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Gommages vara Commemoration Volume
evident in the Jaina practice of worshiping the deities like Padmavati and Jvālāmālini. This was due to the psychological and sociological necessity. Similarly the current practices and cults prevailing in Hindu society have been assimilated in the Jaina form of worship. For instance Akalaika is said to have invoked the Goddess Kūşmāņdiņi to work a miracle against the Buddhist goddess Tārā, and by her interference won a victory over his rivals.2 Elācārya allayed the devil by means of the Jvālāmālini-stotra.2) Jainas invoke the goddess Padmāvati for the increase of wealth, later on, we are told, "that Yakşi began to be worshipped as the goddess Vasantikā. Every Jaina family in Karnataka has a copy of Ammunavara caritre which is devoutly read every day. Similarly Jainas in the south have notions about demons and ghosts very much similar to the ideas of these prevailing in other Hindu Society. The Jainas in South Canara had the practice of worshipping the Bhūtas. They used to set apart room for them in their houses. Thus the sociological influences of the practices of mantra and tantra are also to be found among the Jainas.
REFERENCES
1. Radhakrishnan (S.): Indian philosophy Vol. I (Allen and Unwin, 1945) M-287, 2. Tattvärthasütra VII-8. 3. Gandhiji Young India : August 11, 1920. 4. Chandog ya Upanişad : iii, 16. 5. Letter from Gandhiji : Modern Review : October, 1916. 6. Polak (H. S. L.) and others : Mahatma Gandhi (Odhams Press Ltd., London, 1949) pp. 112. 7. Zimmer : Philosophies of India pp. 272. 8. Karnataka Kavi Caritre, Introd., I, pxvii. 9. Jivandhara Carite -- Bhaskar Kavi, as mentioned in Karnataka through the Ages, Govt. of
Mysore (1968) pp. 164. 10. Inscriptions in Candragiri, Sravanabelgola. 11. Jacobi, H. : Kalpasūtra- Introduction 12. Karnataka through the ages- pp. 165 13. Aihole inscriptions 634. 14. Karnataka through the Ages- pp. 243. 15. Ibid- pp. 245. 16. Mediaeval Jainism, pp. 288-289. 17. Samyag darśana Jnāna caritrāņi mokşa margh - Tattvārthasütra. 18. Jacobi : Studies in Jainism and Jaina sutras S. BE XXII Introd. 19. Subhacandra, Com Kārtikeyanuprekşa, ch. X; of Bhandarkar, op 20. Of. Epigraphica Carnatika I Introd.. 21 Hiralal, Catalogue of MSS in C. P and Berar, Introd. 22. Of Buchanan's Travels III, pp. 81.
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