having quarrelled with Dharmamitra,* who usurped it. We see that it was chandra (the cause of the quarrel was at this time that the first inroad of strangers the same as that of Kanishka with the called Tirthikas, or heretics, into India took Kanyaku bjarking), yielded up the kingclom place. After commencing war against Push ya of Magadha and denuolished the temples : the mitra, they burned, it is said, a number of priests fled. Dharmachandra died, and temples, beginning from Jalandhara (on the his nephew Kana kachandra, who succeedconfines of Kasmir) and on as far as Maga. ed him, found himself dependent on Turushka. dha; they killed : number of Bhikshus, but At this time Buddhapaksha, Dharmaa great many of them fled to other countries, chandra's consin-german, reigned at Brna. and Push ya mitra himself died in the north, ras, and having entered into relations with the five years after. Taranatha tells us that some Emperor of China, he attracted to his side the years previons to this the Mechha doctrine had kings of the west and of Central India, and after appeared. Under this name, as translated into having quarrelled with Hunimanta he slew Thibetan, we now understand Muhammadanism; him, and re-established the religion of Buddha, but naturally it has become the particular de which had declined, so to speak, for the second signation of the religion of the North-West, as time. Under this king there was something liko being that of the nations who broke into India. a third lapse of Buddhism, caused by the burring The accounts of the origin of this religion are of the temple of Nalanda, but that had reremarkable in this, that the Buddhists attributo lation in particular to the Maha yana, because it to a Bhikshu who, driven from the brotherhood, it was there that that doctrino flourished, and went into the kingdom of Sulik, situated be- by the barning of the temple it lost, as it were, yond Togara, took the name of ? Athara, the greater number of its books. In the work of and who himself hid his writing. At the sain the restoration of the religion it is noticed that time a maiden gave birth to a hoy, who, when the Brahmaņs San ku and Kila ka took part he was grown up, began to persccuto every one, with those who helped the king. Aftor that, king saying that he belonged to no caste. He procured Karmachandra appeared, whilst Gam. the writing hidden by Mathare, and after bhirapaksha established his capital at wards met the latter himself, and upon arriving Panchåla, and reigned there forty years. At at the confines of Makka (Mecca) he began this time the son of Turushka-Turuslik a to preach his doctrino, and took the name of Mahasa ṁ mata-who reigned almost a hunPaik hamba and Ardo Arlesir). + After dred years, was king of Kaśmir. He conquered Salachandra reigned Chandragupta, a Kasmir (P), Tukharestan, and Gajana. king who acquired extraordinary power. He was (Gazna), as well as other territories, and was a succeeded by his son Bindusara, who at first worshipper of the three precious things. After the ruled over the kingdom of Gauda only; but death of Karmachandra his son VrikshaChâņaka, one of his great lords, procured the chandra ascended the throne, but his power destruction of the nobles and kings of sixteen diminished, and J & lô ruha, king of O divisa towns, and as king he made himself master of all (Orissa), ruled over a great part of the east (chap. the territory between the eastern and western xxii.). It was now that Vagubandhu and seas (chap. xviii.). This king reigned thirty five Arya sanga appeared, nine hundred years years, and was succeeded by his heir, prince having elapsed since the death of Buddha. King Srichandra, who again was followed by his Gambhirapaksha was the protector of son D harmachandra, who was king only Arya sa iga, and he assembled the priests, in the east (from what appears, of Bengal), and among whom was this teacher, in the Ushmawith whom the lord Vasu bandhu lived. In pur a temple which was in the town of SAthe time of Dharmachandra (chap. xix.) gara, in the Ya van a kingdom, not far from king Turushka was in Kasmir, and at the west (chap. xxii.). Multan and Lahor, Hunimanta, king of After the death of king Gambhir apak
* Conf. Ind. Ant. vol. I. pp. 300, 350; vol. II. pp. 57, 59, took place about five hundred years after the death of 09, 206, 362. ED.
Buddha.
I See Lassen, Ind. Alt. II. 819, 2nd ed; Reinaud, Frag. + Taranatha explains that the first decay of Buddhism ments Arabes et Persans, p. 149,
