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Essence of Jainism
can take to the observance of one of the 49 types following his liking and capability. There is thus no difference between actual and ideal celibacy and still, from the point of view of worldly life, the vast variety of its types is described into full details in the Scriptures.
Sarvabrahmacarya is ninefold celibacy and Deśabrahamacorja is partial celibacy. These are their added details : A Sarvabrahma.cari renounces passionate behaviour by all the pine types as observing, causing to be observed and consenting to the observance of celibacy by mind, words and body. While they renounce the world, Sadhus and Sadhvīs take to complete celibacy of those nine types, while a householder can duly qualify himself for the same. In addition to its nine types complete celibacy has also the limits of substance, sphere, time and spirit applicable to each of the pine. Every such limit is this in due order, Dravyamaryadā is the prohibition of passionate behaviour in its pine types with all living and lifeless figures. Kșetramaryada is the renunciation of the ninesold passionate behavior in the upper, middle and lower worlds. The renunciation in a similar manner during day, night and all time is Kalimaryāda. Total renunciation of passionate behaviour in all the nine types in a spirit of attachment or jealousy, i.e., illusion, covetousness, jealousy or pride is Bhāva. maryādā. Only the householder is qualified to take to partial celibacy. In addition to his family, he holds social responsibility as also that of looking after animals and birds. Marrying and getting others married, pregnancy of animals and birds occur now and then for him. The householder can observe this pinefold celibacy only in very rare cases of the nine types mentioned above. consent by mind, words and body do not exist in his case, i.e., in other six types he can, possibly observe complete celibacy. Six are the methods of resorting to partial celibacy :
(i) Twofold-threefold; (ii) Twofold-twofold; (iii) Twofold-one way; (iv) Oneway-threefold; (v) One way-twofold; (vi) one wayone way. The householder can accept any of these six types of celibacy according to his prowess. Twofold means doing and inspising others to do; threefold means by mind, speech and body, i.e.,
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