Panchastikay

SR No.: 090326
Original Sutra Author: Kundkundacharya
Author: Shreelal Jain Vyakaranshastri
Publisher: Bharat Varshiya Anekant Vidwat Parishad
Total Pages: 421
Language: Hindi, Sanskrit
Classification: Book_Devnagari, Philosophy, & Religion
File Size: 11 MB

Page 64

षद्रव्य-पंचास्तिकायवर्णन ( जीवगुणाः ) जीवके गुण ( चेतना च उपयोगः ) चेतना तथा उपयोग हैं ( च ) और ( जीवस्य पर्यायाः ) जीवको पर्यायें ( सुरनरनारकतिर्यञ्चः ) देव-मनुष्य-नारक-तिर्यश्चरूप ( बहवः ) अनेक
टीका-यहाँ भावों ( द्रव्यों ), गुणों और पर्यायों को बतलाते हैं
जीवादि छह पदार्थ वे. 'भाव' हैं । उनके गुण और पर्यायें प्रसिद्ध हैं, तथापि आगे ( अगली गाथामें ) जो उदाहरण देना है उसकी प्रसिद्धिके हेतु जीवके गुणों और पर्यायोंका कथन किया जाता है...__ जीवके गुणों ज्ञानानुभूतिस्वरूप शुद्धचेतना तथा कार्यानुभूतिस्वरूप और कर्मफलानुभूतिस्वरूप अशुद्धचेतना है और चैतन्यानुविधायी-परिणाम स्वरूप, सविकल्पनिर्विकल्परूप शुद्धता-अशुद्धताविकलता धारण करनेवाला दो प्रकारका उपयोग है।
जीवकी पर्यायें इस प्रकार हैं-अगुरुलघुगुणकी हानिवृद्धिसे उत्पन्न होनेवाली पर्यायें शुद्ध पर्यायें हैं और सूत्रमें ( इस गाथामें ) कही हुई, देव-नारक-तिर्यञ्च-मनुष्य-स्वरूप पर्याये परद्रव्यके सम्बन्धसे उत्पन्न होती हैं इसलिये अशुद्ध पर्यायें हैं ।।१६।।
संस्कृत तात्पर्यवृत्ति गाथा-१६ अथ पूर्वगाथोक्तान् गुणपर्यायभावान् प्रज्ञापयति
भावा जीवादीया भावा: पदार्था भवंति । कानि। जीवादिषड्द्रव्याणि, धर्मादिचतुर्द्रव्याणां गुणपर्यायानग्रे यथास्थानं विशेषेण कथयंति, अत्र तावत् जीवगुणा अभिधीयते । जीवगुणा चेदणा य उवओगा जीवगुणा भवन्ति । के ते । शुद्धाशुद्धरूपेण द्विविधा चेतना ज्ञानदर्शनोपयोगी चति संग्रहवाक्यं वार्तिकं समुदायकथनं तात्पर्यार्थकथनं संपिंडितार्थकथनमिति यावत् । तद्यथा । ज्ञानचेतना शुद्धचेतना भण्यते, कर्मचेतना कर्मफलचेतना च अशुद्धा भण्यते सा त्रिप्रकारापि चेतना अग्रे चेतनाधिकारे विस्तरेण व्याख्यास्यते । इदानीपमुपयोगः कथ्यते । संविकल्पो ज्ञानोपयोगी निर्विकल्पो दर्शनोपयोगः । ज्ञानोपयोगोऽष्टधा, मतिश्रुतावधिमनःपर्ययकेवलज्ञानानीति संज्ञानपंचके कुमतिकुश्रुतविभंगरूपेणाज्ञानत्रयमित्यष्टधा ज्ञानोपयोगः । तत्र केवलज्ञानं क्षायिकं निरावरणात्वात शुद्धं, शेषाणि सप्त मतिज्ञानादीनि क्षायोपशमिकानि सावरणत्वादशुद्धानि । दर्शनोपयोगश्चक्षुरचक्षुरवधिकेवलदर्शनरूपेण चतुर्धा । तत्र केवलदर्शनं क्षायिकं निरावरणत्वात् शुद्धं चक्षुरादित्रयं क्षायोपशमिकं सावरणत्वादशुद्धं । इदानी जीवपर्यायाः कथ्यन्ते । सुरणरणारयतिरिया जीवस्य य पज्जया बहुगा--सुरनरनारकतिर्यंचो जीवस्य विभावद्रव्यपर्याया बहवो भवन्ति । किंच । द्विधा पर्याया द्रव्यपर्याया गुणपर्यायाश्च । द्रव्यपर्यायलक्षणं कथ्यते-अनेकद्रव्यात्मिकाया ऐक्यप्रतिपत्तेर्निबन्धनकारणभूतो द्रव्यपर्याय: अनेकद्रव्यात्मिकैकयानवत् । स च द्रव्यपर्यायो द्विविधः समानजातीयोऽसमानजातीयश्चेति । समानजातीयः कथ्यते-द्वे त्रीणि वा चत्वारीत्यादिपरमाणुपुद्गलद्रव्याणि मिलित्वा

Translation AI Generated

## Description of Six Substances, Five Astikayas (Qualities of the Soul)

**Qualities of the Soul (Consciousness and Utilization)**

Consciousness and utilization are the qualities of the soul.

