Panchastikay

SR No.: 090326
Original Sutra Author: Kundkundacharya
Author: Shreelal Jain Vyakaranshastri
Publisher: Bharat Varshiya Anekant Vidwat Parishad
Total Pages: 421
Language: Hindi, Sanskrit
Classification: Book_Devnagari, Philosophy, & Religion
File Size: 11 MB

Page 60

षड्द्रव्य-पंचास्तिकायवर्णन उनमेंसे एक-एक स्वभावके वर्णनमें सात-सात भंग कहने चाहिये । वे इस तरह किस्यात् अस्ति, स्यात् नास्ति, स्यात अस्तिनास्ति, स्यात् अवक्तव्य इत्यादि या स्यात् एक, स्यात् अनेक, स्यात् एक-अनेक, स्यात् अवक्तव्य इत्यादि या स्यात् नित्य, स्यात् अनित्य, स्यात् नित्यानित्य, स्यात् अवक्तव्य इत्यादि । ये प्रत्येक के सात भंग इसी देवदत्तके दृष्टांतके समान होंगे। जैसे एक ही देवदत्त (१) स्यात पत्र है अर्थात अपने पिताकी अपेक्षा पुत्र है। (२) स्यात् अपुत्र है अर्थात् अपने पिताके सिवाय अन्यकी अपेक्षासे वह पुत्र नहीं है । (३) स्यात् पुत्र अपुत्र दोनों रूप है अर्थात् अपने पिताकी अपेक्षा पुत्र है तथा अन्य की अपेक्षा पुत्र नहीं है । (४) स्यात् अवक्तव्य है अर्थात् एक ही समय भिन्न-भिन्न अपेक्षासे कहें तो यह नहीं कह सकते हैं कि पुत्र अपुत्र दो रूप है । (५) स्यात् पुत्र है और अवक्तव्य है अर्थात् यह देवदत्त जब अपने पिताकी अपेक्षा पुत्र है तब भी एक समय में कहने योग्य न होनेसे कि पुत्र है या अपुत्र है यह अवक्तव्य भी है । (६) स्यात् अपुत्र अवक्तव्य है अर्थात् जब यह देवदत्त अपने पितासे अन्यकी अपेक्षा अपुत्र है तब ही एक समय में कहने योग्य न होनेसे अवक्तव्य है। (७) स्यात् पुत्र अपुत्र तथा अवक्तव्य है अर्थात् अपने पिताकी अपेक्षा पुत्र, परकी अपेक्षा अपुत्र तब ही एक समयमें कहने योग्य न होनेसे अवक्तव्य है । इसी तरह सूक्ष्म व्याख्यानकी अपेक्षासे सप्तभंगीका कथन जान लेना चाहिये । स्यात् द्रव्य है इत्यादि, ऐसा पढ़नेसे प्रमाण सप्तभंगी जानी जाती है। क्योंकि स्यात् अस्ति यह वचन सकल वस्तुको ग्रहण करनेवाला है इसलिये प्रमाण वाक्य है । स्यात् अस्ति एव द्रव्यम्ऐसा वचन वस्तुके एकदेशको अर्थात् उसके मात्र अस्तित्व स्वभावको ग्रहण करने वाला है इससे नय वाक्य है । क्योंकि कहा है "सकलादेशः प्रमाणाधीनो, विकलादेशो नयाधीन" इति वस्तुसर्वको कहनेवाला वचन प्रमाणके अधीन है और उसीके एक अंशको कहनेवाला वचन नयके अधीन है। अस्ति द्रव्यं यह दुःप्रमाण वाक्य है व अस्ति एव द्रव्यं यह दुर्नय वाक्य है। इस तरह प्रमाणादि रूपसे व्याख्यान जानना । यहाँ छः द्रव्योंके मध्यमेंसे सात भंगरूप जीवास्तिकाय नामका शुद्ध आत्मद्रव्य है वही ग्रहण करने योग्य है यह भावार्थ है ।।१४।।
इस तरह एक सूत्र से सप्तभंगीका व्याख्यान किया गया। इस तरह १४ गाथाओंमें पाँच स्थालोंसे पहली सात गाथाएँ पूर्ण हुई।
समय व्याख्या गाथा-१५ अत्रासत्प्रादुर्भावत्वमुत्पादस्य सदुच्छेदत्वं विगमस्य निषिद्धम् ।

Translation AI Generated

## Description of the Six Substances and the Five Astikayas

In the description of each of the six substances, seven **bhangas** (categories) should be mentioned. These are:

* **Syat asti** (It may be), **Syat nasti** (It may not be), **Syat astinaasti** (It may be and may not be), **Syat avaktvy** (It may be unmentionable)
* **Syat ek** (It may be one), **Syat anek** (It may be many), **Syat ek-anek** (It may be one and many), **Syat avaktvy** (It may be unmentionable)
* **Syat nitya** (It may be eternal), **Syat anitya** (It may be non-eternal), **Syat nityanitya** (It may be eternal and non-eternal), **Syat avaktvy** (It may be unmentionable)

These seven **bhangas** for each substance are similar to the example of Devadatta. For example, the same Devadatta:

1. **Syat putra** (May be a son) - in relation to his father, he is a son.
2. **Syat aputra** (May not be a son) - in relation to others besides his father, he is not a son.
3. **Syat putra aputra** (May be both a son and not a son) - in relation to his father, he is a son, and in relation to others, he is not a son.
4. **Syat avaktvy** (May be unmentionable) - at the same time, with different perspectives, it cannot be said whether he is a son or not a son.
5. **Syat putra avaktvy** (May be a son and unmentionable) - when Devadatta is a son in relation to his father, at the same time, it is not possible to say whether he is a son or not a son, so it is unmentionable.
6. **Syat aputra avaktvy** (May not be a son and unmentionable) - when Devadatta is not a son in relation to others besides his father, at the same time, it is not possible to say whether he is a son or not a son, so it is unmentionable.
7. **Syat putra aputra avaktvy** (May be a son, not a son, and unmentionable) - in relation to his father, he is a son, in relation to others, he is not a son, and at the same time, it is not possible to say whether he is a son or not a son, so it is unmentionable.

In this way, one should understand the **saptabhangi** (sevenfold predication) through subtle explanation. By reading "**Syat dravya**" (It may be a substance), etc., the **saptabhangi** principle is understood.

Because the statement "**Syat asti**" (It may be) encompasses all things, it is a **pramana** (proof) statement. The statement "**Syat asti ev dravyam**" (It may be a substance) encompasses only one aspect of a thing, its mere existence, and therefore it is a **naya** (viewpoint) statement.

As it is said, "**Sakalaadesha pramanadheen, vikalaadesha nayadheen**" (The statement encompassing all aspects is under the purview of **pramana**, and the statement encompassing only a part is under the purview of **naya**).

"**Asti dravyam**" (It is a substance) is a **duhpramna** (incorrect proof) statement, and "**Asti ev dravyam**" (It is a substance) is a **durnya** (incorrect viewpoint) statement.

In this way, one should understand the explanation through **pramana** (proof) and other categories. Here, among the six substances, the **jivaastikaya** (living being) is the pure **atmadravya** (soul substance) that is worthy of being grasped.

This is the meaning.

Thus, the **saptabhangi** is explained through one sutra (aphorism). In this way, the first seven verses are completed in fourteen verses, with five **sthala** (categories).

## Time Explanation Verse 15

**Atrasadpradurabhavatvamutpadasy saducchedatvam vigamasya nishiddham.**

(The emergence of the non-existent, the destruction of the existent, and the cessation of the non-existent are prohibited.)