Shabda Sannidhi

Author(s): Kumarpal Desai
Publisher: Kumarpal Desai
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034286/1

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| kumA2pALa desAI - - 3092396. XWAWAN ZA Y ARIKing NU AMARNATANPARTIEWWi) A/WWWaIRU/lI AT STAT-TAT

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zabdasaMnidhi lekhaka kumArapALa desAI

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Sabdasannidhi by Dr. Kumarpal Desai lekhaka-prakAzaka kumArapALa desAI prathama AvRtti, 1980 dvitIya AvRtti, 2001 mUlya AvaraNa-citra *jaya' paMcolI AvaraNa-mudraNa naTavara smRti prinTarsa rAyapura amadAvAda mudraka narendra je. sonI dila prinTarI zAhapura amadAvAda-4 arpaNa

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anukrama zabdasaMnidhi 'zrI sisTarsa 'nA sarjakanI kalA 'dha gArDana pArTI' 'rAjA' (kiMga oNpha dha DArka caeNmbara) anokhI AtmakathA 'UgatI juvAnInI apragaTa mudraNaprata 'dhUmaketuno sthira prakAza dhIkhatI saMvedanAnuM kAvya sAhitya ane patrakAratva apragaTa stutikAvya kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdaghana meghadUta'nI bhAvasRSTi kavitAmAM pragaTa thatI baLavaMtarAyanI kAvyavibhAvanA tulanA : govardhanarAma ane munazInAM strI-pAtro 'monTA-kaoNlAja' : pratIkSAnA samudranAM UchaLatAM mojAM

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zrI sisTarsa'nA sarjakanI kalA nAdurasta tabiyate paNa sAkhAlIna TApu para sevA kAje janAra dAktara cekhova jeTalI ja mAnava pratyenI apAra sahAnubhUti sarjaka cekhovamAM pratIta thAya che. A kalAkAra mAnavakradayanA tala sudhI pahoMcI, mAnavajIvanane phoTogrAphInI peThe mAtra hUbahU rajU na karatAM ene kalAtmakatAthI Alekhe che. enuM kAraNa e che ke cekhovanA rUMverUMve sarjakatA vaselI che. enI pAse sarjakamAM anivArya evuM hradayanuM agAdha kAruNya ane saMsAranA tAretAra sAthe ekarUpa citta che. samAjanI e keeka vyakti ane vAtAvaraNanA ekeeka aMza sAthe samabhAva dharAvatA A sarjakane kazuM aLakhAmaNuM ke ajAyuM nathI. vicitra, behUdI, kaMTALAjanaka ane prAkRta vastune sAMgopAMga anubhavavAnI kSamatA ane sahAnubhUti ane vizvano eka virala kalAkAra banAve che. mAnava taraphanA apAra samabhAvamAM enI sAthe eka zeksapiyara yAda Ave che. cekhovanA sauthI vadhu karuNagarbha nATaka 'zrI sisTarsa'ne AdhAre enI nATya kalAnI khUbIo pArakhIe to jaNAze ke jIvanamAMthI nATayakSama vastu khoLavAnI ke jIvananI koI viziSTa paLane ja nATyarUpa ApavAnI ane jarUra nathI, saMkula jIvanano badho asabAba dharAvanAra A nATakakAra mATe AkhuM jIvana e ja nATaka che. ApaNI AsapAsa hAlatA-cAlatA, jhaghaDatA, icchA ne AzAo sevatA, niSphaLatA ne niHsAratA anubhavatA, kaMIka jhaMkhatA ne te meLavavA udhamAta karatA mAnavIo ane emanI behUdI vartaNUka, vicitra Tevo, asaMskAritA, prAkRtatA ane asaMbaddha vAtone kazAya opa ke DoLa vinA yathAtatha te Alekhe che. ane emAMthI manohara nATyakRti UgI nIkaLe RNa svIkAra DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara 1 zrI jayaMta koThArI 3 zrI bhoLAbhAI paTela zrI raghuvIra caudharI 3 zrI sureza dalAla ] DaoN. madhusUdana pArekha pri. ema. sI. zAha D pri. mohanabhAI paTela DaoN. caMdrakAMta mahetA zrI nItIna desAI 3 ku. mAlatI desAI

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'zrI sisTarsa'nA sarjakanI kalA zabdasaMnidhi che. yathArthatAne kalAnuM jIvAtubhUta tattva ke eno prANa kahevAmAM Ave che. cekhova kazIya DImaDIma vagADyA vagara ene Alekhe che. enA jeTalI sukSmatAthI ane spaSTatAthI jIvananI karuNatA ane nazvaratAne bhAgye ja koI nATyakAra samajI zakyo haze. madhyamavarganA jIvananI hatAzA ane karuNatAnuM eNe hRdayavidAraka citra ApyuM che. jIvananI najIvI bAbatone mahattvapUrNa kalAmAM palaTAvIne jIva ApavAnI AvaDatamAM ja enI vizeSatA che. kaMTALAjanaka ane zuSka raziyana jIvanamAM e aneka suMdara rasasthAno joI zake che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke ApaNA atyaMta sAmAnya jIvana pAchaLa chupAyelI saMkulatA ane kadaryatAnI pAchaLa rahelI karuNatAno cekhove sAhajikatAthI tAga meLavyo che. vastunI peThe vastuvikAsa paratve paNa A sarjaka koI yojanA pramANe ke pUrva-Alekhita nakazA mujaba cAlatA jaNAtA nathI, cekhovanI pahelAM TUMkI vArtAne nizcita Adi, madhya ke aMta hovA joIe ema mAnavAmAM AvatuM. cekhove Ane asvIkAra karyo ne kahyuM ke jIvanamAM AvuM nizcitapaNe kyAM kaMI hoya che ? AthI AvA koI cokaThAmAM rahyA vinA e svAbhAvika rIte ja AgaLa vadhe che. 'zrI sisTarsa'nA cAre aMko koI nizcita AdithI AraMbhAtA ke madhya vA aMta prati gati karatA nathI. eka vAra rezamI vastromAM sajaja traNa strIo rAjakAraNamAM rasa dekhADavAnA DoLathI grIka loko jItaze ke turka loko jItaze. te vize cekhovane prazno pUchavA lAgI. cekhove dhIme rahIne pUchavuM, "mane to phaLano khImo bahu game. tamane ?' ane pachI to "moTI vAto" karavAno nakAmo boja UtarI jatAM phaLaphaLAdinA khImA vize aneka vAto cAlI. aMte traNa sannArIo sAnaMda vidAya thaI tyAre cekhove kahyuM, 'dare ke potAnI bolImAM ja vAtacIta karavI joIe.' AvI ja rIte cekhovanuM dareka pAtra potAnI lAgaNIo, bhAvanAo, vedanAo ane icchAone vaphAdAra hoya che. kyAre te AtmavaMcanA karatuM nathI. satyanI sAthe samAdhAna karavAmAM koI mAnatuM nathI. cekhovanAM pAtro vartamAna paristhitine tiraskAre che, paNa ilsananAM pAtronI mAphaka paristhitino sAmano karavAnI tAkAta dharAvatAM nathI. mAtra e uccatara jIvananI AkAMkSAvALAM zodhaka ke svapnazIla pAtro tatkAlIna saMjogo ne samAjanI lamaNarekhAmAMthI chUTavA mathAmaNa karatAM najare paDe che. pAtranA manamAM evI koI vicitratA vaselI che ke potAnI sauthI najIkanI ane sauthI priya vyaktithI ane juduM pADe che. kadAca AnuM kAraNa cekhovanI e mAnyatA paNa hoya ke mULabhUta rIte to dareka mANasa ekalo ja che. moTI saMkhyAmAM mitro dharAvanAra cekhovanI eka phariyAda che ke - 'As I shall lie alone in the grave, so, indeed, do I live alone.' pAtramAnasamAM UMDo Utarato cekhova pAtranuM ghaDatara, enI copAsanI paristhiti ane bhUta tathA vartamAna sAtheno saMbaMdha eTalo spaSTa karI Ape che ke A sthitimAM A pAtra Ama ja kare ema lAge che. emAM AvatI sthAnika vigato pAtranA viziSTa dimAgane chato kare che. emanA rojiMdA jIvanamAM vyakta thatA mAnavasauMdaryane asarakAraka rIte rajU karI emanI rojabarojanI muzkelImAM ApaNane rasa letA karI mUke che. emanI asaMbaddha vAto pAchaLa eka atUTa saMvAda rahelo hoya che. A rIte veravikhera lAgatAM pAtro ane emanA saMvAdo hetu ane asaranI bAbatamAM eka mudrA UbhI kare che. 'zrI sisTarsamAM traNa baheno jIvananI asAratAthI pIDAya che. traNenA hRdayamAM agni bhArelo che, ane chelle sudhI prazna e rahe che ke

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zrI sisTarsanA sarjakanI kalA zabdasaMnidhi A bahenonAM jIvanamAM amRtanuM amI paDaze ke nahIM ? emanA para hRdaya cIrI nAkhe tevI ApattionI paraMparA gujarI che. jIvanamAM kazuM zeSa rahyuM nathI. AzA vinAnI ekatAnatAnA gherA dhummasamAM aTavAtAM ne athaDAtAM enAM pAtro suMdara ane uccatara jIvananI jhaMkhanA rAkhe che, paraMtu emanA kSullaka, nirarthaka ane asAra jIvana tathA manohara jIvananI AkAMkSA vaccenI khAI vaNa-purAyelI ja rahe che. emanAM manohara svapno mAnasamAM janmatAM sAthe ja mRtyu pAmavA sarjAyelAM che. dareka pAtra potapotAnI duniyAmAM ramamANe che. eka pAtra bIjA pAtrane samajavo paNa cAhatuM nathI. mAtra bhinnabhinna hovA chatAM - vAghanA taMtuo bhinnabhinna hovA chatAM - badhAmAMthI aMte sUra to eka niHsAratAno ja nIkaLe che. moTI bahena olgAnA jIvanamAM prema pahoMcI zake tema nathI. premane mATe valakhAM mAravAM e ene anucita lAge che. vaceTa bahena mAzA nAnI uMmare eka zikSakane catura samajI paraNI, paNa teno bhrama bhAMgI paDe che. karuNatA to tyAM che ke eno pati kuligina enA vize vAraMvAra *I am content, content, content !' kahyA kare che, tyAre mAzI enA pati vize 'Bored, bored, bored' kahyA kare che. mAzAno premI verzinina eka viSAdapUrNa premI che. e kahe che : 'ApaNe sukhI nathI ane sukhI thaIzuM paNa nahIM. ApaNe to enI jhaMkhanA ja karavAnI che.' A viSAda kadAca vezininanA aMgata jIvanamAMthI paNa Avyo hoya. e evI patnIne paraNyo che ke jene mATe jhera khAvuM e ja ekamAtra AnaMdano viSaya che. verzininane du:kha e che ke pote potAnAM bALakone taMdurasta mAtA na ApI zakyo. umadA vicAro dharAvatA A mAnavInA jIvanamAM badhuM UNuM che. traNaso varSa pachI AvanArI jiMdagInAM sukhamaya svanAM nihALato verzinina potAnI copAsa TukaDeTukaDA thaI jatA jIvanane joto nathI. sauthI vadhu vedanAboja sahetI irinAne jIvane kIDAe korI khAdhelA choDa samuM lAge che. ene eno vyavasAya pasaMda nathI ane cIsa pADI UThe che ke enAthI enI buddhi maMda paDatI jAya che. irinA baLe baLe tujhenabAcane cAhavA jAya che, paNa cAhI zakatI nathI. mAtra mosko javAnI AzAe enI sAthe lagna karavAnI hoya che ane lagnane Agale divase tujhenabAca mATe ghAtaka nIvaDanAra hRddhayuddha thAya che. hRdayuddhamAM jatA pahelAM irinA pAse tujhenabAca Ave che tyAre irinA kahe che : "huM mArI jiMdagImAM kyAreya premamAM na hatI. oha ! have to premanAM svapnAM sevuM chuM. ghaNA vakhatathI rAta-divasa premanAM svapnamAM rAcuM chuM. paNa mAro AtmA, jenI cAvI khovAI gaI che evA baMdha piyAnA jevo che !' vidAyaveLAnI AvI gUMgaLAmaNabharI paristhiti cekhova ja AlekhI zake. tujhenabAca hRdayuddhamAM jatAM pahelAM irinA pAse kaoNphI pIvAnI icchA vyakta kare che, paNa enI AvI mAmUlI icchA ya saMtoSAtI nathI. irinA kahe che ke pAnakhara jaze ne ziyALo Avaze. e vasaMtanI to vAta ja karatI nathI ! A pAnakhara gAmaDAmAM nathI, jenuM badhuM AgamAM homAI gayuM che temane tyAM nathI, paraMtu e to irinAnA hRdayamAM che. maoNsko yunivarsiTInA vidvAna prophesara thavAnuM svapna sevato traNe bahenono bhAI Andra jugArI banI, ghara gIre mUkIne mAtra DisTrikTakAunsilanA sabhya banavAmAM saMtoSa mAne che. cothA aMkamAM enI bahena mAzA ene vize sAMpaDelI nirAzA darzAvatAM kahe che, "hajAro mAnavIonA athAga yatna ane dhanane pariNAme eka ghaMTa banAvyo hoya ane te ekAeka, kezA ya kAraNa vinA paDIne cUrecUrA thaI jAya tevuM A vize banyuM che.' sATha varSano dAktara zaibutikina nakAmA chApAmAMthI noMdha TapakAve che. A kAmamAM e enuM thoDuMghaNuM vaidaka paNa bhUlI jAya che. A bahenonI mAtAne cAhanAro zaibutikina sauthI nAnI

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zabdasaMnidhi bahena hiranA mATe paNa AvI lAgaNI dharAve che ! zaibutikinane to pote hAthapaga calAvato hovA chatAM jIvato hoya tema lAgatuM nathI. rUDha arthamAM khalapAtra ke kuTila pAtra cekhovanA nATaka ke navalikAmAM maLatAM nathI. paraMtu sAhajika pAtracitraNamAM ja kuTilatAnuM nirUpaNa maLe che. A nATakamAM natAzA e prakAranuM pAtra che. nokaro para ciDAtI tathA samAraMbhanA AnaMdano nAza karanArI A nArImAM prAkRtatA, svakendritatA ane asaMskAritA dekhAya che. projhorova kuTuMbane eka oraDAmAMthI bIjA oraDAmAM dhakelatI natAzA aMte AkhA kuTuMbane bahAra kADhI mUke che. bIjA aMkamAM potAnA bALaka bobikane sAro oraDo maLe, te mATe irinAne olgAnA oraDAmAM pheravavAnI yojanA kare che. lAgaNIne neve mUkIne mAtra svArthanI dRSTie tola karatI natAzA trIjA aMkamAM nakAmI thaI gayelI gharaDI nokaraDI anaphisAne kADhI mUkavAnI vAta kare che. A ja aMkamAM nATacakAra cekhova eka anokhuM dRzya Ape che. natAzA mINabattI laIne kazuM ja bolyA vagara pasAra thaI jAya che. A samaye mAzA kahe che : 'e evI rIte jAya che ke jANe eNe ja Aga cAMpI hoya !' A vAta keTalI sUcaka che ! natAzAe gAmanAM gharomAM nahIM, paNa A projhorova kuTuMbanI nAnI maDhulIne to lAhya lagADI ja che. chellA aMkamAM oNlgA ane anaphIsA sarakArI makAnamAM rahevA javAnI taiyArI karatAM dekhAya che. irinAne rAcaracIlAnA oraDAmAM rAkhavAmAM Ave che. potAnI sophI mATe e Andreno khaMDa badalavA cAhe che. A sophI e kadAca proTopopovanuM bALaka hovAthI AkhAya projhorova kuTuMbane hAMkI kADhavAnuM natAzAnuM kAma pUruM thAya che. nATakanA aMtamAM gharanI bahAra bagIcAmAM Andre bAbAgADImAM bALakane pheravato hoya che. natAzA ghara bahAranAM vRkSo ane choDone kApI nAMkhavA cAhe che. traNe aMkonI kAryabhUmi gharamAM rAkhIne chello cotho aMka gharanI bahAra yojavAmAM cekhovanI sUkSma 9 'zrI sisTarsa"nA sarjakanI kalA kalAsUjha pragaTa thAya che. aMte thato natAzAno vijaya e duritano vijaya che ema svIkAravuM paDaze. A AkhAya nATakano dhvani che : "It's all the same.' potAnI AzA saphaLana thAya, tyAre pAtro Ama kahIne mana vALI le che. AzAnA jvALAmukhI para vAraMvAra paga mUkIne uThAvI letA lAge che. zaibutikina mAne che ke pote pAcho Ave to ya ThIka ane na Ave to ya ThIka. zikSaka kuligina mAne che ke mUcha hoya to ya ThIka ane na hoya to ya ThIka. maoNsko javAnI tIvra jhaMkhanA dharAvatI oNlgA aMte maoNsko javAnuM pasaMda karatI nathI. nATyAMte 'ApaNe jIvavuM joIe' evo AzAno sUra uccArAya che, tyAre zaibutikina 'It's all the samethI javAba vALe che. ahIM praNayanI jhaMkhanA che, paNa irinA ane tujhenabAca ene zabdomAM paNa mUkI zakatAM nathI. lagna ane milananI lezamAtra AzA vinA vikhUTAM paDavAnuM che. bhaMgAra banI jatI AzAo ane vaNachIpI lAlasAo bhAvakanA citta para viSAdanI gherI chApa pADe che. AmAM ya nATakanuM sauthI vadhu karuNa dazya to nATakano aMta che. traNe bahenonAM jIvananI ekalatAne ochI karanArA lazkaranA mANaso gAmaDuM choDIne jaI rahyA che ane pharI emanAM jIvanamAM sarvatra riktA vyApI rahI che. maoNskono sUryaprakAza pAmavAnI AzA vadhu ne vadhu dUra gaI che. byugalanA avAja sAthe lazkara prayANa Adare che. tujhenabAcanA mRtyunA hRdayabhedaka samAcAra maLe che. svapnazIla verrIinina kazuM karma karato nathI. karmazIla tujhenabAca haNAya che. zaibutikinane to pote jIve che ke kema te ja prazna che. oNlgA saMgItamAM jIvana jIvavAnI jhaMkhanA jue che : saheja vadhAre saMgItanI choLa UDe to ApaNe kema jIvIe chIe te samajI zakAya ? mAzAnA jIvanane kaMIka zAMti ApanAra

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zabdasaMnidhi vezinina vikhUTo paDI rahyo che ane ene pharI kuligina sAthe AkaruM. jIvana gALavAnuM che. e kahe che ke ApaNe jIvavuM ja joIe. jyAre irinA kahe che : "ApaNe kAma karavuM joIe, mAtra kAma !' irinA nizALamAM zikSikA tarIke javAnI vAta kare che. paNa e sAthe ema thAya che ke zuM e ya lgAnI jema kaMTALI to nahIM jAya ne ? A rIte saMgItanA vilayanI sAthosAtha bahenonI AzAno vilaya thato lAge che. A bahenone mATe AvI riktatA mRtyu karatAM ochI duHkhakara nathI. kalA e koI dharmapuruSa ke karmapuruSanI peThe nahIM paNa potAnI satyamayatAthI AzvAsana Ape che. ahIM koI ekAdA gauravazALI pAtranA patananI karuNatA AlekhI nathI, paNa samagra mAnavajIvananI karuNa gAthA AlekhI che. mAtra traNa bahenonI ja TrejeDI nathI. Ane , berana tujhenabAca ane verzininanI paNa e TrejeDI gaNAya. praNayane kendramAM rAkhIne ya judI judI TrejeDI sarjAya che. tujhenabAca tatkAlIna paristhiti vize je kahe che te A TrejeDIne barAbara lAgu paDe che. e kahe che : "To-day there are no torture chambers, no executions, no invasions and yet, how much suffering !" A nATakamAM karuNatA ane vidhinI vakratA sAthosAtha AlekhAya che. ekamAtra tujhenabAca sivAya koInuM mRtyu thatuM na hovAthI nATaka rUDha arthamAM TrejeDI nathI. paNa ahIM AlekhAyeluM ekalavAyuM, asAra ane viSAdapUrNa jIvana e mRtyu karatAM ya kAramuM che. AjanAM aMbsarDa nATakonI peThe cekhova jIvanane sAva vAhiyAta hovAnuM mAnato nathI. e AzAno gokIro karato nathI, paNa jIvananI asAratA ane mRgajaLa samI AzAo batAvatAM ya dUra dUra kSitija mAM AzAno uSa:prakAza batAve che. aneka vyarthatA vacce paNa jIvana to che ja . zrI sisTarsanA sarjakanI kalA jIvanane niHsAra mAnatI olgAne aMte jIvananA jayano Acho vijayanAda karatI bharatInA avAjo saMbhaLAya che. verzininane traNaso varSa pachI sukhamaya bananArI duniyAnAM svapnAM Ave che, to berana tujhenabAca gAma baLI jatAM ITavADAmAM jaIne kAma karavAnI icchA vyakta kare che. iMTavADo e navasarjananuM pratIka che. A karmazIla mAnavI dvayuddhamAM jatA pahelAM irinAne kahe che--'mane ema lAge che ke huM marI jaIza pachI eka yA bIjI rIte jIvanamAM bhAga bhajavato rahIza." baMne karmayoganI bhAvanA dharAve che ane te paNa bIjAne mATenA karmayoganI. tujhenabAcanA karmayogano pavitra nyAsa irinAmAM saMkrAnta thAya che. irinAne jIvavAnuM preraka kAraNa maLI rahe che. nATakane aMte e kAma karavA mAge che ane te paNa jarUriyAtavALA mATe. A avAja khokharA AzAvAdano nathI. mAnavIne AdhAra ApanArI badhI bAbato tUTI paDe, to jIvanano taMtu mAnavInI cetanA sAthe atUTapaNe gUMthAyelo rahe, tyAre e mAnavI hArI khAto nathI. cekhove ja kahyuM che- *My holy of holies are the human body, health, intelligence, talent, inspiration, love and the most absolute freedom-freedom from despotism and lies. jiMdagInI nirAzA ane ribAmaNano anubhava karatI A traNe baheno 'ApaNI pachI AvanArA'nA sukhane icche che. A samaya daramiyAna teoe mAtra kAma ja karavAnuM che. bIjuM kazuM ya nahIM ne kAma ! kazI ya AzA vinA kAma ! emano Avo prayatna eTale ja jIvana. mAtra ATalA ja AzAvAdane kAraNe A nATakane maryAdita arthamAM TrejI-kaoNmeDI kahI zakAya. Avo AzAno camakAro nATakanA viSAdamaya vAtAvaraNamAM kSaNavAra ja camakI jato lAge che. vaLI karuNanI asara vadhAre gADha e mATe bane che ke ahIM jhaLAMhaLAM

