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## Fifth Chapter
**177**
There are four types of **karma** (action). The remaining three **bandhas** (bonds) and the four **bandhas** of **ayukarma** (life-span karma) are **sadi** (with beginning) and **adhruva** (non-permanent), thus there are only two types.
**Special Note:** The verse explains the **utkrusht** (excellent), **anutkrusht** (not excellent), **jghanya** (inferior), and **ajghanya** (not inferior) distinctions of **sthitibandha** (state-bond) of the **mul prakritis** (fundamental natures). It also explains the **sadi**, **anadi** (without beginning), etc. distinctions within them as much as possible.
**Utkrusht bandha** is the **bandha** with the highest state, meaning there can be no **bandha** with a higher state than it. **Jghanya bandha** is the **bandha** with the lowest state. All **bandhas** from a slightly less excellent state to the **jghanya** state are called **anutkrusht bandhas**. This means all the remaining **bandhas** before the **amala** (pure) state of the **sasastra sangha** (armed assembly) are called **anutkrusht bandhas**. All **bandhas** from a slightly more inferior state to before the **utkrusht bandha** are called **ajghanya bandhas**. In this way, all the distinctions of state are included in the **utkrusht** and **anutkrusht** distinctions, and all the distinctions of state are also implied in the **jghanya** and **ajghanya** **bandha** distinctions.
These four **bandhas** have **sadi**, **anadi**, **dhruva** (permanent), and **adhruva** distinctions as appropriate. The **bandha** that stops and then starts again is called **sadibandha**, and the **bandha** that has been continuous since the beginning of time is **anadibandha**. This **bandha** does not stop even for a moment. The **bandha** that has never been broken and will never be broken is **dhruvabandha**, and the **bandha** that will be broken in the future is called **adhruvabandha**.
**Jnanaavaran** (knowledge-obscuring), **darshanavaran** (perception-obscuring), **vedaniya** (feeling), **mohaniya** (delusion), **ayu** (life-span), **nama** (name), **gotra** (lineage), and **antaraya** (obstacle) are the eight fundamental natures of **karma**. All four **bandhas** - **utkrusht**, **anutkrusht**, **jghanya**, and **ajghanya** - exist in these. Among these, **ayu**...