Chakkammuvaeso

Author(s): Madhusudan Modi
Publisher: Oriental Institute

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The shortening of an and endings of the fem. nouns is too common to be illustrated.
The fem. base of fem. nouns is formed by adding or where > would have served the purpose : eg मुक्की 3.11.7; पसूई 4.10 10.; सुदि 2.7.11.; संपण्णी 2.11.8.
The consonant-ending substantives are made into a-ending or -ending ones mostly by dropping the final consonant or rarely by adding to the final consonant, they are made into -ending ones': e.g. > sk. 1 in forms like राउ, राओ etc.; ससि 4.18.13. < sk. शशिन्; भयवंत 14.13.12. <sk. भगवत् and also भयव 5.6.2. अप्प and अप्पण <sk. आत्मन् 5.6.2.; 3.8.5.; also अप्पाणउ 5.6.13.
Further the normalisation to -ending is made by adding Svartha-taddhitas: sk.अक > ap. अअ eg मूढः < sk. मूढ + क (> अ ) 1.9.5; further examples: तारुण्णउ 2.6.5.; राणउ 2.6.9; विलयंतर 1.10.6; संजायउ 1.11.3; fem. sk. इका > ap. इअ eg: रोवंतिय 2.3.19.; उप्पणिय 2.4.5. ; धण्णिय 2.4.5 or by merely adding का > ap आ or अ. सहिय 2.2.9; सासुय 2.2.10 etc.
Inflexion of substantives
The process of levelisation and disintegration of terminations is very fast.. The nom. and the acc. cases have merged to be one direct case. The dat. and gen. cases have become one in the pk. stage. In ap. stage, the abl. case has been one with the gen. case. The inst. case and the loc. case have almost become one. That is why in ap. we find loc. absolute represented by instrumental case in rare instances. The postpositions subjoined with the genetive case of the substantives have come into vogue to represent case-notions.
Case-forms
A. Stems in - ending (mas. and neu.):
(i) Nom. and acc, sg. terminations: 3,, : [mas. ] g 1.3.4.; 1.3.5. ; जो 1.3.8. कोहो 1.12.5 उ, अ, अं [neu] रन 3.9.4. दुक्खु 1.5.6. सिंगार 1.12.3. The neu. termination is according to grammarians; but it is written 3 or due to the indifference about the nasal dot according to the tendency of the Mss. For example our Ms. B. has while A. has almost throughout.
The pk. forms are used in certain as org.
(ii) Nom. and acc. pl. terminations: [mas. ] and : 1.11.5.; 3.1.5. ; रायकुमार 5.8.13.
[ Neu] terminations of nom. and acc. pl. a, .
कव्वइ 1.7.8; घणाइ 1.7.8.; कियह 1.7.8. ; देवई 1.10.6. ; आउद्दार 1.10.5. The nasal dot is dropped by some Ms. e.g. A. entirely while it is retained by some Ms. e.g. B. The indifference as to its retention is due to the fact that it was dialectally hardly pronounced.