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zabdasaMnidhi vyaktitvono AzAbhaMga thato nathI, paNa sAmAnya mAnavIonI sAmAnya icchAono nAza thAya che. cekhovanI kharI khUbI vAtAvaraNa khaDuM karavAmAM che. AzA ane nirAzA, AMsu ane AnaMda_evI vividha chAyAo nATakamAM vArevAre AvyA kare che. pariNAme aMte eka vAtAvaraNa vAcakanA mana para chavAI rahe che. bAkInuM kAma enI gaMbhIra mAnavatA ane kAvyamayatA pUruM karI de che. jIvananI vedanA e sUcano ane hakIkatothI batAve che. jIvananI nAnI nAnI vastu ane sAmAnya ghaTanA parathI nATaka racato cekhova nATakanA plot dATI deto lAge che. ahIM sthULa kAryano mahimA nathI. bhayaMkara kRtyo ane lAgaNIonI parAkASThA takhtAnI bahAra ke aMkonI vacce banI jAya che. A nATakamAM Aga ane tujhenabAcanuM mRtyu. e be akasmAta Ave che. paNa zuM vAstava-jIvanamAM AvA akasmAta banatA nathI ? vadhu to AvA akasmAtathI nATakanA kAryane dhakko mAravAmAM Avato nathI. AgathI A traNe bahenone kazuM bhautika nukasAna thatuM nathI. AganuM vizeSa to pratIka lekhe mahattva che; jyAre tujhenabAcanuM mRtyu takhtA para batAvavAmAM AvatuM nathI. mAtra enA samAcAra ja maLe che. vaLI AvA hRdayuddhanA banAvo e vakhate banatA hatA. [mahAna raziyana kavi puzkeina AvA ja eka hRyuddhamAM mAryo gayo hato.] nATakanA agatyanA banAvone chupAvavAnI cekhovanI kaLA anerI che. meloDrAmeTika krAisisane A rIte nivArIne e AMtarika mathAmaNanuM satata nirUpaNa karato jAya che. sAmAnya nATakakAra to natAzAne khalapAtra banAvIne AndranA jIvananI Treje DI nirUpata ! Ama A nATaka meloDrAmA bane tevI pUrI zakyatA che, chatAM kyAMya meloDrAmA banatuM nathI. AnuM kAraNa e ke cekhova AMtarakAryanuM gaurava kare che. zeksapiyara kyAreka bola kaNo lAge che, jyAre cekhova eTalo bola kaNo zrI sisTarsa'nA sarjakanI kalA nathI. e zabdo, dhvani, sAmAnya vigato, pratIka, paristhiti ane vAtAvaraNanI sahAya vaDe ghaNuM pragaTa kare che. e paristhiti para koI vivecana Apato nathI. pAtro vaDe paristhiti jAte ja potAnA para vivecana kare evI racanA kare che. Adhunika nATakonA sthApaka ibsananI mAphaka cekhova enI nATyakRtiomAM pratIkono bahoLo upayoga kare che. je sarjakane pUrepUro AtmavizvAsa hoya ane te sAthe pote mUkelI vAtane vAcaka samajI zakaze evo AtmavizvAsa hoya teo ja Ano samartha rIte upayoga karI zake che. cekhove 'zrI sisTarsa" lakhyuM tyAre e rogathI pIDAto kimiyAmAM vasato hato. raziyanone maoNskonuM aneruM AkarSaNa hoya che. cekhovanA "dha leDI vitha dha DaoNgamAM maoNskonA AkarSaNanI ane 'vAcA'mAM vAvAnI vatana javAnI niSphaLa gayelI AzAnI vAta che. A nATakamAM traNa baheno koI paNa rIte mosko javA cAhe che. irinA eka sthaLe kahe che : "ahIMnuM ghara vecI, badhI bAbatono aMta ANI maoNsko javuM che.' ahIM maoNskonA pratIka dvArA eka saMskArI samAja mAM javAnI bhAvanA vyakta thAya che. potAnI bAlyAvasthAno e pradeza, agiyAra varSa pahelAM choDeluM e mosko A baheno mATe gumAveluM svarga -Lost Paradise - che. paraMtu nATakane aMte to bahenonI maoNsko pahoMcavAnI AzA vadhu jhAMkhI bane che. traNe bahenonI saMskAritA A gAmaDAmAM sukAya che. emanuM jJAna ajAgalastana jevuM nakAmuM banI jAya che. gAmaDuM e mAnavane prANI banAvI detI asaronuM pratIka che. AnTe tenuM bhayaMkara varNana Ape che. 1. I. sa. 1941nI ekavIsamI jUne cekhovanuM A nATaka 'maoNsko smArTa thiyeTara'mAM bhajavAyuM, bIje ja divase hiTalare raziyA para AkramaNa karyuM. ene paNa traNa bahenonI peThe mosko pahoMcavAnuM agharuM ja lAgyuM !

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zabdasaMnidhi zaibhutikina eno namUno che. e potAnuM vaidika vIsarI jAya che ane ene potAnA astitva vize zaMkA jAge che. saMskAritAno upAsaka cekhova gAmaDAnA nirUpaNathI ane natAzAnA pAtrathI asaMskAritA khullI pADe che. AnI sAme maoNsko e uSmA, sughaDatA, saMskAritA ane saMvedanazIlatAnuM pratIka banI rahe che. nATakamAM Avato Agano prasaMga cekhovanI samartha pratIkazaktinuM valaMta udAharaNa banI rahe che. AganI cetavaNInI ghaMTaDI oNlgAnA jIvanamAM ane AkhA projhorAva kuTuMbanA jIvanamAM lAganArI AganuM pratIka banI rahe che. eka Aga dUra lAgI che ane bIjI Aga A bahenonA gharamAM ane hRdayamAM lAgI che, jemAM emanI badhI AzAo homAI jAya che. A veLA natAzA enAM be bALakone mUkI proTIpopova sAthe slAva gADImAM pharavA nIkaLe che. ahIM AndranA jIvanamAM lAgelI AganuM sUcana maLe che. Aga jevuM ja bIjuM pratIka che saMgItanuM. saMgIta saheja vadhu cAle to A jIvananuM rahasya samajAya. jIvananuM rahasya sadaryAnubhavathI pamAya che, ema sarjaka sUcavato hoya tema lAge che. eka bAju bahenonI hRdayavidAraka vedanA ane bIjI bAju ullAsapUrvaka jatA lakaranA nyUgalanA avAjo A be virodhI bAbato vAtAvaraNane khUbIthI khaDuM karI de che. eka evo prazna uThAvavAmAM Ave che ke kalAkAra cekhova raziyAmAM ja jamI zake, bIje kyAMya nahIM. AnuM eka kAraNa ene jovA maLelo krAMti pahelAMno ALasu ane kacaDAyelo samAja che. bIjuM ene maLelI raziyAnA vAstavavAdI lekhakonI praNAlikA che. cekhovanI kRtimAM kazuM bIjI rIte athavA hoya tenAthI ghero raMga pUrIne rajU karavAmAM AvatuM nathI. badhuM taMtotaMta satyamayatAthI AlekhAyuM che. kaTutA vinA, koI vAdanA TekA vinA ane lAgaNIveDAmAM sarI gayA vinA 'zrI sisTarsa'nA sarjakanI kalA jevuM che tevuM jIvana Alekhe jAya che. uccAzayanI moTI moTI vAto karavAnuM ene pasaMda nathI. ene potAne asatya sAme dhikkAra hovAthI khoTI AzA ke bhavya svanAo sevato nathI. vAstavane neve mUkanArA Adarzo Apato nathI; e to vAstavane AlekhatAM enI ja AlocanA karI vidrohanI vAta karato lAge che. vartamAnane ke vAstavane mopAsAM ke phlaoNberanI mAphaka buddhithI rajU na karatAM sIdhuM hRdayamAMthI Alekhe che. A nATako koI prAdezika jIvananI kathanI che kharAM, paNa aMte to koI pradezanI viziSTa ke AgavI nahi paNa "mAnava'nI vAta kare che. cekhovanI vizeSane vizvajanIna tattvothI bharI devAnI khUbI ja anokhI che. eNrisToTala nAyaka udAtta hovAnI vAta kare che, paNa ahIM nATakano nAyaka che koNa ? Andra e madhyavartI pAtra che, paNa unheroic che. e eTalo pAmara ane niSkriya che ke ene nAyaka gaNI zakAya ema nathI. to zuM traNa baheno nAyaka che ? eka to nAyaka nArI hoya nahIM ane vaLI emAM paNa traNa nArI ! kharekhara to cekhove takhtA para ekacakrI ANa vartAvatA pAtrane khaseDIne mAnavasamUhanI samagra asara UbhI karI, A pAtromAM ibsananI mAphaka nATakanA prAraMbha pahelAM ke bhUtakALamAM koI Trejika doSa hovAnuM paNa batAvAyuM nathI. pAtro kazAya doSa vinA jIvana parathI kAbU gumAve che. A pAtrono paraspara saMbaMdha spaSTa hovAthI element of surprise jatuM rahe che. nATaka pAtranA koI kAryane vikasAvatuM nathI, mAtra eno gahana abhyAsa karIne emanA saMbaMdhane vadhu UMDANathI Alekhe che. pariNAme pAtro bahAra niSkriya dekhAya, paNa badhAM saMkula AMtarika sakriyatAthI bharelAM che. A nATakamAM koI pAtra nAyakapade birAje tema nathI. kadAca vAtAvaraNane pradhAna mAnIe to nATakanA nAyakanuM pada viSAdane ApI zakAya kharuM !

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zrI sisTarsanA sarjakanI kalA sopholisa, zeksapiyara, moliyara, zilara ane ibsananI peThe kalAkAra cekhova potAnI viziSTa chApavALI raMgabhUmi race che. eNe raziyAnA realistic dramamAM gatizIlatA ANI. raMgabhUmine nATakI tattvathI mukta (detheatralise) karavA badhuM ja karyuM ! uzkerATabharI nATayAtmaka paristhitithI aLago rahyo. emAMnuM badhuM 'bhavya' dUra karyuM. kRtrimatAno tyAga karyo. nATakane vilakSaNa rIte vyaMjanApUrNa banAvyuM. enA AMtarika kAryane samajavA mATe bhAvake nATakanI sapATI bhedIne nIce najara karavAnI rahe che. cekhove thoDAM nATako racyAM hovA chatAM A kalAsvarUpamAM mAnave AtmAnI abhivyaktinI navI zakyatAo pragaTAvIne nATyasAhityamAM AgavuM sthAna meLavyuM che. zabdasaMnidhi cekhovanA nATakanuM vastu ke viSaya jUja lITImAM kahI zakAya. AthI "zrI sisTarsa'ne kuzaLatAthI bhajavanAra 'mAMsko ArTa thiyeTaranA kalAkArone prAraMbhamAM 'A saMpUrNa nATaka karatAM nATakanI rUparekhA che' ema lAgyuM hatuM. anya nATakamAMthI koI prasaMga kADhI laIe to enI AkhI imArata kaDaDabhUsa karatI tUTI paDe. ahIM koI paNa prasaMga kADhI nAkhIe to ya kazo taphAvata paDato nathI. Agano prasaMga kADhI nAkhIye tema chatAM nATakanI AkhI vastu-imArata tUTI paDatI nathI. Aga e vAstavikatAnA eka aMza rUpe AvelI che. jiMdagInA bahAra verAyelA AvA TukaDA nIce eka AMtarika ekatA vahe che. bhAvakane enI saMkalanA mATe sakriya kArya karavAnuM rahe che. banAvonA bhUkhyA ane kAryanI dhamAla cAhanArA prekSakane ahIM nirAza thavuM ja paDaze. cekhova takhtA para koI ja vastu 'mAunTa' karIne mUkato nathI. enAM nATakone saraLatAthI rajU karanAra adAkAra ane digdarzaka sTenistAvastI A vize kahe che : "nATyakRtimAM cekhove AMtarika ane bAhya baMne satya vize pUrNa prabhutva meLaveluM che. A suMdara, kalAtmaka, buddhigrAhya satya AlekhIne teNe raMgabhUminA AMtarika ane bAhya DoLane toDI nAkhyo. e ApaNI sauthI gADha prakRtine oLakhe che. e ApaNA hRdayanA sauthI vadhu gupta khUNAne sparze che. cekhovanA nATakane bhajavavAno DoLa karavA prayatna kare che te bhUla kare che. dareke enA nATakanA bhAgarUpa banI javuM joIe. emAM ekarUpa banavuM joIe. rudhirAbhisaraNamAM bane che tema sUkSma kaLA ane chupAyelA bhAvane anusaravuM joIe.*. cekhovanI raMgabhUmi e enuM AgavuM kalAsarjana hatuM. enA "sIgala' nATakamAM sorinane javAba ApatAM trepalipha kahe che, "Let us have new forms, or else nothing at all.' 2424, * 'Chekhov Plays'. Tr. Elastaveta Fen.

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dha gArDana pArTI' vikhyAta navalikA-lekhikA ketherina mensaphIlDane mAnavacittamAM AvatuM lAgaNInuM ghoDApUra nihALavAmAM rasa che. lAgaNIno dhodha UchaLato hoya evA eka ramaNIya UrmipradezanI lekhikA racanA kare che. sAhajika rIte bhAva-pratibhAva anubhavatA Urmipradezane vAstavika, vyavahAru cIlAcAlu ke sthitisthApaka vizvanA saMdarbhamAM lAvIne mUke che. emAMthI eka sanAtana saMgharSa pragaTa thaI rahe che. praNAlikA ane paraMparA-parasa bAhya jagata sAthenA saMgharSaNamAM Urmivizvane jagatanI viSamatA ane visaMvAditAno Akaro anubhava thAya che. UrmivizvanI pratinidhi samAna vyakti samAjanI bhIMsathI akaLAya che. zakya hoya to samAja sAme jehAda jagAve che. Akhare kaMI nahi to tINI cIsa pADIne paNa potAnuM hradgata pragaTa kare che. AvI vyaktinI vedanA ke jhaMkhanA, svapna ke pIDanane ketherina mensaphIlDa kAvyamayatAthI, kalAmayatAthI kaMDArI Ape che. - A lekhikAnI dha gArDana pArTI' nAmanI navalikAmAM eka nAnakaDI bAlikA laoNrAnuM Urmila, saMvedanazIla ane naisargika Avego anubhavatuM mana vaDIlonA cIlAcAlu, saMvedanA karatAM vyavahAranuM vadhu mahattva AMkatA vizvathI judI judI rIte AghAta pAme che. eka dhanADhya kuTuMbamAM 'gArDana pArTI' yojavAmAM AvI che. jorazorathI enI taiyArI cAlI rahI che. nalikAno ughADa AnaMdotsavanA ullAsapUrNa vAtAvaraNathI thAya che. 'vaLI Rtu. khuzanumA hatI. Avo pavana vinAno, hUMphALo ane nirabhra divasa oNrDara Apyo hota to paNa gArDana pArTIne maLyo na hota. vAdaLI raMganA AkAzamAM unALAnA prAraMbhanA divasomAM kyAreka 13 'dha gArDana pArTI' hoya che tevI AchA sonerI raMganI chAyA patharAyelI hatI... ane gulAba jANe samajatA hoya ke pArTInA lokone te ja prabhAvita karI zake che, kema ke A loko ene ja oLakhe che. seMkaDo, kharekhara seMkaDo (gulAba) eka rAtamAM khIlI UThAM hatAM. devadUto mulAkAta laIne puSpo ApI gayA hoya tema choDa namI paDyA hatA.' vaDIlonA vizva sAthe eka bALakanA mukta manano virodha racAyo che. A vaDIlonuM vizva e duSTa nathI, kaThora paNa nathI. e vizvanuM pratinidhitva karatI laoNrAnI mAtA potAnA bALakanA bhAvo pratye sajAga che. e ja laoNrAne kahe che : "beTA, mane pUchavAno kazo artha ja nathI. A varSe to badhuM (pArTInuM Ayojana) tamane ja soMpavAnuM nakkI karyuM che. bhulI jA ke huM tArI mAtA chuM. mane mAnavaMtA mahemAna tarIke ja gaNaje.' emAMya laoNrAne enI bahena josa Artistic (kalAtmaka) kahIne saMvedanazIla laoNrAnI chabI UbhI kare che. laoNrAne pArTI mATe taMbu laIne AvelA majUro paNa game che. pArTInI ekeeka bAbatamAMthI, nAnI-zI ghaTanAmAMthI paNa, A bALakI keTaloya AnaMda meLave che. ene majUro suMdara lAge che. ane AjanI savAra to ati raLiyAmaNI lAge che ! baeNnDa kevaDuM haze ane kyAM goThavIzuM enI carcA cAle che. evAmAM laoNrAno Teliphona Ave che. TeliphonamAM laoNrAnI eka bahenapaNI pArTI vakhate kevAM vastro paheravAM te vize salAha mArga che. Teliphona paranI enI vAtacIta lekhikA AbehUba utArI zakyAM che. navI haeNTa ane piyAno laoNrAnA AnaMdamAM avidha ANe che. laoNrAnI bahena josane hukama ApavAno zokha che ane nokarone e hukama pALavAno zokha che. kamaLa, puSpo, saeNnDavica, krima-paphsa vagere eka pachI eka Ave che. dareka cIja para TIkA-TippaNa thatAM rahe che. pArTInI goThavaNa thaI rahI hoya tevo bhAva ApaNuM citta anubhave che. 13

