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Anekanta : Philosophy of co-existence
Naya is a point of view, a vision, and a way of thinking. However according to Siddhasen Diwakar – there are as many naya as there are ways of speaking: Javeya vayanapaha, taveya chev hunti nayavaya. This extensive approach makes the areas of contemplation very difficult. It becomes problematic for the listener or the learner to come to any tangible conclusion. In order to ease up this problem the Jain Acharyas have described two separate areas for the thought 1. Dravyarthik naya (the substantial point of view) - that
means describing a thing with respect to its ultimate
substance i.e. its persistence or permanence. 2. Paryarthik naya (the modal point of view) – that
means describing a thing with respect to its modification i.e. its origination-cessation or
impermanence. These two views have been delineated for the convenience of contemplation and veritable ruling. In fact the thoughts cannot be made veritable by dividing them in persistent and origination-cessation or permanent and impermanent. For exposition of persistence the substantial viewpoint was adopted and for exposition of change the modal point of view was adopted. Both point of views are relative. Nowhere is persistence completely independent of change and vice versa. Yet, in order to get a holistic understanding of existence this arrangement was deemed fit. The substantial point of view analyses persistence or oneness, but does not completely rule
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