**Synonyms of the Soul**

The soul has many synonyms, such as deva (god), manushya (human), naraka (hell being), and tiryanch (animal).

**Commentary:**

Here, we are explaining the **bhavas (substances)**, **gunas (qualities)**, and **paryayas (synonyms)**.

The six substances, starting with the soul, are the **bhavas**. Their qualities and synonyms are well-known. However, to clarify the examples that will be given in the next verse, we are mentioning the qualities and synonyms of the soul here.

The qualities of the soul are **pure consciousness** in the form of knowledge and perception, and **impure consciousness** in the form of action and the experience of its fruits. There are two types of utilization: **pure** and **impure**, which are characterized by **savikalpa (with discrimination)** and **nirvikalpa (without discrimination)**, respectively. They are also characterized by **purity, impurity, and mixed states**.

The synonyms of the soul are as follows:

* **Pure synonyms** are those that arise from the **increase or decrease of the qualities of the soul**.
* **Impure synonyms** are those that are mentioned in this verse, such as deva, naraka, tiryanch, and manushya. They arise from the **relationship with other substances**.

**Verse 16:**

Thus, the qualities and synonyms of the substances mentioned in the previous verse are explained.

**Sanskrit Commentary:**

The substances starting with the soul are the **bhavas**. What are they? The six substances starting with the soul, and the four substances starting with dharma, have qualities and synonyms, which will be explained in detail in their respective places. Here, we are explaining the qualities of the soul.

The qualities of the soul are consciousness and utilization. What are they? There are two types of consciousness: pure and impure. **Knowledge and perception** are the utilization of pure consciousness. This is a summary statement, a **vartika (commentary)**, a **samudaya-kathana (general statement)**, a **tatparya-arthakathana (statement of meaning)**, and a **sampindita-arthakathana (statement of condensed meaning)**.

For example, **knowledge-consciousness** is called **pure consciousness**, while **karma-consciousness** and **karma-phala-consciousness** are called **impure consciousness**. These three types of consciousness will be explained in detail later in the section on consciousness.

Now, we will explain utilization. **Savikalpa** is the utilization of knowledge, while **nirvikalpa** is the utilization of perception. There are eight types of knowledge-utilization: **mati (belief)**, **shruta (scriptural knowledge)**, **avadhi (clairvoyance)**, **manas-paryaya (knowledge of the mind)**, and **kevala-jnana (omniscience)**. There are also three types of **ajnana (ignorance)**: **kumati (wrong belief)**, **kushrut (wrong scriptural knowledge)**, and **vibhang (wrong perception)**.

Among these, **kevala-jnana** is **pure** and **kshayika (impermanent)** because it is **niravarana (without obstacles)**. The other seven types of knowledge, starting with **mati**, are **impure** and **kshaya-upashamaka (mitigating impermanence)** because they are **savarana (with obstacles)**.

There are four types of perception-utilization: **chakshu (visual perception)**, **achakshu (non-visual perception)**, **avadhi (clairvoyance)**, and **kevala-darshan (omniscience)**. Among these, **kevala-darshan** is **pure** and **kshayika** because it is **niravarana**. The other three types of perception, starting with **chakshu**, are **impure** and **kshaya-upashamaka** because they are **savarana**.

Now, we will explain the synonyms of the soul. The synonyms of the soul are **deva, naraka, tiryanch, and manushya**. There are many synonyms of the soul.

Furthermore, there are two types of synonyms: **dravya-paryaya (synonyms of substance)** and **guna-paryaya (synonyms of quality)**.

The definition of **dravya-paryaya** is as follows: **A dravya-paryaya is the cause of the unity of many substances, which is based on the understanding of that unity.** It is like the unity of many substances in a single entity.

There are two types of **dravya-paryaya**: **samanajaatiya (of the same kind)** and **asamanajaatiya (of different kinds)**.

**Samanajaatiya** is defined as follows: **Two, three, or four or more paramāṇu (atoms) or pudgala (matter) substances combine to form a single entity.**