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zabdasaMnidhi AvA ullAsamaya vAtAvaraNamAM rasoiyo paDozamAM rahetA ghoDAgADIvALA skoTanA akasmAtathI nIpajelA motanI vAta lAve che. A khabara lAvanAro goDaberano mANasa, pote ja A vAta pUrI jANe che ane e kahevAno potAne ja saMpUrNa adhikAra che, evA garvathI vAta kare che. A ghaTanA kahevAnA potAnA adhikAramAM koInIya ADakhIlI sahevA taiyAra nathI. ghoDAgADIvALA skaoNTanA mRtyuthI Ane lavaleza AdhAta thayo nathI. e to A ghaTanAnI potAne ja jANakArI hovAthI potAnI jAtane gauravavaMtI jue che. vArtAnA pravAhamAM vacce ja mAnavamananA eka chUpA khUNAne lekhikA ajavALI de che. A samAcAra sAMbhaLIne laoNrAne thAya che ke have pArTI baMdha rAkhavI paDaze. paDozamAM ja koInuM mRtyu thayuM hoya pachI pArTI kevI rIte yojI zakAya ? laoNrAne jIvananI kaThora vAstavikatAno A pahelo ja paricaya thAya che. paNa laoNrAnI vAta enI bahena josa samajI zakatI nathI. e to Azcaryacakita thaIne kahe che- 'zuM gArDana pArTI baMdha rAkhavI ? vahAlI laoNrA, ATalI badhI behUdI vAta na karIza. ApaNI pAse koI AvI apekSA rAkhatuM nathI. ATalA badhA lAgaNIveDA karIza nahIM.' laoNrAnA gharanA mukhya daravAjAnA cheka nIcenA pagathiyAnI sAmI bAjue ja A mAnavInI jhUMpaDI AvI hatI. e jhUMpaDI kharekhara najIka hatI. laoNrAne vicAra thAya che ke baeNnDanA sUro e bicArI kamanasIba garIba bAIne kevA lAgaze ? paNa enI bahena josa to kahe che ke baeNnDa nahIM vagADavAthI ke pArTI baMdha rAkhavAthI kaMI gujarI gayelo mAnavI jIvato thavAno nathI ! bAlikA laoNrA enI mAtA pAse doDI jAya che. paNa laoNrAnI mAtA zrImatI zeriDana mATe ghoDAgADIvALAnuM mRtyu koI AghAta ke AzcaryanI bAbata nathI. ene to ema paNa samajAtuM nathI ke 18 'dha gArDana pArTI' e uMdara jevAM gharomAM A mANaso jIvatA haze kevI rIte ? e gharomAM jIvavuM e ja moTI navAI che. kharI viSamatA to ahIMyAM che ke A lokonA sAmAjika starano koI mAnavI seMkaDo mAIla dUra marI gayo hota to paNa pArTI baMdha rahI hota. emaNe racelA sAmAjika sImADAnI bahAra rahelo A garIba mAnavI game teTalo paDozamAM hoya paNa enA motathI kaMI utsavanA AnaMdamAM bhaMga karAya kharo ? paDozamAM vasatA e ghoDAgADIvALA skaoNTanuM astitva hoya ke na hoya, teno A lokone mana koI artha ja nathI. laoNrAne enI mAtAnI dalIla gaLe UtarI nathI. evAmAM enI mAtA ene suMdara haeNTa paherAve che. e haeNTa paherIne laoNrA darpaNamAM jue che, to e potAnA manorama dekhAvamAM DUbI jAya che. laoNrAnA manamAM pArTInuM AkarSaNa vadhavA lAge che. suMdara haeNTa paherIne pArTImAM mahAlavA maLe, te mATe potAnI mAtAnI vAta sAcI hoya, ema manathI icche che. evAmAM laoNrAnI najara pelA mRta mAnavInI patnI, enAM bALako ane jhUMpaDImAM laI javAtA ghoDAgADIvALAnA mRtadeha para paDe che, paNa ene chApAmAM joyelA citranI jema avAstavika mAnIne pArTIno ja vicAra karavA mAMDe che. A bAlikA ATalI jaldIthI pArTI cAlu rAkhavAnuM svIkArI le che, te saheja khUMce che kharuM. samAjanI jaDatA vacce ene AMsu vahAvatI rAkhI hota to e vadhu yogya na gaNAta ? dhIre dhIre AmaMtrito AvavA lAge che. suMdara haeNTathI laoNrA speniza jevI jaNAya che tevA vakhANa paNa thAya che. kharuM sUcana to e che ke je laoNrA pelI garIba bAIne keTaluM duHkha thaze ema dhArIne baeNnDa baMdha rakhAvavAnI vAta karatI hatI. e ja bAlikA have baeNnDavALAne pINuM ApavA mATe potAnA pitAne vinaMtI kare che. laoNrAnA pitA zeriDana pArTI pUrI thayA pachI akasmAtanI vAta kare che. e kahe che ke 19

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zabdasaMnidhi e garIba mAnavI pariNIta hato. aDadho Dajhana jeTalAM bALako ane patnIne nirAdhAra choDIne cAlyo gayo ! tarata ja zrImatI zeriDana pelA garIbane tyAM mIThAI mokalavAno 'brilliant idea' Ape che. ahIM eka kaTAkSa paNa che ke zrImaMtanI hamadardI AthI vadhu zuM ApI zake ? laoNrA kahe che ke pArTInuM vadheluM ene ApavuM e yogya che ? tarata ja enI mAtA enA para gusse thAya che. e kahe che ke kalAka-be kalAke pahelAM A garIba tarapha sahAnubhUti dharAvavAnuM kahetI hatI ane atyAre e sahAnubhUti kyAM jatI rahI ? laoNrA mIThAInI TopalI sAthe ghara choDe che. sAthosAtha pArTIno AnaMda, ThaThThAmazkarI, cuMbana, khakhaDatA camacAo ane kapAyelA ghAsanI gaMdha pAchaLa rahI jAya che. e eka navA ja vizvamAM praveze che. nAnA, surekha varNanathI lekhikA bIjA vAtAvaraNane racI de che. mRta vyaktinI jhUMpaDImAM pravezatI vakhate laoNrAnA manamAM jAgatA vividha bhAvonI lIlA lekhikAe kalAmaya rIte batAvI che. eka jIvatI chokarI mRtyunA jagatamAM jatI jaNAya che. laoNrA maranAranI patnI pAse Ave che. vAtAvaraNamAM viSAda to che ja, paNa enI sAthe eka bAlikAnI jijJAsA paNa taravare che. laoNrA sUvAnI oraDImAM Ave che ane mRta mAnavIne nihALe che. bIjA mRtyuthI DaghAI gayA che, tyAre laoNrA eka prakArano romAMca ane jijJAsA anubhave che. A bAlikAne e mRta mAnavI Avo lAge che- 'tyAM eka yuvAna mANasa sUto hatogADha nidrAmAM. e nidrA eTalI UMDI ane gahana hatI ke e, baMnethI (laoNrA ane zrImatI kaoNTanI bahenathI) khUba dUra hato. oha, ati dUra ane prazAMta. e svapnasRSTimAM viharato hato. ene kadI uThADazo nahIM. enuM mAthuM ozIkAmAM khUMpeluM hatuM. enI AMkho baMdha hatI. biDAyelAM popacAM 'dha gArDana pATI' pAchaLa paNa e biDAyelI hatI. eNe potAnI jAta svapnone soMpI dIdhI hatI. gArDana pArTIo, (mIThAInI) TopalIo ane lesavALA phraoNkanuM ene zuM ? te A badhAMthI dUra hato. e adbhuta lAgato hato, suMdara lAgato hato.' bALakamananI AturatAne mRta vyaktino dekhAva 'adbhuta paNa lAge ! anya loko mRtyune kAraNe mUDha banyA che, tyAre laoNrA ene sAhajikatAthI laIne mRtyu-jIvanano artha khoLavA mathe che. laoNrA AMsubhInI AMkhe jhUMpaDImAMthI bahAra nIkaLI jAya che. vArtAne aMte jIvana vizenA eka navA anubhavane laIne bahAra AvelI laoNrA dekhAya che. A navalikAnI ghaTanA to sAva sAmAnya che. paDozamAM koI marI jAya to kaMI utsava baMdha rAkhavAmAM Avato nathI. jagatamAM ghaNuM binaMgata - impersonal cAle che, to pachI eka zrImaMtane tyAM yojAyelI pArTI paDozamAM vasatA garIbanA kamotathI baMdha rahe kharI ? A vArtA A sAmAnya ghaTanAmAMthI eka bIjA guNane lIdhe ciraMjIva saMtarpakatA meLave che. A navalikAmAM A ghaTanA karatAM vizeSa to laoNrAnA citta para thatI ghaTanAnI asara nirUpavAmAM AvI che. e reactionthI ja navalikAnI action cAle che. eka bALakane e khabara nathI ke jagata ATaluM badhuM impersonal haze ! bALaka eka saMvedanazIla, kAvyamaya, UrmizIla ane lAgaNIothI tarabatara evuM vizva laIne Ave che. ene jIvananI ekeeka paLa mANavAnI icchA hoya che. enA bhAva-pratibhAva nibaMdha khaLakhaLATa vahetA jharaNAnI jema cittamAM vahetA hoya che. AvI sAhajika, yathecchAbhramaNa karanArI bALakanI vRtti ke jijJAsA prasthApita rUDhi ane rItarasama dharAvatA samAjanA saMgharSamAM Ave che. samAjane koThe paDI gayelI jaDatA bALakane korI khAya che.

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zabdasaMnidhi lekhikAnI kuzaLatA e che ke teo vaDIlonA vizva para paNa kyAMya prahAra karatA nathI. emanI icchA to bhAvanAnI rIte cAlatI sorAba-rustamI tarapha AMgaLI cIMdhavAnI che. bALakanI sAhijaka ane naisargika lAgaNIne, enA uchaLATane cIlAcAlu samAja kevI rIte rUMdhe che, te te batAve che. ethI ya vadhu mahattvanI bAbata e che ke AvI Urmio saMskArI samAjamAM rUMdhAya che. laoNrAnI mAtA samajadAra che. putrInA bhAvonI pArakhu che. e ja laoNrAne mIThAInI TopalI laIne mokale che. AthI eka paNa pAtranA bhoge lekhikA bIjA pAtrane UjaLuM batAvatAM nathI; chatAM samAjanI kaThora-naThora vAstavikatA hUbahU khaDI karI de che. eka tarapha AnaMdano utsava hoya che to bIjI tarapha mAtama paNa hoya che. eka bAju khaDakhaDATa hAsya gAje che, to bIjI bAju pAMdaDuM ya na pharake tevuM viSAdanuM stabdha vAtAvaraNa hoya che. jIvanamAM sukha-duHkha, AnaMda-viSAda, harSa-zoka, janma-mRtyu jevI avasthAo hAthamAM hAtha milAvIne ekasAthe cAlatI ja hoya che. AvI visaMvAditAne ApaNe jANIe chIe kharA, paNa TALI zakatA nathI. mAnava mATe anivArya kahIe to anivArya ane nirupAya kahIe to nirupAya evI A eka sthiti che. A navalikAmAM jo koI villain hoya to te AvI paristhiti che. ketherina mensaphIlDa bAlikA laoNrAnuM vizva AbehUba sarjI zakyAM che. enA Avego sAhajika rIte AlekhyA che. e jIvanane jANavA mathe che. jIvanano ene eka anubhava maLe che, paNa hajI te jIvanane pAmI nathI. jIvanano marma pAmavAnI laoNrAnI mUMjhavaNa to aMta lagI TakI rahe che. laoNrAnI sahAnubhUtine utsavamAM DUbelAoe avagaNI. e ja rIte mRtyuthI DaghADI gayelA lokone joIne paNa e AghAta anubhave che. AmAM jIvananuM pratIka chupAyuM che. mukta rIte vahetuM jharaNuM eka kAMThe 22 'dha gArDana pArTI' nahIM, paNa baMne kAMThe athaDAIne pAchuM paDe che. A AghAtathI laoNrA DaghAI gaI nathI. duHkha ane vyathA pachI ya ene jIvanamAM rasa che. jIvana prati lavaleza tiraskAra ke ghRNA janmyAM nathI. AghAta pAmyA pachI ya jIvanamAM rasa TakI rahe te vyakti lekhe eno moTo vijaya lekhAya. laoNrA amuka ja rIte jiMdagIne jonArI chokarI nathI. badhAM mRtyunA viSAdathI gherAyAM che. mATe pote ya viSAdano AMcaLo oDhI letI nathI. enA citta para je viSAda jhaLUbe che te to vaDIloe batAvelAM valaNa ane vartanathI jAgelo viSAda che. A navalikAmAM laoNrAnI bhalAI actionthI batAvavAmAM AvI che, kyAMya eno ahevAla apAto nathI. AkhA ya kathApaTa para A bAlikA jANe vArtAtaMtu laIne haratI-pharatI hoya evI lAge che. e jiMdagIno artha pAmatI nathI, paNa eno paDakAra svIkAre che. enI lAgaNIzIlatA, saMvedanazIlatA ane jIvana jIvavAnI utkaMThA dekhAI Ave che. bhAvacittane moTI thayelI laoNrAne jovAno abharakho rahe ja. zuM e moTI thaIne zrImatI zeriDana jevI ja samAjanI rUDhine svIkAratI thaI haze ? evI nahIM thaI hoya to samAjanA bhISaNa AdhAto vacce A saMvedanazIla bAlikA kevI rIte TakI rahI haze ? be-traNa vAkyomAM pragaTa thatI pAtranI chabI, TUMkA, saraLa ane manorama varNanathI sAkAra thatI bhAvaparisthiti, najare na paDe teTalI svAbhAvikatAthI thatI bhAvasaMkrAMti, pAtramAM dimAgane akSata jALavIne karAyeluM navalikAnuM kAvyamaya Alekhana, Dagale ne pagale pragaTa thatI jIvananI visaMvAditA ane bhAvacittamAM cAlatI sUcanonI vaNathaMbhI zodha vArtAne UMce Asane besADe che. 23

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rAjA" (kiMga oNpha dha DArka caeNmbara) kavivara ravIndranAtha ThAkure emanAM vicAra, bhAvanA, anubhava ane ethI ya vizeSa philasUphInA nUtana vizvane nATakanA kalAsvarUpamAM AkArabaddha karavA prayatna karyo. takhtAne gAjato rAkhe tevA nATyavastuvALI athavA pratApI pAtronAM karuNa-bhavya cittadhamasANane nirUpatI pazcimanAM nATakonI asaravALI baMgALI raMgabhUmi para ravIndranAthanI pratibhA sAva navI ja dizAmAM prayANa Adare che. emaNe prekSakagaNane rIjhavavA nATakonI racanA karI nahIM, paNa AvAM nATakothI rijhAya evo sajja prekSakavarga taiyAra karyo. A nATaka bhajavanArane paNa ravIndranAthanI philasUphI temaja saMgIta, nRtya ane anya kalAomAMthI emane sAMpaDelI preraNA pArakhavAnI anivArya jarUra rahe che, saraLa vyaktitvamAM vahetA gahana arthane samajavo paDe che. vIsa varSanI vaye ravIndranAthe 'vAlmIki-pratibhAno oNperA lakhyo. thoDA mahinA pachI 'rudra caMDa' nAmanuM moTA phalakavALuM nATaka racyuM ane e pachI jIvananA aMta lagI nATyalekhana ane bhajavaNI te karatA rahyA. cALIsathI paNa vadhAre nATako lakhanAra ravIndranAthanAM badhAM nATako 'nATaka'nI pracalita vibhAvanAmAM besatAM nathI; Ama chatAM A badhAM vaividhya ane guNavattAnI dRSTie ravIndranAtha ThAkurane eka agraNI nATayakAra Therave tevAM che kharAM. kavivare potAnI jIvana-philasUphI rUpakAtmaka nATakanA ghATamAM utArI che. A prakAranAM nATako lakhanAra koI purogAmI, sAhityajagatamAM zodhyo jaDato nathI. ravIndranAthanAM rUpakAtmaka nATakomAM 'rAjA' e atyaMta sUkSma ane eTaluM ja AkarSaka nATaka che. rAjA" (kiMga oNpha dha DArka cembara) 'kuzajAtaka' nAmanA bauddha jAtakanI kathA-mATImAMthI ravIndranAthe manorama vastu-mUrti ghaDI che; eka sAmAnya kathAne gUDha, AdhyAtmika dhvani dharAvatI, sugrathita kathAmAM palaTI nAkhI che. 'rAjA'nA kathAvastu sAthe, senTa oNgasTinanA 'The Confessions', DAnTenA 'The Vita Nuova', viliyama blekanA 'The Marriage of Heaven and Hell' athavA phrAMsisa thomsananA 'The Hound of Heaven' sAthe thoDuM sAmya che, paNa 'rAjA'nA kathAvastu para ekeno kazo prabhAva nathI. kavivaranAM A prakAranAM nATakonI meTaralikanAM static theatrenA khyAlane vyakta karatAM pratIkAtmaka nATakonI sAthe sarakhAmaNI karavAmAM Ave che. khuda ravIndranAthe paNa A nATyasarjakanI asara taLe A nATako racAyAnI vAta karI che. "rAjA" ane "DAkaghara' karatAM ravIndranAthanAM bIjAM nATako meTaralikanI vadhu najIka lAge che. paraMtu meTaralikamAM nATyavastu e mAtra vicAranI bhUmikA upara rahe che; jyAre ravIndranAtha ThAkura nATyavastune vicAranI sAthosAtha kriyAnI bhUmikA para - dynamic level para - lAvIne mUke che. meTaralike prayojeluM rUpaka ghaNI vAra koI saMvedanazIla bALakanA taraMga jevuM lAge che temaja eNe AlekheluM rahasya kRtimAMthI svayaMbhUpaNe pragaTa thatuM nathI, jyAre ravIndranAthanuM nATaka vAstavika jIvana sAthe gADha anusaMdhAna dharAve che. kavino eka paga dharatI para che ane ethI ja philosophical abstractionne vAstavika jIvana sAthe teo sAMdhI de che. 'rAjA mAM dharatI ane svarga joDAya che. kAlidAse 'zAkuMtala'mAM judI rIte ane vadhu kalAtmakatAthI dharatI ane svarganuM milana sAdhyuM che. ravIndranAtha ThAkuranAM nATakomAM emanI "jIvanadevatA' vizenI

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zabdasaMnidhi philasUphInuM ja praphullana jovA maLe che. kavivaranI satyanA AviSkAranI paddhati apUrva che, teTalI ja sahaja ane manohara paNa che. kavitAnI kamanIyatA ane prakRtidarzanano akhUTa asabAba emanA A sarjanamAM savizeSa pratIta thAya che. AtmA-paramAtmA ke mAnava-IzvaranA gUDha ane amUrta saMbaMdhane lagatI gaMbhIra paryeSaNA prema, milana, yauvana ke iMdriyAnaMda jevI ullAsasabhara mAnavIya lAgaNIonA saMpuTamAM goThavAIne Ave che. ajavALAmAM potAnA svAmInA rUpane nIrakhavAnI AturatA ('rAjA') athavA to bArIethI jagatane jotA bALaka ('DAkaghara')nI sAhajika-sAmAnya vAtamAM kavi gUDha rahasyane chupAvI daI zake che. kavinI vizeSatA e che ke AmAMnA koI eka pAtrane potAnA darzananuM vAhana banAvyA vagara nATakanA UghaDavA ane khIlavAnI sAthedivasanI sAthe sUrya prakAzanI je ma-pAtrone sahaja paNe pragaTa karatA rahe che. | 'rAjA' nATakanA mukhya pAtra rAjAnuM atyaMta saMkula ane * *mArAM sArAM-naraso, enuM kula-pratikUla upakaraNathI jIvanane raye janAra e kavine ja meM mArA kAvyamAM 'jI vanadevatA' nAma ApyuM che. e mAtra mArA ihe jIvananA samasta khaMDone e ktA apane vizvanI sAthe enuM sAmaMjasya sthApI Ape che eTaluM ja nathI; huM jANuM chuM ke anAdi kALathI ane kavidha vistRta avasthAnomAM thaIne eNe mArI nA vartamAna abhivyakti sudhI mane lAvI mUkyo che - e vizvamAM thaIne vahetI astitvanI dhArAnI bRhat smRti enuM avalaMbana laIne, mArAthI gocare, mArAmAM rahI che. tethI ja jagatanAM taru-latA pazu-pakSI sAthe huM eka prakAranuM purAtana aikya anubhavI zakuM chuM. tethI ja to ATaluM moTuM rahasyamaya virATe jagata mane anAtmIya ke bhISaNa lAgatuM nathI.' rAjA" (kiMga oNpha dha DArka cembara) rUpakAtmaka pAtra samajavA mATe ravIndranAthanI philasUphI samajavI jarUrI banaze. ravIndranAthe baMgALanA madhyakALanA vaiSNava UrmikavionI kavitAnuM AkaMTha pAna karyuM hatuM. e madhura ane samarpaNanI bhAvanA dharAvatAM gItomAM vyakta thayelA vaiSNava matanI sAthe ravIndranAthanI zivanI kalpanA bhaLe che. vaiSNavo kRSNane kahyuM che tema ravIndranAtha vairAgI zivane gopALa mAne che. kALanA DaMkha samA divasonAM ToLAMne hAMkanAra A mahAkAla komaLamAM komaLa che ane kaThoramAM kaThora paNa che. e mahAkAla ke zAzvata tattva mAtra madhura nathI, karAla paNa che. emanAM kAvyomAM Izvara vizenA A ja bhAvanuM guMjana TheraThera jovA maLe che. eka hAta Ara kRpAchA Ache Ara eka hIte hAra, o je bhege che tore dvAra." 'enA eka hAthamAM talavAra che ne bIjA hAthamAM hAra che. eNe tAruM bAraNuM bhAMgI nAkhyuM che.' AthI aMdhArA oraDAnA rAjAnA dhvaja mAM padmaphUlanI vacce vaja AlekhAyuM che. jIvane mATe A ziva-rAjA aMdhArA oraDAmAM saMtADelo che. e badhe ja che, chatAM je ene pArakhI zakatA nathI enA mATe kyAMya nathI. A vizvano rAjA dRSTigocara thato nathI, ema sAcI zraddhA dharAvanAra mATe e dRSTi-atIta paNa nathI, jagatanA aNue aNumAM eno aNasAra che, paNa je carmacakSuthI ene pakhavAnI icchA rAkhe che tene pAra vinAnI vibhrAMti ane viDaMbanAmAMthI pasAra thavuM paDe che. je 'narI AMkhe' jovAnI bAbata na hatI ene narI AMkhe jovA jatAM rANI - 2vIndranAtha dhakura 1. 'gItavitAna', pR. 482

