Book Title: ISJS Jainism Study Notes E5 Vol 02
Author(s): International School for Jain Studies
Publisher: International School for Jain Studies
View full book text
________________
INTERNATIO
SCHOOL
OF
CKI
STUDY NOTES version 5.0
SELF STUDY IS THE SUPREME AUSTERITY
Farenga
4.7 Sankramana or Interchange of Nature*
Sankramana means interchange of one activity or type of entity with another. Thus the special efforts by which the secondary species (uttara-prakṛtis) of a chief species (múla prakṛti) of karmas are interchanged (within the same chief species), and this is called sankramana. However Ayüşya, Darśanamohaniya and Caritramohaniya mula-praktis do not allow sarikramana of their secondary species.
4.8 Upasama or Subsidence*
To suppress activation of the most potent karma of the eight types of karmas i.e. Mohaniya or deluding, and making it ineffective from its activation is called Upasama or subsidence. During Upasama of karma, pradeśodaya and vipakodaya do not exist i.e. they are made redundant by special spiritual purification exercises by the empirical soul. Subsidence exists for some time only as the suppressed karma becomes active again or can be dissociated by the empirical soul using special spiritual purification activities. Mohaniya karma cannot be activated, premature fructified, immunized against certain or all activities during subsidence.
4.9 Nidhatti or immunization of karmas against certain external activities.*
To make the existing karmas immune to udvartana and apvartana is called Nidhatti. Nidhatti makes the bondage of karmas with the empirical soul stronger so that the results of this bondage are enjoyed by the soul for longer duration or at a later stage and as per the bondage only.
4.10 Nikācană or Immunization of Karmas against all external Activities.
To make the existing karmas immune to all activities of the soul is called Nikācana. This implies that the state of Nikācanā of the karmas is extremely strong where the soul becomes sort of ineffective and just enjoys the effects of the bonded karmas. To some extent it can be said to be a state of niyati or determinism.
Page 153 of 385
