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samitis (i.e. proper or careful physical activities). Acārānga says तहप्पगारंसि थंडिलंसि अचित्तंसि तओ
fugal furgunta
संजयामेव उच्चारपासवणं परिट्ठविज्जा ।
=
(Acārānga 2.10, p.259,
edn.)
The Uttaradhyayana gives a list of prohibited places where one should avoid to pass the urine etc. (Uttarādhyayana 22.2; 24.18)
[8] 'Tenfold dharma' is a famous topic given in the code of conduct of a Jaina monk. The ten points given in the Tattvārthasūtra 9.6 are religious and spiritual. The Sthānāṁgasūtra enumerates 'daśavidha dharmas' from the social point of view as well as religious point of view. The Sthānanga quotes
दसविहे धम्मे पण्णत्ते, तं जहा -गामधम्मे, णगरधम्मे, रट्ठधम्मे, पासंडधम्मे, कुलधम्मे, गणधम्मे, संघधम्मे, सुयधम्मे, चरित्तधम्मे, अत्थिकायधम्मे । (Sthānānga 10.135)
The first seven dharmas depict social elements and the last three are connected with the Jaina religion. It is remarkable that Sthānanga relates the term sthavira (thera) for the heads of the village, city, state etc., side by side with the senior monks (Sthānāṁga 10.136). We can interprete the terms like 'kula', 'gana' and 'samgha' more meaningfully in the light of Arthaśāstra.
[9] In the 20th adhyāya, Kautilya states clearly that the womenfolk in the harem should avoid the contact of the shaven-headed or longhaired monks and black-magicians.
———
Niśītha-sūtra might have taken notice of this rule in the following manner :
जे भिक्खू रायपिंडं गेण्हइ गेण्हंतं वा साइज्जइ तं सेवमाणे आवज्जइ चाउम्मासियं परिहारट्ठाणं अणुग्घाइयं ।
(Niśītha, Uddeśa 9, p.181, edn.)