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zabdasaMnidhi sudarzanAe aparaMpAra Apattio UbhI karI. paramAtmAnA apAra aizvaryane 'huMpada ' rAkhIne mAnavI pAmI zakato nathI, jyAre e karavatuM tanmathI mat - zara jema lakSyamAM bilakula lIna thaI jAya tema paramAtmAmAM lIna bane che ke ApoApa paramAtmAnA aDhaLaka sauMdaryanI pratIti kare che. rANI sudarzanAne aMdhArA oraDAmAM maLatA rAjAnA je rUpane jovAnI utkaTa kAmanA che te koI batAvatuM nathI. sahu koI addezya rahelA rAjAnI vibhUti vize ahobhAva pragaTa kare che. rANI sudarzanA aMdhArA oraDAnI sevikA dAsI suraMgamAne potAnA rAjAnA rUpa vize pUche che, to suraMgamAM kahe che 'jyAre bApanI pAsethI vachoDIne mane temanI pAse laI gayA tyAre mane kevA bhayAnaka lAgyA hatA ! mAruM AkhuM mana evuM vimukha thaI gayuM ke ADI najare paNa temanA tarapha jovAnuM mana thatuM nahIM. tyAra pachI atyAre evuM thayuM che ke jyAre savAranA pahoramAM temane praNAma karuM chuM tyAre temanA paga taLenI bhoMya tarapha ja joI rahuM chuM. ane manamAM thAya che ke mAre ATaluM basa che, mArI AMkha sArthaka thaI gaI. rANI sudarzanAe enI mAtAne pUchayuM, to e kahe ke jozIoe kahyuM che ke e advitIya che, paNa ghUmaTAmAMthI emane barAbara jovA ja pAmI nathI. pachI rAjAnA rUpa vize zuM kahI zake ? sAmAnya nArInI jema ja zaMkA, roSa, AnaMda, Avega ke ullAsa dharAvatI rANI sudarzanAnI jijJAsA vadhu utkaTa bane che. potAnA rAjAnA rUpa vize keTalIya chAnI-chAnI madhura kalpanAo teNe ghaDI kADhI 'rAjA' (kiMga oNpha dha DArka cembara) che. A kalpanA UrmikavinuM hRdaya pragaTa kare che. sAthe je manamAM eka che, paNa bahAra asaMkhyarUpe anubhavAya che tevA rAjAnA asparya ane apAra rUpano paNa khyAla Ape che. rANI sudarzanA rAjAnA rUpa vize kahe che- 'e kaMI eka prakAranuM rUpa nathI ! navavarSAnA divasomAM jalabharyA methI AkAzane chevADe vananI rekhA jyAre nibiDa banI jAya che, tyAre huM beThI beThI manamAM vicAra karuM chuM ke mArA rAjAnuM rUpa kadAca AvuM haze AvuM jhUkI AveluM, AvuM DhAMkI denAruM, AvuM AMkha ThAranAruM, AvuM hRdaya bharanAruM, AMkhanuM popacuM AvuM ja chAyAmaya, mukhanuM hAsya AvuM ja gaMbhIratAmAM DUbeluM. vaLI, zaradaRtumAM AkAzano paDado jyAre dUra UDIne cAlyo jAya che tyAre ema thAya che ke tame snAna karIne tamAre zephAlivanane mArge thaIne jaI rahyA cho, tamArA gaLAmAM kaMda phUlanI mALA che, tamArI chAtI upara zveta caMdananI chApa che, tamAre mAthe bArIka sapheda vastrono pheMTo che, tamArI AMkhanI dRSTi digaMta upara ja DAyelI che tyAre mane ema thAya che ke tame mArA pathika mitra cho.... ane vasaMtaRtumAM jyAre A AkhuM vana raMge raMge raMgAyuM che tyAre atyAre huM tamane jouM chuM to kAne kuMDaLa, hAthe aMgada, zarIre vAsaMtI raMganuM uttarIya, hAthamAM azokanI maMjarI, tAne tAne tamArI vINAnA badhA sonAnA tAro jhaNajhaNI UDyA che.' paNa rANIne A vividha ane suMdara rUpo karatAM potAnA rAjAnA ramaNIya dehane nIrakhavAnuM kutUhala che. nirAkAra Izvara carmacakSuthI jovAya kevI rIte ? dAsI suraMgamAM yogya ja kahe che ke tame jovAnI AturatA choDI dezo eTale tarata rAjA dekhAze. paNa rANInI jijJAsA adamya hatI. e to kutUhala zamAvye ja chUTako kare tema hatI. Akhare rANIne rAjAnuM rUpa jovA maLe che. Aga vakhate rUpa-ghelI rANI rAjAnuM bihAmaNuM kALuM rUpa joIne kaMpI uThe che. rAjAne tajIne 2. 'ravIndranAthanAM nATako' khU. 1, pR. 71. prastuta lekhamAM zrI nagInadAsa pArekhe karelA "rAjA" nATakanA gujarAtI anuvAdano upayoga karyo che.

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zabdasaMnidhi e pitRgRhe cAlI jAya che. sudarzanAnA pitA pratiSThAbhraSTa putrIne svIkAravA taiyAra nathI. patikulano saMbaMdha choDIne AvelI sudarzanAnA hAtha mATe kAMcI, kaliMga, vidarbha, kozala vagere dezanA rAjAo Ave che. A samaye rAjA enI khabara levA ya AvatA nathI. sudarzanA enI dAsI suraMgamAne enA rAjAnI kaThoratA vize kaThora zabdomAM saMbhaLAve che. vipattine samaye pArthiva rAjAonI mAphaka ene sadehe bacAvavA nahIM AvanAra rAjA vizenI enI zraddhA DagI jAya che. chevaTe bIjA rAjAone harAvIne cAlyA janArA A rAjAne sudarzanA 'vIratvano DoLa karanAra' kahe che. azraddhAthI bharelI rANInuM mAnasa kasoTImAM tavAIne parivartana pAme che. sudarzanAno AtmA zAzvata sauMdaryane 'najare' nIrakhavA mATe nahIM, paNa ene pAmavA, mANavA ke emAM lIna thavA mATe kAMcanazuddhinI prakriyAmAMthI pasAra thAya che. yAtanA ane paritApane pariNAme ja zAzvata sauMdarya pamAya che. kALAza joIne DaranArI sudarzanAne kALAzanA rUpanI khabara paDe che. rAjAnI vATa jotAM jotAM mRtyune bheTavA taiyAra thayelI sudarzanA kahe che-- 'bhale mRtyu AvatuM, AvavA do--te tamArA jevuM ja kALuM che, tamArA jevuM ja suMdara che, tamArI peThe ja tene paNa mana harI letAM AvaDe che. te tame ja cho, tame ja cho." suvarNanA banAvaTI rUpano khyAla AvatAM sudarzanA enI AMkhe bAjhelI rUpanI kALapa rAjAnA kALA rUpamAM DubADIne dhovA cAhe che. enuM 'huM' marI jAya che. rANIno mahimA enA manamAMthI sarI jAya che. e dAsI pAse AzIrvAda mAge che ane have icche che-- 'pelA aMdhArA oraDAmAMnI icchA-jovAnI nahIM, nIrakhavAnI nahIM, mAtra gaMbhIramAM potAne choDI devAnI icchA ! suraMgamA, tuM evo 30 'rAjA' (kiMga oNpha dha DArka cembara) AzIrvAda Apa jethI ' rAjAnI rAha jotI sudarzanA AkhI rAta bArI pAsenI dhULamAM ALoTatI ALoTatI raDI. madane ogALI nAkhatA vINAnA sUrane sAMbhaLI rANI vicAre che ke je niSThura hoya enA kaThora hAthe Avo kAlAvAlAbharyo svara vAge kharo ? rANI rathamAM besIne rAjA pAse pAchI pharavA mAgatI nathI. je mArge thaIne rAjAthI dUra AvI te mArganI badhI dhULa pote khUMdI vaLaze tyAre ja potAnuM prayANa sArthaka gaNAze, ema ene lAge che. potAne rANIno pozAka jaino mahimA agAu keTalI ya vAra gAtI hatI te choDAvIne dAsIno pozAka paherAvI haLavI phUla jevI banAvI te mATe rAjA tarapha kRtajJatA vyakta kare che. have to e anubhave che-- Ami tomAra pramera patnI aii to AmAra mAna. 'huM tamArI premapAtra patnI chuM, e ja mAruM mAna che.' garvanuM AvaraNa dUra thatAM sudarzanAnuM Aja lagI DhAMkyuM raheluM anokhuM rUpa pragaTa thAya che. rAjAne e sAce rUpe oLakhe che. sudarzanA kahe che-- 'sudarzanA: mArA pramodavanamAM, mArA rANInA khaMDamAM meM tamane jovAnI icchA karI hatI eTale ja tame mane AvA virUpa lAgyA hatA-- tyAM tamArA dAsano adhama dAsa paNa tamArA karatAM AMkhane vadhAre suMdara lAge che. tamane e rIte jovAnI icchA have lagAre rahI nathI. tame suMdara nathI, prabhu, suMdara nathI; anupama cho. have jIvAtmA ane paramAtmA nokhA rahyA nathI. mAnavaAtmA ane zAzvata paramAtmAnuM milana racAyuM che ane te ya kevuM bhavya milana ! 31

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zabdasaMnidhi rAjA : tArAmAM ja mArI upamAM rahelI che. sudarzanA: jo hoya to te paNa anupama che. mArAmAM tamAro prema che, te premamAM ja tamArI chAyA paDe che, temAM ja tame tamAruM potAnuM rUpa pote jovA pAmo cho. emAM mAruM kazuM nathI, e tamAruM ja rAjA : Aje A aMdhArA oraDAnAM dvAra tadana kholI nAkhuM chuM. ahIMnI lIlA pUrI thaI. Ava, have mArI sAthe Ava, bahAra cAla--prakAzamAM. sudarzanA: jatA pahelAM mArA aMdhakAranA prabhune, mArA niSpharane, mArA bhayAnakane praNAma karI lauM.' mi milana aMdhArA oraDAmAM ja thAya che. mAnavaAtmA enA aMtarAtmAmAM ja-aMdhArA oraDAmAM Izvarane pekhI zake che, pAmI zake che. aMdhAro oraDo ane enA prabhunuM kALuM sauMdarya mAtra jIvanarahasya ja gopavIne beThuM nathI. A aMdhakAra pAse to vara-vadhUnA milanane yogya bhUmikA racavAnuM sAmarthya che. yAtanA ane paritApa anubhavIne pArthiva maryAdAone pAra karI gayelo sudarzanAno mAnavaAtmA prabhumilana IzvarasvarUpa pAme che. A nibiDa aMdhakAramAM IzvaranI hAjarI 'narI AMkhe' nihALAtI nathI, paNa anubhavAya che. vAjAM, ghoghATa, ADaMbara, mahimA, dhAmadhUma ke dhULa uDADatI savArI vinAno A rAjA hRdayanI UMDI guhAmAM ja pAmI zakAya. ame te tena tanya: - e kahenArA upaniSadanA RSinI ja vAta eka rIte ravIndranAthe karI nathI ? vaLI ravIndranAtha ThAkura mAne che ke prakAza ane aMdhakAra, ramaNIya ane bhayAvaha vacce mULagata virodha nathI. A badhAM gatizIla jIvanamAM pragaTatI vividha sUrAvalio jevAM che. AvuM virodhI dekhAtAM tattvomAM eka sanAtana saMvAda vahI rahyo che. milana thayA pachI khuda rAjA rAjA" (kiMga oNpha dha DArka cembara) Izva--ja , aMdhArA oraDAnI lIlA pUrI thaI, ema kahIne rANIne potAnI sAthe bahAra prakAzamAM laI jAya che. duniyAmAM to ajavALuM che, paraMtu jyAM sudhI hRdayamAM prakAza thato nathI tyAM sudhI duniyAnuM ajavALuM dekhAtuM nathI. A bhAvanAnA manohara paDaghA ApaNA kavi raNachoDanA eka bhajanamAM anubhavAya che * ja DI pheMcI ne UghaDyuM tALuM thayuM bhomaMDaLamAM ajavALuM re, dilamAM dIvo karo, re dIvo karo." iMdriyagrAhya sauMdarya ane AtmasauMdarya e sAva nokhI bAbato che. iMdriyagrAhya sauMdaryanuM pratIka daMbhI suvarNamAM jovA maLe che. A rAjyamAM koI rAjA nathI, mATe suvarNa rAjaveza dhAraNa kare che. paraMtu rAjavaMzano aMcaLo ene ja bhAre paDI jAya che. AmAMthI bahAra nIkaLavA suvarNa prayatna kare che, paNa pote khodelA khADAmAMthI bahAra nIkaLI zakato nathI, rUpe sohAmaNA suvarNamAM harine mAraga cAlavAnI zUravIratAno sarvathA abhAva che. sarvavyApI rAjAno anubhava A suvarNane thAya che. 'paNathI Izvarane oLakhato suvarNa kahe che ke e 'paNa' dekhAtuM nathI, paraMtu enI AgaLathI salAmata rIte bhAgI chUTavAnI jagyA jagatamAM kyAMya nathI. Akhare banAvaTI, rAjavezadhArI suvarNa--iMdrigrAhya sauMdarya-zUnyamAM laya pAme che. kAMcIno rAjA adRzya rAjAnA astitvano inkAra kare che, paNa suvarNa jevo daMbhI nathI. mAtra adRzya dRzya na thAya tyAM sudhI ene svIkAravA e taiyAra nathI. enI 3. eDavarDa thomsana ardhI prajAsattAkano asAra jue che ane samakAlIna rAjakIya pravAhothI alipta rahenArA ravIndranAthanI pratibhAnuM krAMtadarzana jue che, paNa AvA Alekhana pAchaLa ravIndranAthano rAja kIya karatAM AdhyAtmika rahasyapUrNa hetu vadhAre lAge che.

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zabdasaMnidhi mahAnatAno anubhava thatAM ja kAMcIno rAjavI enuM zaraNa le che. banAvaTI suvarNa nAza pAme che, jyAre kAMcIno rAjA Izvarano Adara pAme che. A rUpakAtmaka nATakamAM vaparAyelAM rUpako e dharma-rUpako che. dAsya, sakhya ane madhura rasathI thatI Izvara-sAdhanAne anukrame dAsI suraMgamA, ThAkuradA ane rANI sudarzanAthI pragaTa karI che. mAnavamanamAM paLavAra zraddhA jAge, cheka Izvarano anAdara ane inkAra karavA sudhI pahoMcI jAya, tevI sthiti A traNe e anubhavI hatI. madhura rasanI sAdhanA sauthI kaThina hovAnA pratIkarUpa sudarzanA sauthI vadhu kaSTa sahana kare che. suraMgamAnA dArUDiyA ane jugArI bApane rAjAe dezanikAlanI sajA karI tyAre suraMgamAnA mananI evI bhAvanA jAgI hatI ke A rAjAne koI mArI nAkhe to sAruM. e ja dAsI ahaMbhAva gALIne adbhuta ane Azcaryamaya evA rAjAnI sevA karavAno adhikAra meLave che. ThAkuradAnA eka pachI eka pAMce dIkarA marI gayA ane rAjAne bAraNe Akho divasa mahenata karavA chatAM be paisAnuM ya inAma maLatuM nathI, topaNa ThAkuradA rAjAne potAno mitra mAnIne gaurava anubhave che. upare samaye Izvara ja mAnavaAtmAne madada kare che. rANI sudarzanAnA mAnavaAtmAne AgamAMthI ugAravAnuM kAma rAjavezI suvarNa nahIM, paNa sAco rAjA ja kare che. dAsI suraMgamAM kahe che ke vipatti veLAe A sAco rAjA sadA pAse ja rahe che. Aga veLAe anya mAnavIo ane prANIo bAgamAMthI bahAra nIkaLI jAya che, tenI pAchaLanuM sAcuM preraNAbaLa sAco rAjA ja che. pitAne tyAM vaselI rAjA" (kiMga oNpha dha DArka cembara) sudarzanAne enI bArI bahArathI evuM ja saMgIta saMbhaLAya che ke je bhUtakALamAM aMdhArA oraDAmAM rAjAnI rAha jotI veLA saMbhaLAtuM hatuM ! rAjAo paNa sajA bhogavatA pahelAM AvuM ja saMgIta sAMbhaLe che ! sarvatra phelAyelI sAcA rAjA-Izvara-nI vibhUtino A sAkSAtkAra che. sthaLa kriyAmAM rAcatAM sAmAnya nATakonA karatAM judI ja koTInuM A nATaka che. emAM kriyA aMtargata rahasyane oLaMgIne nATakanI jamAvaTa karatI nathI, paNa aMtargata sUkSma vicAra kyiAmAM palaTAIne nATakanA AkAranI AchI paNa ramaNIya rekhAone upasAvI Ape che. AthI kriyAno vega vicAra ke rahasyathI bhinna varatAto nathI; nATaka kavitAnI mUrti ke bhAvanAtmaka koTI tajIne dhIme dhIme svakIya ghanatA prApta kare che. A nATakanA pAtro ane prasaMgone A hakIkatanA saMdarbhamAM mUlavavAM joIe. ravIndranAthanAM bIjAM nATako karatAM 'DAkaghara' ane 'rAjA'nI vizeSatA e che ke emAM sauMdaryAtmaka asaranI sAthe kRtinI nATyAtmaka asara paNa adhikArI bhAvaka avazya anubhave che. kavivara rAjA mAM sucano dvArA rahasyano anubhava karAve che. rUpakane pAmI gayelA bhAvakanA citta para 'avyaktane khALavAno vyaktano ramaNIya puruSArtha UMDI chApa pADI jAya che. eka sAthe be yiA eka sapATI paranI ane bIjI aMtargata-bhAvakacittamAM cAle che. takhtA upara rAjAnuM rUpa pAmavA mATeno rANIno talasATa dekhAya che tyAre ApaNAM netra A lIlA nIrakhe che ane citta mAnavaAtmAnI izvaranuM rUpa pAmavAnI jhaMkhanA anubhave che. sudarzanAnA manamAM cAlatA bhAvasaMgharSane pariNAme nATakamAM eka prakAranuM action anubhavAya che. sudarzanA ane suraMgamAnA saMvAdamAM athavA rAjAne virUpa dhArIne eno rANI tyAga kare che te veLAnA rAjA ane rANInA saMvAdamAM nATyAtmakatA che. nATakano prAraMbha rahasyapUrNa ane coTadAra che. keTalIka ghaTanAo ApaNI AturatA ane jijJAsAne utteje tevI che. Literature that walks and talksnA nATaka vizenA pracalita khyAlanA bIbAmAM na 4. 'mAnava satya' nAmanA nibaMdhamAM ravIndranAtha lakhe che : "jIvanadevatAthI jIvanane alaga karIne joIe eTale du:kha, jIvanadevatA sAthe jIvanane eka karIne joIe eTale mukti.'

