Book Title: ISJS Jainism Study Notes E5 Vol 02
Author(s): International School for Jain Studies
Publisher: International School for Jain Studies
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There are ten states of karmas, which are identified as:
1. Bandha or bondage, 2. Sattā or existence, 3. Udaya or activation / realization, 4. Udīrana or premature fruition, 5. Udvartana or increasing the duration and/or intensity of the karma, 6. Apavartana or reducing the duration of existence and activity, 7. Sarikramana or interchange of nature 8. Upaśama or subsidence, 9. Nidhatti or immunization of karmas against certain external activities and 10. Nikācana or immunization of karmas against all external activities.
Let us briefly understand these states of karma and their effects and corresponding efforts needed.
4.1 Bandha or Bondage * State of soul and karmas being united is called bandha. In Bhagavati, example of boat with holes and water creeping inside the boat, filling the boat, and making boat and water as one union is given by Mahāvīra to Gautama to explain bandha of karmas with the empirical soul. Jain philosophy uses the term bandha more in terms of the act of bondage. From the viewpoint of means of activity, the cause or method of bondage is bandha. Similarly the entity, which gets bonded, is bandha. All these meanings are interchangeably used to explain bandha as a system.
4.2 Sattā or Existence In Jain philosophy, reality, existence, generality, entity, and object are all called existence. Like storage of cereals after harvesting, storage of the karmas with the empirical soul and the existence of the store of karmas prior to their activation are called sattā of karmas. As per Kaşāya-prābhrta, kārmana-vargāņās (matter particles) after their conversion to karmas till they become active to yield results is sattā i.e. the period from the time the karmas get bonded and till they start yielding results is sattā.
STUDY NOTES version 5.0
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