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JAIN HISTORY LITERATURE and SECTS
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9
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Desävakäsika
Uttaradhyayan
Kalpa-Vyavahär
Kalpakalpik
Mahäkalpik
Pundarik
Mahä-Pundarik
14 Nisithik
E02 Jain Scriptures and Literature
Ways to offer Ähär or Gochari to Monks.
Ways to deal with calamities, and to tolerate 24 Parishahas by Monks.
Ways for repentance by Monks on inappropriate conduct.
Appropriate and inappropriateness in reference to subject, area, time and thoughts (Bhäva), in the conduct of Monks
Activity of Monks in relation to time and powers of body (Samvahanan) of a Monk
Reasons for achieving four types of celestial realm.
Reasons for becoming Indra or Prati-Indra, with special reference to penance etc.
Ägam that contains various types of repentances.
Commentaries on the Agams:
The commentaries on the Ägams have been written in Präkrit and Sanskrit. Those written in Präkrit are known as Niryukti, Bhäsya, and Churni. Niryuktis and Bhäsyas are composed in verses while Churnis are in prose.
Bhadrabähu II composed all the present Niryuktis. He flourished in the fifth or sixth century V.S (Vikram Samvat). In his Niryuktis, he conducted philosophical discussions in an attractive style. He laid the firm foundation of the Jain philosophy by writing on the subjects of Pramäna, Naya, and Nikshepa.
One should study the Bhäsyas if one wants to have a complete picture of the full discussion on any particular subject that had been carried on till the date of their composition. Among the authors of the Bhäsyas, Samghadäs-gani and Jinabhadra are the most famous. They belong to the seventh century.
The Churnis that are available to us belong to the seventh or the eighth century. Among the authors of the Churnis, Jindäs Mahattar is famous.
The oldest Sanskrit commentaries on the Ägams are those written by Ächärya Haribhadra. He has been assigned to the periods between 757 V.S and 857 V.S. Haribhadra had mainly given the Sanskrit version of the Präkrit Churnis.
After Haribhadra, Shilänk-suri wrote Sanskrit commentaries in the tenth century.
After Shilänk-suri, Santya-ächärya wrote the famous Sanskrit Brahat-tikä commentary on the Uttaradhyayan..
After him, the well-known commentator Abhaydev, who lived from 1072 to 1134 V.S., wrote Sanskrit commentaries on nine Angas.
Here, we should mention the name of Maladhäri Hemchandra who was also a Sanskrit commentator. He was a scholar of the twelfth century.
However, among the authors of Sanskrit commentaries on the Ägams, Malayagiri holds the supreme position. He was a contemporary of Ächärya Hemchandra.
Other scholars ten started writing Bälävabodha commentaries in contemporary Apabhramsha, which is an old Gujarati language.
Compendium of Jainism - 2015
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