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zabdasaMnidhi AvatA 'rAjA mAM noMdhapAtra takhtAlAyakI che. baMgALI raMgamaMca upara A nATaka saphaLatAthI bhajavAyuM che. videzamAM sAro Adara pAmela A nATakanI phrAnsa ane jarmanImAM bhajavaNI thaI che. khUbInI vAta e che ke nATakano nAyaka takhtA upara Avato ja nathI. mAtra teno avAja ja saMbhaLAya che. Ama chatAM AkhA ya nATakamAM satata bhAvaka enuM svarUpa pAme che. jagatanAyakanI peThe ane enA jevA ja A nATakanA nAyakane chupAvI rAkhavAmAM aMdhArA oraDAmAM-nATyakAranI saphaLatA chupAyelI che. A nATakanA saMvAdo zabdALu che ema kahevAyuM che. eka Urmikavie AmAM chUTe hAthe kalpanAo verI che. vaLI atyaMta mArmika ane hAthamAMthI chaTakI jAya tevI rahasya-sabhara ane vyApake saMvedanAnejene meTaraliMka intuitions kahe che-philasUpha saghana gadyamAM rajU karI zake, kavi TUMkI, sAragarbha paMktionA saMpuTamAM mUkI Ape, paNa nATakakAra mATe pratyakSa kriyArUpe darzana karAvavAnuM hovAthI AvI saMvedanAne sAkAra karavI agharI bane che. ene vividha kriyAmAM rajU karavA mATe navAM rUpako ane kalpanAono Azraya levo paDe che. AthI kyAMka zabdALutA lAge, paNa zabdono ghaTATopa kyAMya nathI, kRtrimatA paNa kyAMya nathI. satata eka AhalAdajanake AsvAda emAMthI maLe che. eDavarDa thaoNpsane ThAkuradAnA pAtra vize sakhata TIkA karI che. teoe ravIndranAthanI philasUphIne lakSamAM rAkhI hota to kadAca AvI TIkA karI 5. AvA chaTakI jAya tevA rahasavALA pratIkAtmaka nATaka vizenA meTaralikano uddagAro juo : "Those intuitions, grasps of guess which pull the more into the less, making the finite comprehend infinity." 9. "As it is 'Thakurdada- with much assistance, able though superflours-spoils everything.... Grandfather is just a nuisance"- "Rabindranath Tagore." by Edward Thompson, p. 219 rAjA" (kiMga oNpha dha DArka cembara) na hota. nATakamAM ThAkurA e sakhyabhaktinuM jIvaMta udAharaNa che. nATakamAM be prakAre vastupravAha vahe che. ekamAM rANI sudarzanAnuM maMthana AlekhAyuM che ane tene enI dAsI IzvarI saMketa samajAve che. evI ja rIte bIjI eka kathA nagarajano ane rAjAonI adRzya rAjAnI zodhanI kathA che. ThAkuradA e janasamAja temaja pArthiva rAjAone sAcA rAjA IzvaranA sAmarthyano khyAla Ape che. keTalAka vivecakone nATakamAM gIto bhArarUpa lAgyAM che. nATakamAM gIto cheka ja nakAmAM che ema to na ja mAnI zakAya. grIka nATako ane zekasapiyaranAM nATakomAM gIto maLe che. AthI te keTalA pramANamAM ane kayA saMdarbhamAM rajU thAya che te cakAsavuM joIe. nATakamAM je gUDha rahasyane vAcA ApavI che, je jhaMkhanA ane Arata vyakta karavI che te mATe gIto upayogI che. e gIto ApaNane eka anokhA vAtAvaraNamAM laI jAya che. gItomAM nirUpita prakRtinAM aMgo AdhyAtmika rahasyanuM sUcana kare che. kavivara ravIndranAtha ThAkure potAnuM darzana vyakta karavA mATe koI pracalita nATacasvarUpanuM cokaThuM svIkAravAnuM pasaMda karyuM nathI. potAnAM preraNA, darzana ane pratibhAne vaphAdAra rahIne mAnava ane IzvaranA gUDha ane amUrta-abstract-saMbaMdhane 'nATyakSama' banAvavA temaNe hAma bhIDI che. 'rAjA' nATakamAM aMtargata rahasya jema IzvaranI vibhutAno aNasAra Ape che tema sAhitya-kalAnI vizALa vibhutAno paNa tRptikara anubhava karAve che. e kAraNe tene ravIndranAthanI pratibhAnuM apratima saMtAna gaNavuM joIe. jagatasAhityamAM A prakAranAM je thoDAMka nATyasarjano thayAM che temAM tene mAnabharyuM sthAna maLyuM che.

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anokhI AtmakathA* maNilAla nabhubhAI dvivedInA AtmavRttAntanuM prakAzana 1979nA varSanI eka mahattvanI sAhityika ghaTanA che. ATha dAyakAthI dabAI rahelo eka agraNI sAhityakAre lakhelo dastAveja sauprathama pUrNa svarUpamAM prakAzamAM Ave che. tenI aMdara mUkelI hakIkata vize bhUtakALamAM khUba UhApoha thayo, temAMthI sAmagrI vize ugra carcA cAlelI te keTale aMze vAjabI hatI, ne tenA lekhakane abhipreta hatuM tema, AjanI peDhI tenI phariyAdo sAMbhaLIne zo cukAdo Ape che te jANavAnuM prApta thaze. gujarAtI AtmacaritrasAhityanI e eka AgavI kRti to banI raheze, paraMtu temAM ethI ya kaMIka vizeSa sAmagrI paDelI anokhI AtmakathA manamAM jAge che, evA ja ene Alekhe che. eka vAra je dalAbhAIne teo paropakArI kahe che, te ja dalAbhAI saMjogavazAt emanuM kAma nathI karatA to tarata ja ene vize halako abhiprAya ApI de che. potAno jUno abhiprAya ke lAMbA gADha saMbaMdha sAva bhUlI jAya che. prema ane tiraskAra e eka sikkAnI be bAju che. e hakIkata maNilAla ane tribhuvanadAsa gajjara vaccenI maitrIgAMThamAM jovA maLe che. bannenA vicAro ghaNA judA hatA. zrI tribhuvanadAsa gajjara buddhipUta vicArone mAnanArA hatA, jyAre maNilAlane dharma ane purANamAM zraddhA hatI. baMnenI maitrI paNa eTalI ja vilakSaNa rahI. maNilAlano tirasakAra karatA hovA chatAM zrI tribhuvanadAsa gajjara Agraha rAkhatA ke maNilAla muMbaI Ave tyAre emane tyAM ja Utare ! paraMtu e pachI baMne vacce caDabhaDa thatI ane ekabIjAno tiraskAra karatA. eka vAra to maNilAla gussAmAM potAno sAmAna laIne cAlavA mAMDe che. maNilAlane rahevAno zrI tribhuvanadAsa gajjara Agraha kare kharA, paNa emanI thALI judI rAkhe. Ama prema ane tiraskAranI sAva virodhI raMgachAyA dharAvato A maitrIsaMbaMdha vilakSaNa hato. maNilAla nabhubhAIe A AtmakathAmAM potAnA gupta AcAra athavA to strIo sAthenA anAcArabharyA saMbaMdhonuM nikhAlasabhAve satyakathana karyuM che, paNa ghaNI sthULa rIte. khANamAMthI sIdhesIdhuM sonuM kADhavuM hoya ane enA para mATInA aneka thara jAmelA hoya tevuM A satyakathana lAge che, jyAre gAMdhIjInI AtmakathAmAM e enubhavonuM bayAna tapAveluM sonuM hoya ema lAge che. maNilAla ane gAMdhIjI baMnee nikhAlasabhAve Atmakathana karyuM che, paraMtu gAMdhIjI enuM Alekhana anutApUrvaka kare che; evuM maNilAlamAM bhAgye ja jovA maLe che. maNilAla nabhubhAIno hetu to kAgaLiyAM para aMtarano Akroza ane akaLAmaNa utAravAno hato. potAnA jIvanamAM banI te hakIkato lakhavI joIe tema mAnIne, emaNe A Atmacaritra lakhyuM che. paraMtu e lakhatI vakhate teo taTasthatA jALavI zakatA nathI. potAnA pUrvagraho ane rAgadveSone eTalA ne eTalA ja sajIva rAkhIne anubhavanuM kathana kare che. patnI ke pratipakSI vize to ThIka, paraMtu pitA ane mAtA vize paNa emanA ALA hRdayane thayelAM cakAmAM batAve che. mAnavInA manamAM kSaNika bhabhUkI UThatA rAgadveSa yA to kAmakrodhanuM ahIM Alekhana thayeluM che. vRttinA tAmasI jhaMjhAvAto jevA * "maNilAla nabhubhAI dvivedInuM AtmavRttAMta', saMpAdaka : DaoN. dhIrubhAI ThAkara; prakAzaka : navabhArata sAhitya maMdira, muMbaI ane amadAvAda, 1979; kiMmata 3. 21; pRSThasaMkhyA 245+16; pAkuM pUMThuM.

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zabdasaMnidhi maNilAlanA sAhityasarjana sAthe emanA jIvanamAM dekhAtI kurUpatAno meLa besADavAnI eka cAvI 'sudarzana gaghAvali'mAM maLe che. teo kahe che ke ApaNI AcAra che, te ApaNA maryatvano aMza che, jyAre ApaNA vicAra che, te aizvaryano aMza che. vicAra ane AcAra baMne ucca hoya te uttama vastu; paraMtu mAnavInA AcAra bhulAI jAya che, enA vicAra ja pAchaLa rahI jAya che. AthI mAnavInuM sAcuM mUlyAMkana enA AcAra parathI nahIM paNa vicAra parathI thavuM joIe. saMpAdake sUcavyuM che tema maNilAla nabhubhAIne anya saMdarbhamAM rajU karelo A vicAra emanA jIvananA mUlyAMkananA saMdarbhamAM vicAravA jevo gaNAya. gAMdhIjI jIvatA hatA tyAre emanA AcAra para paNa sahunI najara rahetI. gAMdhIjInA gayA pachI e AcAra adRzya thayA che; mAtra emanA vicAro ja emanI pAse rahyA che. cAra e zarIranI kriyAmAMthI Ubho thato AkAra che, vicAra to mAnavIya cetanAno aMza hovAthI a-kSara che. maNilAlamAM AcAra dUSita ane vicAra tarkazuddha ane vizuddha, evo dekhAI Ave tevo virodha hovAthI emanA jIvana para vadhu paDato bhAra mUkavAmAM Ave che. pratyeka vyaktinA jIvanamAM AcAra ane vicAranuM thoDuM daita to hoya che ja. dareka vyaktinA AcAra enA vicAranI koTi sudhI pahoMcI zakatA nathI. keTalAkamAM e visaMvAda ghero dekhAto nathI, jyAre maNilAlanA dAkhalAmAM ApaNane te vadhu paDato ghero dekhAya che. vaLI mAnavI cArebAju viSamatAthI gherAya hoya tyAre e viSamatAthI enAmAM kevI mAnasika ane zArIrika nabaLAI Ave eno to je anubhava kare ene ja khyAla Ave. patnI, mitro, sobata ane zerInuM vAtAvaraNae badhAMmAMthI maLelA kusaMskAro te kaI rIte bhUlI anokhI AtmakathA zake ? 'smaraNayAtrA'mAM bAlyakALane AlekhatAM kAkAsAhebe kahyuM che ke e uMmare to smaraNo zilAlekha jevA banI jAya che. maNilAlanA uchere emanI saMskArasaMpatti para gherI asara pADI che. A AtmavRttAMtamAM maNilAlanuM chellAM traNa varSanuM AtmavRttAMta maLatuM nathI. maNilAla pAchaLanAM varSomAM yoganI sAdhanA karatA hatA. ApaNA kavicitrakAra phUlacaMda zAhe paNa enI noMdha lIdhI che. chellAM traNa varSanuM e AtmavRttAMta maLyuM hoya to maNilAlanuM kharuM svarUpa athavA to emanAmAM AveluM parivartana kadAca jovA maLata. AcAra ane vicAranuM daita e kadAca emanA jamAnAnuM paNa lakSaNa hoI zake. vikToriyana yugamAM bAhya ane AMtarajIvana parasparathI sAva bhinna hoya tevuM banatuM; kAraNa ke e yugamAM daMbha ane DhAMkapichoDAthI potAnA sAcA vyaktitvane chupAvavAno moTA mANaso prayatna karatA hatA. maNilAlanI eTalI vizeSatA kharI ke emaNe potAnA badhA doSone kAgaLa para mUkIne AcArya AnaMdazaMkara dhruve kahyuM che tema adhamarpaNa karI dIdhuM che. mAtra emanuM aizvarya eTale ke vicArasaMpatti ane sAhityasaMpatti ja ApaNI pAse rahe che. Ama AtmavRttAMtanI eka khUbI e gaNI zakAya ke AmAM kyAMka potAnA mahattAnAM guNagAna, baDAza ke AtmaprazaMsA jovA maLatAM nathI. zrI munazI ane evA bIjA ghaNA ApaNA AtmacaritrakAro AmAMthI bacI zakyA nathI. tenAthI maNilAla mukta rahI zakyA che. narmada 'mArI hakIkata mAM je na karI zakyo, te maNilAle karI batAvyuM che. ghaNI vAra AtmacaritrakAra amuka nakazAne sAme rAkhIne potAnuM Atmacaritra lakhato hoya che. potAnA vartamAnanA saMdarbhamAM bhUtakALane

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zabdasaMnidhi mUlavavAno prayAsa kare che. bhUtakALanuM sAtatya vartamAnamAM batAvavA koziza kare che. mahAna vyakti pote mahAna banI tenA kAraNarUpe bALapaNathI ja mahAnatAnAM bIja enAmAM rahelAM hatAM ema batAve evuM paNa bane che. jyAre ahIM vartamAna bhUtakALa karatAM taddana viparIta hovA chatAM, jevo che tevo potAno bhUtakALa Apyo che. mANasanI kalpanA jyAM na pahoMce, tyAM satya pahoMce che, eno uttama dAkhalo maNilAlanuM A AtmavRttAMta che. AvI vyakti taddana nimnakakSAnI strI sAthe vyabhicAra kare tenI kalpanA paNa thaI zakatI nathI. jenI kalpanA paNa na karIe, tevA vaLAMko maNilAlanA jIvanamAM jovA maLe che. A AtmakathAmAM maNilAlanuM nikhAlasa kathana maLe che. bIjAne vize nikhAlasa thavuM saraLa che, kiMtu potAnA vize nikhAlasa thavuM agharuM kAma che. paNa AthI mAtra Ane aitihAsika mUlya dharAvatuM AtmavRttAMta kahIne aTakIzuM nahIM. AmAM eka prakArano AMtarasaMgharSa jovA maLe che. e AMtarasaMgharSa AtmasaMzodhanamAM pariNamato nathI e sAcuM, paraMtu e AMtarasaMgharSa potAne je kakSAe thayo hoya te kakSAe rahIne, jevo thayo hoya tevo Alekhyo che. A AMtarasaMgharSanuM Alekhana karIne maNilAla gUMgaLAmaNano chuTakAro anubhave che. A AtmavRttAMtamAM Atmadarzanano koI hetu che ja nahi. mAtra pachI AvanArA jamAnA AgaLa potAnI phariyAda rajU karavAno uddeza che. ahIM potAnI pratiSThAne bhoge nikhAlasa kathanano prayoga thayo che. gAMdhIjInI AtmakathAmAM samakAlIna vyaktionAM rekhAcitro maLe che, temAM gAMdhIjIe ghaNI takedArI rAkhI che. ghaNI vAra teo nAma anokhI AtmakathA ApyA vagara lakhe che. koI paNa vyaktinA cAritryane DAgha lAge nahi tenI sAvadhAnI rAkhe che. maNilAla gAMdhIjI jeTalI ahiMsAnI paravA karatA nathI. mAtra satya para ja emanI najara ane nema TharelI che. A satya haMmezAM suMdara hoya tevo emano Agraha nathI. satyanuM eka lakSaNa emAM raheluM agnitattva che. je ene sparze te dAjhe evuM AmAM aneka sthAne jovA maLe che. maNilAlanI bhASAzailI paNa dhyAna kheMce che. A AtmavRttAMta e khAnagI viThaMbhakathA che. eTale emAM bhASAnI ziSTatAne pa na hoya e svAbhAvika che. maNilAla pAse je bhASAprabhutva hatuM te jotAM to ema kahI zakAya ke A AtmavRttAMta te vadhu sArI bhASAmAM lakhI zakyA hota, paraMtu khAnagI vAtacItamAM bhASAnuM je prAkRta svarUpe pragaTa thAya che, e svarUpa emaNe yathAvat rAkhyuM che. vedAMtanI carcA karanAra ane tarkazuddha vicAro rajU karanAra maNilAla potAnA AcaraNano bacAva karavA 'abhedamAM zarIrasaMbaMdha pApakartA nathI" evo upadeza Ape che, temAM emanuM vikRta mAnasa jovA maLe che. vivekAnaMda jevA jene mAna Ape, videzamAM vyAkhyAnomAM jemane nimaMtraNa maLe, meksamUlara jevAno je prativAda kare evI vyakti eka bAju bauddhika stara para UMDuM ciMtana kare ane bIjI bAju enA zarIranI bhUkha evI ke je ene prAkRtatAnI UMDI gartAmAM utArI de che ! samAja zAstrI, mAnasazAstrI ane seksolaoNjisTa mATe maNilAlanuM AtmavRttAMta saMzodhananI moTI sAmagrI pUrI pADe che. paraMtu ethIya vadhu to A AtmavRttAMta e ApaNA navalakathAkAro ane nATyakAro mATe paDakArarUpa che. gujarAtamAM TrejeDInuM vastu nathI ema kahevAya che, paNa AnAthI vadhu TrejeDInI sAmagrI bhAgye ja bIje koI sthaLethI maLI zake !

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zabdasaMnidhi maNilAla para divALIbAIe lakhelA premapatro uparanI vAtanA samarthanamAM jovA jevAM che. eka strI sAthe premasaMbaMdha bAMdhyo. tenI bevaphAIno anubhava thatAM koI strI sAthe evo saMbaMdha nahIM bAMdhavAno nirNaya kare che e ja vakhate divALIbAInA premapatro Ave che. maNilAla tenAthI vimukha rahevAno prayatna kare che tema te strIno prema temanA para vadhu ne vadhu DhaLato jAya che ! chevaTe tene premanI philasUphI samajAve che ane teno aMgIkAra kare te pahelAM to te strI piyuvirahamAM mRtyu pAme che ! jene potAnuM mAnyuM te potAnuM thayuM nahIM ane jenAthI dUra rahevA gayA te niHsvArtha prema dAkhavIne svArpaNa karI gayuM ! tene pote oLakhI zakyA nahIM eno UMDo ghA maNilAlanA hRdayamAM lAgyo. AnA jevI bIjI TrejeDI kaI hoI zake ? vaLI A premapatronI bhASAmAM rasikatA, komaLatA ne sacoTatA che te sAhityika draSTie noMdhapAtra che. gujarAtI sAhityamAM premapatro, navalakathAnAM pAtroe lakhelA hoya tene bAda karIe to, vAstavika svarUpamAM bhAgye ja jovA maLaze. (kalApI paranA haju pragaTa thayelA nathI.) A saMjogomAM divALIbAInA patronuM ApaNA sAhityamAM AgavuM sthAna gaNAvuM joIe. A graMthano e eka kImatI aMza che. chevaTe mUkelAM TippaNo abhyAsIone upayogI sUcano, TIkAo ne saMdarbho pUrAM pADe che. saMpAdake AnI pahelAM maNilAlanI gadyapadya kRtionAM aneka saMpAdano upalabdha karI ApyAM che. A kRtinuM saMpAdana te saunA ziramora jevuM che. 44 5 'ugatI juvAnI'nI apragaTa mudraNaprata pro. baLavaMtarAya ThAkora emanI navIna krAMtikAraka kavitAne lIdhe kavi tarIke hajI pUrI pratiSThA pAmyA na hatA, e arasAmAM I. sa. 1932mAM emaNe 'UgatI juvAnI' nAmanA vAstavanA jhokavALA maulika nATakanuM sarjana karyuM. A pachI pro. ThAkore 'lagnamAM brahmacarya athavA saMyoge viyoga' ane 'soviyeTa navajuvAnI' (raziyana prahasanano gujarAtI anuvAda) jevAM nATako lakhyAM, paNa A sarjanomAM nATakakAra tarIke emanI pratibhA khIlI zakI nathI. 'UgatI juvAnI'nI prathama AvRtti I. sa. 1923mAM pragaTa thaI. e vakhate A nATakanI eka hajAra prata chApavAmAM AvI hatI. thoDAM varSo bAda A nATaka aprApya banI gayuM. AthI I. sa. 1949mAM pro. ThAkore bIjA mudraNa mATe nATakanI 'DamI' sudhArAvadhArA sAthe taiyAra karI. nATakanAM AgaLanAM pAnAM judA kAgaLamAM pharI taiyAra karyA. pro. ThAkoranI e lAkSaNikatA hatI ke teo arpaNa, prastAvanA, TippaNa ane mathALAM--e badhuM jhINavaTathI, cIvaTathI ane viziSTa rIte mUkatA e sAthe pratyeka AvRttimAM satata pheraphAra karatA rahetA. lekhakanI maThAratA rahevAnI Teva 'UgatI juvAnI'nA bIjA mudraNa mATe taiyAra karelI pratamAM paNa dekhAya che. bIjA mudraNa samayanI lekhakanI pratanAM AgaLanAM pAnAM (pR. 1thI 56 ane pR. 61-62) maLatAM nathI. jyAre pR. 57thI 60 ane pR. 63thI AkhI kRti, lekhakanA svahastAkSare karelA sudhArAvALI maLe che. 'DamI'nA prAraMbhe pro. ThAkore potAnA pustakanI joDaNI aMgenI sUcanA lAla pensilathI lakhelI che. pustakanuM prathama pRSTha, arpaNapatrikA ane bIjI AvRtti vakhatanuM nivedana judA kAgaLomAM maLe che. prathama AvRtti pachI chavvIsa varSa bAda I. sa. 1949nA eprilamAM pro. ThAkare 45

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zabdasaMnidhi dvitIya mudraNanI prata taiyAra karI, paNa emanA avasAnasamaya sudhImAM (tA. 2-1-52) e pragaTa thaI nathI. lekhake taiyAra karelA nATakanA prathama pRSThanI vizeSatA joIe to agAu nATakanA zIrSaka heThaLa "sAMsArika nATaka, bhajavAya evuM" ema lakhyuM hatuM. bIjA mudraNa vakhate mAtra 'sAMsArika nATaka' e zabdo rAkhIne 'bhajavAya evuM" e kADhI nAkhe che. chatAM bIjA mudraNa samayanA nivedanamAM pro. ThAkore laMbANathI nATakanI takhtAlAyakI vize lakhyuM che. lekhake pote ja prathama AvRttinA prathama pravezamAM 'nATaka bhajavavAnI jarUriyAtone AdithI aMta sudhI pUrepUrI lakSamAM rAkhIne ja dareka praveza racavAmAM Avyo che ' ema kahyuM che. joke e svIkAravuM paDaze ke Akhare to A nATaka pAkyanATaka ja banyuM che. prathama AvRttimAM kartA tarIke 'baLavaMtarAya kalyANarAya ThAkora bI. e., AI. I. esa.' lakhyuM che, jyAre chavvIsa varSanA gALA bAda teo bI.e.nI upAdhi kADhI nAkhIne 'AI.I.esa. (nivRtta) dIvAna bahAdura' lakhe che. prathama AvRttimAM emanA nAma para kartA ja lakhyuM che, bIjI AvRtti vakhate 'kartA ane prakAzaka' bane che. pro. ThAkore dhi. bI. sehanI prakAzana birAdarI limiTeDa nAmanI prakAzanasaMsthA potAnI ane bIjI vINelI copaDIonuM ziSTa prakAzana thAya te mATe sthApI hatI. paNa A saMsthA I. sa. 1951mAM sthapAI ane te vizeno koI ullekha paNa mudraNautamAM maLato nathI. Ama chatAM mukhapRSThane pAchale pAne karelI noMdha 'kartA ane prakAzake A copaDI 34, copATI roDa, muMbaI 7, e potAnA nivAsasthAne prakaTa karI. I. 1949, saM. 2005 parathI khyAla Ave che ke A pustakanuM prakAzana emaNe pote ja karavA dhAryuM hatuM. 'ugatI juvAnI'nI apragaTa mudraNaprata lekhake navI AvRtti mATe taiyAra kareluM arpaNapatra joIe. zrI maNizaMkara ratnajI bhaTTa 'kAnta'ne prathama AvRtti vakhate karelA arpaNapatramAM najIvA pheraphAra karIne, paMktio goThavIne mUke che. bIjI AvRttinuM arpaNapatra A pramANe che : arpaNapatra rA. rA. maNizaMkara ratnajI bhaTTa, bhAvanagara - gadyapadyama - priya 'kAnta' 'Atmopama,' 'sakhe,' 'ura' e badhAM saMbodhano tyaji , sarala manabhara 'bhAI' zabda A kRti sAthe hane joDuM chuM.' bhAI, smare che te divase yauvanataNA jyAM ApaNe kAlodadhimAM uMDI DubakI daIne itihAsanA ethensaspArTImAM ja jANe viharatA, e nATako e kAvyabhASaNamUrtisaMvAdo vize ? e jaganmoha ke amara khaMDero thakI vismita thatA, - e opatI janatA pharI jovA pharIthI viracavA e naujuvAnInI khumArIbharyA mathatA hatA ! ahA, e zo rasabhIno kALa ! are e sahazikSaNa zAM rasALa pachI to bhAI, jhidagI AvI ApaNI judAI jene bhAvI; tuM asala gujarAte rahyo, huM garavi gujarAte vahyo. prathama AvRttimAM A pramANe zabdo che : 1. huM 2. navayauvanataNA 3. khAIne 4. kAvyabhASaNamUrtisaMvAda 5. juvAnInI ke. matta bAlizatA bharyA mathatA hatA 7.2 8. tuM 9. huM 10. garavI.

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zabdasaMnidhi e ApaNA sahavAsa samaye huM mAMhi je kaMI ugama thayalo 12 je jarA vikasyo che A te taNuM 3 Aje khileluMja kusuma tUne mokaluM chuM,15- jANuM chuM 16 ke rUparaMgasugaMdhamRdutA mAMhi e evuM ja che, paNa, bhAI hAro prema paNa jANuM che, tuM to ene hArUM ja joze : tuM nirakhaze ehane premI dRge: - sAmAnyane paNa divya kiraNe rasI le che ke te dage ! arpaNakAvyane aMte pro. ThAkoranI viziSTa sahI che. nATakanI prathama AvRttimAM kartAnuM koI nivedana maLatuM nathI, jyAre bIjI AvRttimAM 'A bIjA mudraNa vakhate nivedana' maLe che, je A pramANe 'ugatI juvAnInI apragaTa mudraNaprata vAtAvaraNa jamAvavAmAM A yukti sahelI paDe e dekhItuM che, ane temaNe eno prayoga vadhArI dIdho che. A bAbatamAM hAruM mata prathamathI ja AvuM che ke bolI ke pArasI prayojavI ucita hoya tyAM paNa tene gauNa ane AchIpAtaLI ja rAkhavI joIe; A to pArasInI bolI che, amuka nAta ke komanI calaNI bolI che, amuka pradezanI 'DAyalekTa" che, 'jipsI' ke 'Thago' jevI amuka ToLakInI gupta ane sAMketika 'pArasI' che, te spaSTa thaI javA pUratI ja e bolI pArasInI chAMTa lekhake prayojavI. je bolI pArasI prayojavI te pUrepUrI vaphAdArIthI prayojavI joIe, e kasoTI ahIM lAgu pADavAnI nathI; hoya ja nahIM, kemake jema kartA e vaphAdArInI jamAvaTa sovasA karavAne mathe, tema tenuM lakhANa sAmAnya sAhityabhogIo je sarala paNa saMskArInI sAthe rUDha thayela 'ziSTa gujarAtI'nI apekSA rAkhe tenAthI e enuM lakhANa vadhAre ne vadhAre AvuM nIkaLI jAya che ane zrI meghANInI zailInuM eka biMdu UchInuM laIne karyuM, to evA bolIpracura lakhANanI durbodhatA ane arucikaratA "are rATa' (?) vadhI paDe che. AzA rAkhuM chuM ke ApaNA ucharatA ane AzAspada sarjako A dRSTibiMdu dhyAnamAM leze ane hAla pragaTa thatI navalikAo navalo AdimAM prAMtika ane komI vicitratAonuM pramANa vadhatuM ja jAya che, te pAchuM tene samucita gauNatAthI ja saMtoSa mAnaze. "eTale, sAmAjika krAMtine samabhAve nirUpavA mathatI nATikA prathama prakaTa thatAM zrI khAnabahAdUra saMjANA jevA samartha bhASApaMDita enI TIkA karatAM lakheluM che emAM AvatI (u.ta.) rustama ane mojhAMbI nA pAtranI bolImAM pArasIonI bolInI zuddhi jaLavAyelI nathI, te emanI TIkA jAte ja emanI dizAbhUla hatI. pArasIonI "praveza mAne uttarArdha kaMcanarAye pitA AgaLa karI dIdhelI kabUlAtanuM, enA prAyazcitta ('ripenTansa')rUpa nirUpaNa takhtAlAyakInI dRSTie ati lAMbuM hatuM te TuMkAvyuM che, jo ke A nave rUpe ya te keTalAka vAcakane lAMbuM paDe to navAI nahIM. sthaLe sthaLe bolI-komI, prAMtika Adi-no prayoga mULe Acho haLavo rAkhelo hato, te A mudraNa vakhate vadhAre Acho haLavo karyo che. bIjA pheraphAra koIka ja , mAtra zAbdika, ane najevA che. pustakarUpe pragaTa thatAM sAhityamAM 'bolIo'no prayoga I. 1923 lagI to lagabhaga najeno thato hato. te Aja lagImAM ghaNo vadhI gayo che. lekhakone vAstavikatA, zraddheyatA ane navataratAnuM 11. huM 12. thayelo 13. taNuM 14. khileluM 15. tuMne mokaluM chuM 16. zuM 17. evuM 18. jANuM chuM tuM 19. tuM 20. divya dekhe.

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zabdasaMnidhi bolIne vaphAdArI rAkhavAnI, e bolIno yAMtrika 're karDa" upajAvavAnI lekhakanI nema ja nhotI. bIjA eka navajuvAna vivecaka copaDI vAMcatAM ja AnaMdAzcarya bolI uThelA ke lekhaka vilAyata jaI Avela hoya ema to jANyuM nathI, to paNa yuropa-amerikAnI raMgabhUmi para cheka A ghaDI lagInA praveza pAmela nUtanatAo('nyUansIsa ')thI paNa sArI rIte paricita dekhAya che, ane temane saphaLatAthI potAnA rasika sarjanamAM utArI zake che. e utsAhI baMdhunuM AvuM pramANapatra ane kudaratI rIte mIThuM lAgeluM, kemake teo AvI bAbata upara supramANa gaNAya evuM mata uMcaravAnA adhikArI hatA. pote tAjA ja vilAyatathI pAchA svadeza AvI gayela, paNa emaNe vilAyatamAM traNa varSa gALela te arasAmAM pote je abhyAsanA mukhya AzayathI tyAM gayela te sArI rIte siddha karavA uparAMta tyAMnI nATakI Alama sAthe paNa ghaNo sAro paricaya keLavelo hato; eTale sudhI ke ahIM pAchA pharavAne badale teo vilAyatanivAsI banyA hota to teo tyAM iMgrejIbhASAnA eka sArA nATakakAra lekhe paNa AgaLa AvI javAnI zaktio dharAvatA hatA, ema emanA vize sau snehasaMbaMdhIone sArI AzA baMdhAvA pAmelI hatI. "ane e paNa 'UgatI juvAnI' prakaTa thayuM te pahelAMthI ja huM sArI rIte jANato hato ke lagabhaga dareka praveza bhinnabhinna ane vaLI kharcALa 'sInasInarI'mAM 'mUDI DUbADavA'nI jANe ke pharaja pADe evI nATyaracanAne koI paNa dhaMdhAdArI naTacam raMgabhUmi para ANavAnuM sAhasa kheDI zake nahIM. chatAM meM e prakaTa karyuM kemake sAmAjika krAMtine samabhAvI nATakone 'pAThaca nATako' lekhe paNa sAhityamAM sthAyitA maLe che, te ya huM jANuM : ane mahane eTalAthI paNa saMtoSa hato. 'aphalAtunI 'ugatI juvAnInI apragaTa mudraNaprata saMvAda'nI sAhityajAtimAM takhtAlAyakI muddala nA hoya te jANatAM chatAM paNa evo eka saMvAdanenAM lAMbA bhASaNo sAthe meM AmAM gUMthyo te ja batAvI Ape che ke A nATaka bhajavAze-bhajavavAne koI paNa pasaMda karaze ema huM pote nahoto AzA rAkhato. ane te paNa sAmAjika krAMti sAthe samabhAvanuM AkarSaNa eTaluM moTuM che, khAsa karIne vicArazIla kizorakizorI yuvakayuvatI vargane, ke AmAMnA be-traNa nhAnA pravezo amadAvAda ane muMbaInI kaoNlejo ane hAIskUlonAM nATaya kalAzokhI kizorakizorIo yuvaSuvatIoe copaDI prakaTa thayA pachInA pahelAM varSomAM hArI rajA meLavIne--potAnA snehasaMmelanAdi ramatagamatavinodanonA samAraMbhomAM bhajavelA hatA. e utsAhI, hane nAme tema dIThe ajJAta rahela-bhAInhenone A bIjA mudraNa prasaMge saMbhAravA ane temano Ama jAhera upakAra mAnavo e mahArI pharaja che. * "A nATikAne takhtA upara ANavAnI zI zI muzkelI che te upara jaNAvAyuM. te pachI paNa chevaTa umeravAnuM rahe ja ke je naTonI ToLI sInasInarI to zrotApresa konI kalpanAne soMpI devAya ane aphalAtUnI saMvAdanAM bhASaNa tava samAlIne TuMkAvAya emAM zI moTI muzIbata che ema Ane takhtA upara ANavAnuM sAhasa kare ja , to e sAhasika naTonI kAbeliyata pramANe AmAMnA dareka dRzyamAM takhtAlAyakInAM judAM judAM svarUpa prakaTaze ja evI paNa mahArI zraddhA che. muMbAI, I. 1949, saM. 2005" pustakanA 'DamInA prathama pAnA para pro. baLavaMtarAya ThAkore * haveno bhAga pustaka chapAvavA mokalAvatA agAu kartAe pensilathI lakhelo che.

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'ugatI juvAnInI apragaTa mudraNaprata nATakanA sattAvanamAM pAnAthI (pR. 61, kara sivAya) bAkInuM AkhuM nATaka temaja TippaNanI saMpUrNa 'DamI' maLe che. AmAM pro. ThAkore sudhArAvadhArA karyA che, jemAMnA ullekhanIya sudhArAo nIce pramANe che : pR. 74 paranI gajhalamAM prathama AvRttimAM eka kaDI A pramANe 'jigara-te kyAM, he prabho, chaDA paNa sahavA prabho.' gajhalanI bhASAne joIne nIce pramANe ucita sudhAro karavA lAge zabdasaMnidhi 'mahArI joDaNI mATe mukhya sUcanA' e mathALuM karIne pAMca mukhya sUcanAo lakhI cheI hakAra (1) moTI moTI moTuMmAM nahIM. (2) amane, amAruM, ame, amArAthI, amArAmAM - e bahuvacanomAM nahIM (3) paNa hamane, hamAruM, hame, hamArAmAM, hemArAthI, hema, eNvuM, phahevuM, hevu, hAvuM, ema bIje badhe kharo; jo ke nA hoya to paNa bhUla na gaNavI. kema ke hakArano vAparI vikalpa-optional--evo hAra niyama che. II vize - 'viSe' nahIM. III mahAre joIe che -I want, thavuM joIe ought to be vageremAM Ie paraMtu jovuM dhAtu (to see)nAM rUpamAM joIye. dAkhalo-dALa zAkamAM mIThuM joIe, have A chabI joIye. badhAM kriyApadarUpomAM kariye ja Iye apanAviye ema IyethI ja joDaNI karavI. upara joIe apavAda ja che. kema ke e dhAtunAM tamAma rUpo thatAM nathI. IV saMskRta zabdonI joDaNI saMskRta pramANe ja . V paNa saMskRta nahIM, prAkRta ane dezya zabdonI joDaNImAM , I, u, U, vikalpa jyAM je ThIka lAge che ane kavitAmAM to chaMdobaMdha je sthAne je gurulaghu mAge te pramANe. 'jigara-te kyAM, he khudA ! chaDA jIvananI mudA." cothA pravezane aMte lAvaNImAM gavAtI kavitA* sAthe pAMca yugala nAce che. 'tAblo' race che. ahIM pravezane aMte lekhaka umere che : vansamora'no hukama mAnavo ja paDe eTalA jorazorathI thAya to upalI ja kaDIne badale te pachInI bIjI kaDI prayojI zakAya mATe nATakane aMte pariziSTa lekha chApI che." navAInI bAbata e che ke A nATakanI AgavI vizeSatA tarapha prastAvanAmAM aMgulinirdeza karatAM sUtradhAra kahe che - (nirAzAno DaoNLa karato) prekSakonI sahAnubhUti ye mAphakasara ja. A kavitA "alaneranAM nUra' e zIrSaka heThaLa 'bhaNakAra (1951)mAM (gu-2, kAvya-2, pR. 32) thoDA pheraphAra sAthe maLe che. ahIM nATakamAM AvatI ane te sAthe TippaNamAM maLatI vadhArAnI kaDIo bhegI karIne kavitA ApavAmAM AvI che.

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zabdasaMnidhi na koI amuka pAtra joIne vila, na vansa mora (once more)'nI garjanAo, na--" (pR. 5) Ama 'vansa moranI garjanAo' karAvavAno nATakakAre hetu rAkhyo ja nathI, chatAM kavitA aMge 'vansa mora'ne na chUTake mAna ApavuM paDe to uparanI kaDIne badale bIjI kaI kaDI prayojavI, te pariziSTamAM ApavAnI vAta karI che. AvuM pariziSTa nATakano bhAga chapAyA pachI lakhavAno irAdo hato, paNa te bara Avyo lAgato nathI. Ama chatAM cothA pravezane aMte AvatI kavitAnI eka vadhu kaDI prathama AvRttinA TippaNamAM ApI che. paNa ahIM to nAcane vadhu samaya ApI zakAya tema hoya to te mATe bIjI kaDI ApI che, nahIM to vansa mora'nA hukamane mAna ApavA mATe. bIjI AvRttimAM A ja kaDIo mUkavAno lekhake vicAra rAkhyo hoya, te zakyatA nakArI zakAya tema nathI. bIjA mudraNa samayanA nivedanamAM kaMcanarAyanI enA pitA AgaLanI kabUlAta ane prAyazcittanuM nirUpaNa TUMkAvyAnuM lekhaka kahe che. pR. 115 parano A prAyazcittanA AlekhanamAM keTaleka sthaLe zabdo badalyA che athavA kADhI nAkhyA che. jyAre nIcenAM vAkyo ja kADhI nAkhyAM che-- mhArI jAtane rokI ja zakato nathI..... huM cheka pAmara chuM.... ane pataMgiyuM battImAM paDe tema yAhoma karIne truTI paDuM chuM. pariNAma je AvavAnuM hoya te Avo.... mhArI buddhi ATalI pariNAmAnya kema ? je kahezo te karIza, paNa hane pariNAmadRSTi ane te mujaba vRttine ugatI ja rokI, dAbI, masaLI nAkhavAnI zakti Apo.' pR. 137ne aMte AvatI ramaNabhAInI uktimAM umere che : 'je anubhave anubhave vadhatI ja jAya che.' 54 'ugatI juvAnI'nI apragaTa mudraNaprata pR. 168 para baherAmanI uktimAM zIrIna kaMcananI pAchaLa vilAyata jaIne udyoga hunnaromAMthI betraNano 'kemisTa' banIza." ema Ave che, tyAM lekhaka umere che : "ane jo khodA meharabAna, to sassA bI pahelavAna !" pR. 169 para prathama AvRttimAM maNibhAInI ukti A pramANe che 4 ------ "nA, jI. dArU upara kharo vijaya jema te pIvAnI dareka anukUlatA hoya chatAM na piye, agara koI vAra tevI sajjanonI sobatamAM lijhjhata khAtara jarA piye paNa, temAM che, kevala niSedhamAM nathI; tema kharuM brahmacarya emanA manathI gRhasthAzramanA sahadharmacAramAM che..." AmAM nIce mujaba sudhAro kare che-- "strI yA puruSanA ekala jIvanane ramaNa adhUruM ardhuM jIvana ja mAne che; saMpUrNa ane kudaratI rIte khIlatuM mAnavajIvana e ekapatnIvrata gRhasthAzramanA sahadharmacAramAM ja juve che..." nATakane aMte nIcenI traNa paMkti pro. ThAkora umere che. A paMkti lavajI bole che-- "dhama dhama dhama dhodhavA para dhodhavA reluMchela karI mukase ! vAha re vAha khodA ! hArI herathI ja lIlAlhera !' ka nATakanA chellA pravezano praveza 12mo ahIM paDado paDe che. uparyukta traNa paMktinA umerA nIce lekhake 16-4-49 e tArIkha nAkhelI che. A divasa nATakanA saMmArjananA kAryanI pUrNAhuti sUcave che.

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zabdasaMnidhi 'DamI'nA TippaNanI AgaLa lekhakenI noMdha maLe che- 'TippaNa AkhuM navesara lakhavuM che te hame phema chapAI jAya tema tema mokalazo eTale lakhAze. TippaNa ja bAkI rahe, ema AkhI copaDI chapAI jatAM A nakale pAchI mokalazo. eTale A jUnuM TippaNa joI joIne navuM lakhAze. bIjI nakala mahArI kyuM nathI. amadAvAda 16-4-49.' nATakanI dRSTie joIe to 'UgatI juvAnImAM pro. baLavaMtarAya ThAkora koI atikAya mAnavInA utthAna-patananA saMgharSaNane AlekhavAne badale sahune ati vahAluM, nijanuM ja lAge evuM nATaka racavAno uddeza dharAve che; paNa nATaka kaThora-naThora vAstavanA vartuLamAM ja pheraphudaraDI pharIne aTakI jAya che. jIvananI sAdAI ane vAstavikatAnI paDache chupAyelA sanAtana mAnava-bhAvone sparzatuM nathI. lagnaprathA, maghaniSedha ane ucca keLavaNInA sahu koIne sparzatA praznone viSaya banAvyA che, paNa enuM nATaTyarUpAMtara barAbara thayuM nathI. jIvananI visaMvAditA pAtranA maMthanamAMthI, vedanA-cIsamAMthI ke prasaMgamAMthI pragaTa thavAne badale moTe bhAge pAtronI 'vAtothI rajU thAya che. Drama is intense actionnI dRSTie excitementnA abhAvavALuM A nATaka moLuM paNa lAge. nATakanI sapATI para lekhakano vicAra ja taryA kare che. Ama chatAM pro. ThAkoranI prayogazIla pratibhA achatI rahetI nathI. teo saMskRta nATyapraNAlIthI judA phaMTAya che. vAstava-Alekhana, samagra nATaka para jhaLuMbatuM ullAsanuM vAtAvaraNa, navIna arpaNapatrikA, nAnI bahenanuM dazya, pAtronA saMbaMdhanI noMdha temaja pAtrocita bhASA prayojavAno nATakakArano prayatna avazya prazaMsanIya che. ane te rIte nATaka noMdhapAtra Thare che. dhUmaketuno sthira prakAza eka kocalAmAM purAI javAnI bhIti dharAvatI gujarAtI navalikA dhUmaketunA 'taNakhAmaMDaLa 1" dvArA viSaya, vicAra, lAgaNI, samAja ane saha-anubhUtinAM navAM phalaka para prayANa Adare che. bhadra ane sukhI samAja AsapAsa vIMTaLAyelI, emanAM gAdI-takiye besIne vicAratA praznone carcatI ke vAgoLatI temaja samAja sudhArAnA samarthanArthe ke kyAreka pracArArthe prayojAtI navalikAnI trijyA dhUmaketunA A vArtAsaMgrahathI vistare che. sarjakanI saMvedanAnI vizALa vyAptine kAraNe ja nAnI zI keDI samo A sAhityaprakAra eka moTA mArganuM rUpa dhAraNa kare che. dIvAnakhAnAnA ThaThArA ane beThADu jIvananA saMgharSonI vAtomAMthI navalikAne bahAra ANIne dhUmaketu upekSita evA samAja nI kathAo Ape che. zrImaMto ane samAja taraphathI anAdara pAmelA temaja kahevAtI sabhyatAnA sImADAnI bahAranA gaNAtA sAva nIcalA tharanA mAnavIonI vyathA, vedanA, mUMjhavaNo, AghAta, mAnasika saMgharSa ane emanA thatA zoSaNane abhivyakta kare che. lekhakanA gahana ane vyApaka samabhAvane kAraNe ja halakA ke sAmAnya gaNAtA mAnavIonI jhaLahaLatI citta-samRddhi AlekhAI che. emanI najara posTaoNphisa, zAkamArkeTa ane relave-kaoNliMganI oraDIthI mAMDIne vaizAlImAMnA AmrapAlInA vaibhavI AvAsa sudhI pahoMce che. tAjanI AsapAsanA raMgIna, ramaNIya ane mulAyama vAtAvaraNanI sAthesAthe traNa daravAjAnI AsapAsa haratI-pharatI kaMgAliyata paNa ahIM rajU thaI che. vArANasI, naMdagiri ane pRthvI para svarga samAM prakAzatA satalaja nA kinArAnA

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zabdasaMnidhi pradezathI mAMDIne cheka vezyAgRha vArtApravAhanA vahananI bhUmi bane che. dhUmaketu pahelAMnI navalikAomAM sthaLa tarIke muMbaI, surata ke vaDodarAnI ja moTe bhAge pasaMdagI thatI, jyAre dhUmaketu e sthaLavartuLamAMthI chUTIne simalA, AgrA ke dilhInA bhUmipradezomAM navalikAne lAve che. keTalAMka sthaLo pAtranI mAtra kAryalIlAbhUmi ke pazcAdbha na banatAM pAtranA vyaktitvano eka abhinna aMza banI gayo che. "bhaiyAdAdA'mAMthI bhaiyAdAdAnI oraDI ane enI AsapAsa emaNe racelA saMsAranI bAdabAkI karIe to ? 'pRthvI ane svarga' ke. 'kalpanAnI mUrtiomAMthI vAtAvaraNanI raMgInatAne upasAvatAM varNano gALI nAkhIe to navalikAnuM nIrasa hADapiMjara ja bAkI rahe ! sthaLanI sAthosAtha kALanuM mAtabara vaividhya paNa dhUmaketu lAve che. 'pRthvI ane svargamAM jagatanI bAlyAvasthAno ramaNIya kALa che, to 'goviMdanuM khetara mAM zahera bhaNI AMdhaLI doTa mUkI rahelAM gAmaDAMonI vartamAna paristhitino citAra che. 'tAraNahAra' ane 'kesarI vAghA'mAM rAjapUtI vIratAnA kasuMbala raMgone veratuM vAtAvaraNa che, to "AtmAnAM AMsumAM vaizAlInA lokataMtrano samaya AlekhAyo che. dhUmaketunuM bhAvuka hRdaya 'pRthvI ane svarga', " kalpanAnI mUrtio' ke 'sonerI paMkhI'nA viSayo khoLI lAve che, to emanI vAstavaSTi ane jIvanamAM maLelo sIdho, pratyakSa anubhava bhIkhu, bhaiyAdAdA, alI kocamena, jumo bhistI, vAghajI mocI ane cheka goviMda ane tenA khetara sudhI naja2 karAve che. ApaNA sAhityane grAmajIvana bhaNI abhimukha karavAmAM parokSa rIte sahAyabhUta thanArI 'goviMdanuM khetara" navalikA e pAchaLathI ghUghavatA pUra mAM banelAM grAmajIvana-viSayaka kavanonI prAraMbhakRti gaNAya. vAstavanI kaThora-naThora dRSTi (sarjanamAM dhUmaketuno sthira prakAza enuM pratibiMba kevuM jhilAyuM che, te alaga bAbata che.) temaja 'romaeNnTika' vyaktitvamAMthI bhAvanA ane kalpanAnA baLe janmelA Adarzone kAraNe emanI vArtAsRSTimAM AlekhAyelo samAja vaiividhyasabhara che. agAunI vArtAomAM AvatA grejyueTa nAyaka ke meTrika pAsa yA ucca varNanI nAyikAnA siMhAsane dhUmaketu jumo bhistI, vAghajI mocI, bhaiyAdAdA, alI kocamena ke naMdu yA baMsI jevA garIba mAnavIone besADe che. jo ke "hRdayadarzana'mAM bhadra samAja nI ane 'arIsomAM garbhazrImaMta pitAnA putranI kathA che. dhUmaketunI navalikAo ApaNI premanI vibhAvanAmAM palaTo lAve che. praNaya-AlekhananI saMkucita dRSTi emanI vArtAonA sparza dUra thAya che ane navalikA-sAhityamAM udAra, vyApaka ane mAnavatAthI dhabakatI praNaya-bhAvanAo opavA lAge che. "akhaMDa jyota'mAM AlekhAyelI praNaya-mastImAMthI ane vAghajI-naMdunA saMvAdomAMthI dAmpatyanI madhuratA Tapake che. praNayanA svastha ane saMyamI AlekhanathI paNa eka DagaluM AgaLa bharIne dhUmaketunI navalikAo mAnavahRdayanI udAttatAno puraskAra karI bhUmiprIti, kalAprIti, prANIprIti, kudarataprIti ane mAnavaprItinuM Alekhana kare che. praNayanA judA judA vivartAnI sAttvika prabhA pragaTAvatI A vArtAomAM tyAga, balidAna, sevA, samarpaNa, vaphAdArI ane prAyazcittanI bhAvanAo maLe che. AvI bhAvanAonuM, asAdhAraNa urmimayatA ane hRdayasparzI kAvyamayatAthI evuM to Alekhana kare che ke A navalikAomAM koI purogAmI vArtAkAramAM na anubhavAyo hoya evo karuNarasa anubhavAya che. Ama dhUmaketuno A vArtAsaMgraha keTalIya navI dizAo ane zakyatAo ughADI Ape che. eno eka Agavo cIlo paDe evuM to emAM sAmarthya che.

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zabdasaMnidhi 'taNakhAmaMDaLa 1'ne AjanI navalikAnI vibhAvanAnA prakAzamAM nANI jovAne badale ApaNAM jUnAM kiraNo kAme lagADIne mUlavIe te vadhu ucita gaNAze. dhUmaketunI vArtAomAM jIvananI ramaNIyatA ane bhavyatA dekhAya che. 'pRthvI ane svargamAM jIvananI ramaNIyatAnuM nAjuka vAtAvaraNa racavA prayAsa karyo che. AvA ramaNIya-madhura jIvanane paMkhanArA sarjaka duritano vijaya ke saguNa yA sAcakalAIno saMpUrNa parAjaya batAvatA nathI. A mATe to 'hRdayadarzana'mAM bIjI lakSmI lAve che, jenA akhUTa vahAlabharyA khoLAmAM saMtapta ane anAdara pAmelA lalitamohanane zILI chAMya prApta thAya che. lekhakano jIvana pratyeno abhigama bhAvanAprerita hovAthI vAstavika viSaya hoya chatAM enuM Alekhana ane valaNa bhAvanAlakSI banI jAya che. jIvananI beDoLatA ke kadarUpApaNuM emaNe joyuM haze, paraMtu emanI jIvanadRSTine anurUpa hoya teTaluM ja le che, bAkInuM avagaNAya che. AthI ja AghAtajanaka vastu, ghaTanA, pAtra ke aMta dhUmaketunI navalikAmAM maLatA nathI. pAtromAM jIvana taraphanA AdarzavAdI dRSTikoNanI sAthe lAgaNIno Avega ane bhAvanAono dhasamasATa che, paNa pAtra koI Adarza mATe maMthana anubhavatuM nathI, e Adarza siddha karavA jIvana sAme jhajhUmatuM, bAjhatuM ke bAkhaDatuM nathI. kharekhara to Adarzane svIkRta gaNIne ja pAtra enA bhaNI gati kare che. dhUmaketunAM keTalAMka pAtro eTalAM badhAM baLavAna che ke ApaNA mAnasapaTa para ciraMjIva chApa mUkI jAya che. bhaiyAdAdA, AnaMdamohana, jUmo bhistI, sumeru ane bhIkhu jevAM pAtro emanA svabhAvanI lAkSaNika chaTAne kAraNe prANavAna banyAM che. kyAreka pAtranuM pratIkAtmaka vartana enA svabhAvavizeSane khUbIthI pragaTa kare che. 'bhaiyAdAdA'mAM dhUmaketuno sthira prakAza netaranI soTIthI kAMkarI uDADato adhikArI athavA potAnAM bhAMDuone khAtara jUThuM bolato bhIkhu AnAM dRSTAMto che. 'hRdayapalaTo'mAM 'AlukA zAka'nI vAta atyaMta hRdayasparzI banI che. kyAreka nAyaka sivAyanAM pAtro vAtAvaraNa jamAvavAmAM sakriya madadarUpa banyAM che. "bhaiyAdAdAmAM panI ane bilADInAM baccAM vAtAvaraNanA mArdavamAM vadhAro kare che, to 'jumo bhistI'mAM abola veNu pADo ane 'akhaMDa jyotamAM zAstrI gaMgAprasAda potAnA AgavA vyaktitvanI lakIra mUkI jAya che. sarjakanI bhAvanAzIlatA ghaNI kRtiomAM tATasyane hAni pahoMcADe che. lAgaNInI parAkoTi batAvavA jatAM, lAgaNIveDA ke ghelachA AlekhAI jAya che. AthI emanI bhAvanApradhAna lAgaNImayatA kyAreka buddhigamya lAgatI nathI ane bhAvakane kaThe che. 'posTaoNphisamAM potAnI kabara upara patra mUkavAnuM kaheto alI kocamena, mAjInuM avasAna thatAM emanI pAchaLa avasAna pAmatI sAvitrI, roja rAte zAkamArkeTanA bagIcAmAM AsopAlavanA vRkSa heThaLa AvIne raDato pyAramohana, potAnI jagA jatAM dharatImAM amI khUTyAM hovAnuM mAnato ane e pachI dara varSe yAtrAe Avato hoya tema e pIparanAM TUMThAne bheTI jato vAghajI mocI, jamanAnAM kALAM bhammara jaLamAM kalpanAnI rANI saMyuktAne pakaDavA jatAM vilaya pAmatAM vidhuzekhara ane sitArA, sAraMgInA chellA sUra sAthe jIvananA aMtima zvAsa leto gavaiyo indramaNi, roja savAre potAnA mAnItA paththara para ekalA AvIne 'veNunA nAmanI traNa bUmo sAthe phUla mUkato jumo bhistI - AnAM udAharaNa che. dhUmaketunAM pAtro potAnI koI ne koI dhUnamAM racyApacyAM hoya che, e dhUnano, e Teka yA Adarzano bhaMga sahevAne badale prANatyAga yu0

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zabdasaMnidhi karavI bahetara mAne che. bhaiyAdAdA, iMdramaNi ke vidhuzekhara potAnI bhAvanA ke Adarza tyajavAne badale jIvanano aMta ANI de che. sarjaka enA pAtranI sAthe dhasamasatA lAgaNInA vegamAM taNAya tyAre kaLA sarI jAya che. dhUmaketunI keTalIka navalikAomAM ekanI eka bhAvanA punarAvartana pAme che. kalAprema ane mAnavapremanuM hRddha nirUpatI 'kalpanAnI mUrtio' ane 'mazahura gavaiyo', sthaLaprema AlekhatI bhaiyAdAdA' ane 'janmabhUmino tyAga' tathA atRpta vAsanAne viSaya karatI 'akhaMDa jyota' ane 'kesarI vAghA'mAM vArtAnA vAghA judA che paNa AtmA eka ja che. kaeNlenDara enuM e rahe ane tArIkha badalAtI jAya ema bhAva, vicAra, lAgaNI ke kathayitavya eka hoya che; mAtra nAma, prasaMga ke pAtra badalAtAM hoya che. AthI dhUmaketunI vArtAomAM najare paDatuM vaividhya uparachalluM che, aMdaranuM nathI. bhAvanAnA oghamAM taNAtI A navalikAomAM vastunA sAMdhA barAbara joDAtA nathI. 'posTaoNphisamAM patra na AvavAnuM kAraNa keTaluM dhUMdhaLuM che ! kyAreka vArtAnuM motivation barAbara spaSTa thatuM nathI. 'janmabhUmino tyAga' navalikAnA zIrSaka, prAraMbha ane aMtane jotAM ema lAge che ke lekhaka bhUmipremanI kathA kahevA cAhe che. paNa vAghajInI patnI mAMdI paDe, gharamAM bhUkhamaro ghUrakavA lAge, vAghajIne bhIkha mAgavA nIkaLavuM paDe, sinemA pAse UbhelA juvAno, kathA sAMbhaLatA zrotAjano ke AratI utArIne pAchA pharatA bhakto AgaLa dharelo vAghajIno hAtha bhoMTho paDe - evI vArtAnI madhyamAM AvatI lAMbI kathA vAghajInI durdazA batAve che, keTalIka Arthika ane sAmAjika bAbato tarapha lakSa paNa dore che, vAtAvaraNanA karuNane vadhu ghUMTe paNa che, paraMtu AmAMnI koI bAbata bhUmiprema batAvavA upakAraka banatI nathI. AthI ekasAthe be vArtA dhUmaketuno sthira prakAza cAlatI lAge che. lekhakano navalikA pAchaLano hetu taravarato rahevAne badale te bIjI vAtanI nIce dabAI jAya che. keTalAMka pAtro viSe joIe to 'goviMdanuM khetaramAM zaheramAM bhaNelA govidane to gAmaDAM tarapha sUga hoya, paNa enI patnI bhAgIrathIne gAmaDuM kema khAvA doDe che, te samajAtuM nathI. saMgItamAM AtmAne jagADavAnI tAkAta jotI, karNATakanI mUrtimAna sarasvatI jevI tArA iMdramaNinA saMgIta para ovArI jaIne enI jIvanasAthI bane che ane pachI munImanI vAtone mAnI le tathA sAraMgIne potAnI zokya mAnavA lAge, evuM pAchale page cAlatuM parivartana zakya che kharuM ? AmrapAlIno strItvano khyAla, enI zarato, eno dezaprema ane bibisAra sAtheno saMbaMdha ane putratyAga saheje meLa dharAvatAM nathI.* 'pRthvI ane svargamAM 'e pradezamAM vivAhane koI jANatuM nahi' ema kahyA pachI 'tyAM koI bAlavidhavA thatI nahIM' ema kahevAno artha zo ? sitArAnA dAdA ane AnaMdamohanane to khuda lekhake ja 'vicitra prakRtinA' kahe che ! goviMda, kuMtI, vilAsI lakSmI ane tArA jevAM pAtro tarapha lekhake ochI sahAnubhUti batAve che. bhAgye ja koI pAtranA svabhAvanI vidha-vidha chaTAo ane lAkSaNikatAo AlekhAI che. moTe bhAge pAtranA vyaktitvanA eka ja aMza para bhAra mukAyo che, jethI pAtro type banI gayAM che. keTalAMka pAtronuM mAnasa-parivartana kamika rIte nahIM, paNa nikaTanA snehInA viyoga ke mRtyuthI thAya che. putrIviyogathI alI ane mAtA-pitAnA mRtyuthI AnaMdamohanamAM parivartana Ave che. AvI haiyApalaTAnI kathAmAM garviSTha dulArI ane * AnI vigatavAra carcA mATe juo sva. rAmanArAyaNa pAThaka-kRta 'sAhityavimarza ' (dvitIya AvRtti), pR. 249 thI 252

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zabdasaMnidhi vezyA banelI kuMtInA parivartananI kathA nokhI bhAta pADe che. mAtRpremanI ArtacIse jAgrata banelI kuMtInI vAtsalyadhArA tamAma avarodhane vaTAvIne codhAra vahe che. ApaNA navalikAkAranI zraddhA jIvananAM udAtta mUlyomAM karelI che. teo potAnI navalikA dvArA vAcakane preraNAdAyI saMdeza ApavA mAge che. dhUmaketunI prema vizenI bhAvanA 'hRdayadarzana', 'pRthvI ane svarga', "akhaMDa jyota' ane 'arIso mAM jovA maLe che. 'sneha doSane pI jAya che. doSa na pivAya te neha nahIM' evI snehanI sAttvika bhAvanA jovA maLe che, to enAthI sAva virodhI evI anItimaya zRMgAranA kadarUpApaNAnI vAta 'arIso mAM maLe che. sukezI dvArA premanI aprameyatA ane ajeyatA batAve che, to sAvitrImAM janmAntare e ja pati pAmavAnI jhaMkhanA vyakta thAya che. keTalIka navalikAomAM enA kalevarane hAni pahoMcADe tevI rIte lekhakanI mAnyatA, Agraho ane ardhasatyo AvyAM che. lekhakano jUnavaTa mATeno Adara vadhu to navAM vaheNonAM tiraskAra dvArA pragaTa thAya che. 'bhaiyAdAdA'ne aMte Avato yaMtra saMskRti taraphano emano roSa AkhIya vArtAnA ghATane roLI nAkhe che. emanI zaherI saMskRti vizenI TIkAo ghaNI bolakI che. 'goviMdanuM khetara 'mAM zaherI jIvanamAM UcharelAM mAnavIomAM jaDatA, prapaMca, svArtha ane daMbha ja hoya, tema grAmajIvanamAM badhe nikhAlasatA, saccAI ane niSpApapaNuM ja jovA dhUmaketuno sthira prakAza maLe, te vAta eka pracArakanI hade jaIne spaSTa kare che. zaherI samAjamAM teo saMskRtino nAza jue che. lekhakanuM A manogata 'goviMdanuM khetaramAM bhAgIrathInA mukhe skuTa rIte vyakta thAya che : 'beTA ! A prakRtinuM sauMdarya, khetaranI svAdhInatA, lIlI vADI ne jiMdagInI tAjagI khoI, yaMtronA mohamAM zaheramAM ApaghAta karavAno pATha koNa ApI rahyuM che ? zuM gAmaDAM bhikhArI thaze, ne zahero gulAma thaze, e A saMskRtinuM dhyeya che ?" (pR. 96) 'jumo bhistI'mAM paNa lekhaka zaherI juvAnane jhapaTamAM laIne zaherI saMskRtinI TIkA karavAnI eka taka cUkatA nathI ! 'hRdayapalaTo'mAM AvatA suMdara varNanamAM 'jherIlI nAgaNanI mAphaka aneka vaLAMka laIne pharatI-simalAnI relavenI lAina'mAM paNa sarja no Adhunika saMskRti taraphano roSa Tapake che . dhUmaketunI AdarzagI romaeNnTika jIvanadRSTine gAmaDAmAM kAvyamayatA lAge che. dhUmaketunuM jIvanadarzana ekAMgI, pokaLa ke khoTuM che, evI mAnyatA sAmAnyapaNe pravarte che. paraMtu koI paNa sarca kanA jIvanadarzanane ke enAM idealismne khoTuM kahI na zakAya. pratye kanuM idealism nokhuM nokhuM hoya ane tenI sAme koI vAMdho na laI zake. kharekhara to dhUmaketu jIvanadarzana ke idealismnI tAravaNI mATe sAcA pramayo racavAmAM 'goviMdanuM khetara" ke 'pRthvI ane svarga' jevI navalikAomAM niSphaLa gayA che, ema kahevuM joIe. sarjakanuM idealism ke jIvanadarzana ane dictate kare tyAre kalAkRtine hAni thAya che. AthI bhAvake to idealism vArtA dvArA kalAtmaka rIte phalita thAya che ke nahIM, te ja jovAnuM rahyuM. dhUmaketunA purogAmIo ane samakAlIno navalikAmAM pratyeka vigata eTalI mUrta banAvIne mUkatAM ke vAcakane kazuM vicAravAnuM rahetuM + zrI jayaMtI dalAle eka parisaMvAdamAM kahyuM hatuM ke dhUmaketue kumAra kAryAlayamAM 'taNakhAmaMDaLa 1' chapAvavA ApyuM, tyAre dareka vArtAne aMte emAMthI nIkaLato sAra lakhyo hato. zrI bacubhAI rAvate enuM saMpAdana karatI veLAe Avo sAre kADhI nAkhyo hato.

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zabdasaMnidhi ja nahIM. sarjaka bhAvakanI AMgaLI jhAlIne ene vArtApradezamAM dorato. AthI sahRdayanI zaktine paDakAra ke AhvAna thatuM nahIM, paNa dhUmaketunI navalikA vizenI vibhAvanA A viSayamAM sArI evI sUjha dharAvanArI che. teo kahe che - "navalakathA je kahevAnuM hoya te kahI nAkhe che, TUMkI vArtA kalpanA ane lAgaNIo jagAvIne je kahevAnuM hoya teno mAtra dhvani jataNakho ja- muke che." paraMtu dhUmaketunI A vibhAvanA emanA sarjanamAM ghaNI vAra sAthe jaNAtI nathI. 'bhaiyAdAdA'ne aMte sarjaka pote ja rahasya athavA vArtAsAra ApI de che. lalitamohana ane sukezI jevAM pAtronI sUtrAtmaka uktimAMthI navalikAnuM rahasyodghATana thaI jAya che. 'akhaMDa jyota' ke 'goviMdanuM khetara' jevI vArtAo to rahasyanI khIMTI para TAMgelA DagalA jevI banI gaI che. TUMkI vArtAe to dhvani ja - taNakho ja - mUkavAno, evI samaja dharAvanArA sarjaka dhUmaketu vAcakane saheje AyAsa ke zrama na karavo paDe eTalI hade kathayitavyane pragaTa kema karatA haze ? zuM bhAvaka vizenI emanI zraddhA ochI haze ? AmAM bhAvakanI zaktinA apamAnanI sAthe sAthe sarjakane khuda potAnAmAM ocho vizvAsa lAge che. e game te hoya, paNa bhAvakano 'avyakta madhura' khoLavAno AnaMda to harI ja le che ! 1 dhUmaketune bhAvanA, prasaMga ke lAgaNImAM jeTalo rasa che, eTalo e dvArA pragaTa thatA jIvananAM balAbalomAM nathI. emanI navalikAomAM kyAreka prasaMga-AlekhananI paLojaNamAM pAtra jhAMkhuM paDI jAya che. pAtramAnasanA staro ukheLavAne badale ke enA vyaktitvamAM avagAhana karAvavAne badale bhAvanA hAthamAM mAtra prasaMga rahI jAya che. 'tAraNahAra' ane 'kesarI vAghA' jevI vArtAomAM temaja dolatanA * 'taNakhAmaMDaLa 1' (bAramI AvRtti), prastAvanA, pR. 10 99 dhUmaketuno sthira prakAza pAtrane anuSaMge prasaMga vadhu UpasyA che ane pAtra jhAMkhAM paDI gayAM che. 'taNakhAmaMDaLa 1'mAM pragaTa thatI sarjaka dhUmaketunI varNanakalA vize vicArIe to AnaMdapuranA eka khUNAnuM, naMdagirinuM, bhaiyAdAdAnI oraDInuM ke daravezanI jhUMpaDInuM temaja, 'posTaoNphisa'mAM AvatuM pAchalI rAtanuM ane 'bhIkhu'mAM prAraMbhanuM varNana vArtAne uThAva Ape che. amuka manodazA ke paristhiti AlekhatAM A varNano bhAvone sAkAra karavAnI sAthe citrAtmakatA lAve che. prAkRtika jIvananI samRddhine chalakAvatAM 'pRthvI ane svarga'nAM varNano mulAyama vAtAvaraNa sarje che. 'goviMdanuM khetara' jevI navalikAomAM varNana khuda 'romaeNnTika' bane che, to vaLI dhUmaketunI navalikAomAM varNana idealized thaI jAya che. vAMcya rAkhavAnuM mana thAya evAM keTalAMya varNano 'taNakhAmaMDaLa 1'mAMthI maLI Ave. paNa A varNano vArtAne kharekhara upakAraka che kharAM ? keTaleka sthaLe varNanonI nAnI-moTI vigato sArtha banIne kathayitavya bhaNI dorI jatI nathI. A varNano badhe arthapUrNa - TUMkI vArtAnI apekSAe banatAM nathI. TUMkI vArtAmAM to ene upakAraka na hoya, e badhuM ja enuM mAraka bane che. paraMtu e noMdhavuM joIe ke keTaleka sthaLe to dhUmaketune je vastu rajU karavI che, te mATe varNanano Azaro lIdhA vinA cAle tema nathI. nalikAno bhAva-pariveza ja AnI mAgaNI kare che. 'kalpanAnI mUrtio' ke 'sonerI paMkhI'mAMthI varNano kADhI nAkhIe to kazuM bace kharuM ? vArtAmAM AvatA saMvAdo enA pravAhane gati ApatA, dhakko lagAvatA nathI. ekavidha jaNAtA saMvAdo pAtranI viziSTa mudrA pragaTAvI zakatA nathI. dhUmaketunI navalikAomAM Thera Thera sacoTa ane hrayasparzI ciMtanakaNo maLe che. e samayanA keTalAya sahityazokhInonI s -

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zabdasaMnidhi noMdhapothImAM e TapakAvelA paNa maLI Ave ! AvAM ciMtanakaNo ke sutro kyAreka vArtAnA rahasyane skuTa karI de che. 'akhaMDa jyota'mAM Arya nArInA gauravane batAvatAM lekhakanAM uddhodhano (pR. 64) sarasvatIcaMdranA prathama bhAgamAM govardhanarAme AryanArInI prazaMsA karatAM saubhAgyadevI vize AlekhelA udgAronI yAda Ape che, paNa 'akhaMDa jyota'mAM AvatA dhUmaketunA A udgAro talabhAra paNa vadhArAnI vastu na khamI zake evA TUMkI vArtAnA svarUpane vicchinna karI nAkhe che. 'paTAvALA e vIsamI sadImAM adhikArIonI strIonA khAnagI kArabhArI jevA che." ('posTaoNphisa', pR. 7) athavA "yuddha pachI haMmezAM baMdhutvanI vArtAe caDavAnI jagatanI jUnI Teva hoya che." ('kesarI vAdhA', pR. 187)mAM sarjakanI kaTAkSapUrNa anubhavavANI maLe che. A saMgrahanI navalikAonA Ayojanano vicAra karIe to 'bhaiyAdAdAmAM bhaiyAnI parokSa upasthitithI thato vArtAprAraMbha noMdhapAtra che. TenikanI vizeSatA dharAvatI 'arIsorTamAM Akho kathApravAha arIsA para ja vahe che. "akhaMDa jyota'nI kathanakalo subjective che, paNa e sAthe lekhakanA aMgata Agraho ane Avezo DokyiAM karI jAya che. 'goviMdanuM khetara' ane 'pRthvI ane svargamAM pahelAM tALo meLavIne pachI dAkhalo gaNavAmAM Ave tema lekhakanI vicAraNA pramANe navalikA cAle che. vaLI AmAM nibaMdhikAnAM tattvo paNa ghUsI gayAM che. 'eka bhUla' e akasmAta ane gerasamaja para AdhArita vArtA che. AmAM gerasamaja kaMIka samajI zakAya, paNa akasmAta to akasmAta ja rahe che. vArtAnA ghATano vicAra karIe to 'jumo bhistI', 'bhIkhu' ane 'bhaiyAdAdA' (aMtane bAda karatAM) suzliSTa racanA gaNI zakAya. 'tAraNahAra', 'madabhara nenAM', 'AtmAnAM AMsu', 'kesarI vAghA" ane dhUmaketuno sthira prakAza 'sonerI paMkhI' jevI navalikAomAMthI thoDuM gALI nAkhyuM hota to kalAghATanI surekhatA vadhI hota. 'goviMdanuM khetara' ane 'hRdayapalaTo' e to navalakathAne yogya vastu dharAvatI navalikA che. 'AtmAnAM AMsu mAM varSonA vyApamAM kathA kahevAI che, to thoDe aMze 'pRthvI ane svarga' temaja vizeSa pramANamAM 'goviMdanuM khetara " bodhakathA ja banI rahe che. sarjana-vyApAranA sAcA phaLa jevI A navalikAo tIvra UrmikSobhane pariNAme sarjAyelI che. AmAM sarjaka-cittane thayelo sauMdaryAbhimukhatA ane vAstavikatAno kaThora sparza anubhavAya che. dhUmaketu samartha vArtAkAra ane gadyasvAmI che. aMgata Agraho, AtyaMtika rIte lAgaNI nirUpavAnI Teva, bhASAnI sajAvaTa ane badhuM kahI devAnI vRttine kAraNe TUMkI vArtAnI vibhAvanAne anurUpa kaLAnuM sarjana temanI pAsethI maLyuM nathI. paraMtu TUMkI vArtAne kalAmaya ghATa ApavAnI dizAmAM temanuM e prasthAna hatuM. jIvaMta pAtracitraNa ane sarjanAtmaka chaTAvALI gadyazailIne kAraNe TUMkI vArtAnA kasabI tarIke temanuM aitihAsika mahattva che ja. gujarAtI vArtA vaMcAze tyAM sudhI dhUmaketu yAda rahevAnA. amuka maryAdA chatAM temanI vArtAo sAhityanA paTa para sthira teje prakAzyA karaze emAM zaMkA nathI.

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dhIkhatI saMvedanAnuM kAvya priya surezabhAI, eprila 1980no 'kavitA'no eka gAmanA goMdare vaDanI nIce ekaThI thayelI suMdarIonA meLA jevo che. emAM cATUktiothI 'smArTa' dekhAIne kavitAnI paMgatamAM parANe beThelI kRtio che, tema dhIragaMbhIra marmavANI bolatI prauDhA jevI racanAo paNa che. vaLI amuka udaMDa, nakharALI ne amuka izkanI AganA aMgArA jevI gajhalo che. paNa mane gamI gaI te pramANamAM ajANI lAgatI paNa gAmaDAnI gorI jevI haletI, ane baliSTha kAThAnI, hasatAM hasatAM mAnavahastInI kAtila karuNatA vyakta karI detI lAlajI kAnapariyAnI A 'nasIbajoguM gIta' e kRti che. Alle, mArI lohI nIgaLatI hatheLIethI nasIbapaNuM chaTakIne bhAgyuM koI jhAlI re jhAlo. thIjI gayelI sparzI nAmanI nadIe kevaLa khaLakhaLa vahevuM mAgyuM koI mane Alo re Alo. hai tejalade ! lakhavuM hoya to lakhI zakAya nAma tamAruM DALa uparathI kharI paDelA pAne. sAva akALe pILuM pAna thaI kharavuM'tuM to kuMpaLa jevuM sagapaNa thaIne UgI gayuM'tAM zAne ? amathuM amathuM aDakI beThAM ghUghavatA jaLane to dariyA jevI dariyo paNa kAlo re ThAlo. * eprila '80nA 'kavitA'nA aMkanI zreSTha kRtinI pasaMdagI vize zrI sureza dalAlane lakhelo abhiprAya-patra. 90 dhIkhatI saMvedanAnuM kAvya Alle, mArI lohI nIMgaLatI hatheLIethI nasIbaparNa chaTakIne bhAgye koI jhAlo re jhAlo. phaLiyuM, zerI, coka, nagara badhuM ye cUpa eTale hoya kadAca saMketa koInA abhAvano paNa. taDako, mRgajaLa, hAMpha ane baLabaLatI AMkho ityAdino ja artha kadAca thato haze eka raNa. he maMna ! jAgI UThatI bhUtAvaLano deza tajIne smaraNa vihoNA nagara bhaNI cAlI re cAlo. Alle, mArI lohI nIMgaLatI hatheLIethI nasIbapaNuM chaTakIne bhAgyuM koI jhAlo re jhAlo. jiMdagInI vyarthatA kAM to vairAgyarUpe ke kAM to viSAdarUpe vyakta thatI AvI che. vairAgyanI vAta junavANI thaI. to viSAdanI vAta karatAM karatAM kavitAnuM jharaNuM raNamAM sukAI jAya evuM ApaNA keTalAka navInonI bAbatamAM bane che. emAM kyAMya lIlotarI na dekhAya. A kavine vAta to vyarthatAnI ja karavI che, paNa abhivyaktimAM evo ThassAdAra laheko Ave che ke enI paMktie paMktimAM basa lIlotarI ja lIlotarI dekhAya. pahelI lITIno pahelo ja zabda juone. chalAMga mArIne A juvAna tamArI sAme hatheLI dharIne Ubho che ne kahe che : 'Alle, mArI lohI nIgaLatI hatheLIethI nasIbapaNuM chaTakIne bhAgyuM koI jhAlo re jhAlo' tame camako cho. 'Alle' zabda ane temAMthI UbhI thatI mudrA tamane camakAve che. chaTakI jatA nasIbane - nasIbapaNAne pakaDavA mATe jANe ke te pAchaLa doDato bUma pADe che. 'koI jhAlo re jhAlo' paNa vyartha...... vyartha.... durbhAgye pADelA traNa zabda, laya ne chaTAmAMthI dUjhatA 31

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zabdasaMnidhi hoya evI chApa paDe che. athavA kaho ke dUjhatA traNanI dhAra banIne A zabdo Ave che. e dhAra gItanI paMkti jeTalI lAM...bI che. bIjI paMktimAM evI ja marmavedhaka vedanA che te buThThI thaI gayelI lAgaNInI kiva kITsa jene 'haeNpI insensibiliTI' kahelI te thIjI gayelI saMvedanAne khaLakhaLa (hatheLImAMthI vahetA lohInI mAphaka) vahetI karavI che. paNa enI tRSNA atRpta rahe che. 'koI mane Alo re Alo'mAM kevI ArjavabharI mAgaNI che ! juvAnInuM kUMpaLa jevuM sagapaNa UgyuM ne pILuM pAna thaIne kharI paDyuM ! laoNrDa maeNkolenA 'jeko bAiTsa epiTApha'mAM kahyuM che tema 'greyhaired with sorrow in my manhoods primeA juvAnane paNa kahevAnuM AvyuM che. 'tejalade'saMbodhana kevo virodhAbhAsa Ubho kare che ! kharuM jotAM AkhuM kAvya camatkRtijanaka virodhAbhAsanuM che. ghUghavatA jaLane joIne thayuM ke A dariyo che. paNa amathuM aDakI joyuM to Akho dariyo ja khAlI ! chellAnI AgalI lITImAM 'smaraNa vihoNA' nagara bhaNInuM prasthAna sUcavyuM che. teno prAraMbha Ama to cheka pahelI lITIthI thayelo che, paNa chellI cAra lITImAM enI asara gherI bane che. zUnya lAgatI zerIno taDako, mRgajaLa ne hAMpha sahitano ullekha raNano anubhava karAve che. jIvana eTale 'jAgI UThatI bhUtAvaLano deza' ane maraNa eTale 'smaraNa vihoNuM nagara'. durdeve dAkhala karelI riktatA, ekalatA, zuSkatA ane naThoratAnuM A cIlAcAlu gIta nathI. emAM maoNrbiDiTI nathI, utsAhathI UchaLatI gatizIla ThaMkAvALI vANImAM vedanAnuM nirUpaNa karIne kavie asAdhAraNa khumArI batAvI che. raNa sivAyanI badhI vAta vyaMjanAthI karI che. kara dhIkhatI saMvedanAnuM kAvya jiMdagInI thIjI gayelI vyarthatAne arthapUrNa ane kriyAzIla zabdo dvArA pravAhita karavAno kImiyo A kavie batAvyo che te mAre mana enI viziSTatA che. rameza pArekha ke mAdhava rAmAnuja jevAM samartha pratirUpo bhale enI UMDaLamAM na AvatAM hoya, paricita pratIko dvArA je viziSTa laheko ane chaTAthI jIvana ane mRtyunAM saMvedanane ekamekamAM gUMthI batAvyAM che e tenI kavi tarIkenI saphaLatA che. A gIta samUhamAM gAvAnI oNra majA che. vAMcI jajo. 33 snehAdhIna kumArapALa

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sAhitya ane patrakAratva sAhitya ane patrakAratva e baMneno udgama bhASAkIya abhivyaktine rUpe thAya che. sarjaka potAnA hRdayanI tIvra anubhUtine kalpanAno opa ApIne bhASAnA mAdhyama dvArA navonmeSa pragaTAve che, jyAre patrakAranuM mukhya kArya mAhitI ke vicAranuM saMkramaNa sAdhavAnuM che. sAhityano saMpUrNa jhoka sarjakanI abhivyakti para che, mAhitI pIrasavA jevI bhautika upayogitA para enI najara noMdhAyelI hotI nathI. sAhitya janasamUhamAM pratiSThA pAme to e tenI yogyatAnuM pramANa che ema haMmezAM banatuM nathI, jyAre akhabArI lakhANamAM to vAcakasamUha dvArA thatI svIkRti e tenuM sauthI moTuM pramANapatra manAya che. Ama, sAhitya ane patrakAratva baMneno abhigama taddana nirALo hovA chatAM baMne vacce bhASAnI samAna bhUmikA rahelI che. bhASA para jeTalo haka sAhityano che, eTalo ja adhikAra bIjAM sAmUhika prasAraNanAM mAdhyamono che. temAM paNa akhabArano to savizeSa che. reDiyomAM zabdanI sAthe avAjanuM avalaMbana levAmAM Ave che. TelivijhanamAM zabda dRzya ane avAja baMneno sAtha le che. nATakamAM abhinaya che, paraMtu akhabAramAM to mAtra chApelA zabdanI sahAyathI ja patrakAre dhArelI asara upajAvavAnI ane upasAvavAnI che. bhASAnA mAdhyama dvArA sAhityakAra AtmAbhivyaktino uddeza sAdhe che, jyAre vartamAnapatrano uddeza mAtra vAcaka sAthe 'komyunikezana' sAdhavAno che. je joyuM ke je sAMbhaLyuM e vAcakanA citta sudhI pahoMcADavuM e ja patrakAranA kAryanI itizrI che. Ama sAhityamAM AtmAbhivyakti ane eka rIte AtmalalitAnuM tattva pravarte che, jyAre vartamAnapatramAM vastunuM sacoTa Alekhana mukhya hoya che. AtmalakSitAne sAhitya ane patrakAratva temAM bhAgye ja koI avakAza hoya che. phoTogrAphanI jema hU-ba-huM chabI pUrI pADavI e vartamAnapatrano uddeza hoya che. sAhityakAra bhASAthI sauMdaryAnubhUti ane sauMdaryabodha karAve che, jyAre patrakAra bhASAnA mAdhyamathI yathArtha darzana ke sacoTa asarano hetu sAdhe che. A bhedanuM kAraNa e che ke sAhityakAra ane patrakArano kImiyo taddana judo che. sAhityakAra zabdano baMdo che, to patrakAra zabdano sodAgara che. sAhityakAra zabdane pratIka tarIke vApare che, jyAre patrakArane mATe zabda e sIdhuM vAhana banI jAya che. eka rIte kahIe to, patrakAra zabdano sthaLa upayoga kare che, sAhityakAra teno sUkSma upayoga karI jANe che. jeTale aMze patrakAra zabdane pratIka tarIke vAparato thAya, teTale aMze enA lakhANamAM sAhityika tattva Ave che. potAnA lakhANane sAhityika sparza ApavA mATe patrakAra zabdane kalpanAno sparza ApIne teno pratIkAtmaka upayoga kare che. vartamAnapatramAM pragaTa thayelo lekha e sAhitya che evI jADI gaNatarI sAmAnya rIte pravarte che. AnuM kAraNa e che ke sAhitya ne patrakAratva baMnenuM mAdhyama bhASA che. bhASAnI abhivyakti mATe baMne sabhAna prayatno karatA hoya che ane nirUpaNanI khUbIo keLavavAno paNa sAhityakAra ane patrakArano prayAsa hoya che. sAhityakAra vAstavika paristhitine potAnI anubhUtimAM rasIne mUke che, jyAre patrakArane evuM karavAnuM hotuM nathI. AthI patrakAranA lakhANanI kiMmata samAcArarUpa vastunA tAjA vAcanamAM rahelI che, jyAre sAhityanI asara saMvedana jAgrata karavArUpe hovAne lIdhe e ciraMjIva hoya che. tethI sAhitya jyAre vAMco tyAre tAjagIno anubhava karAve che. AjanA samAcAra AvatI kAle vAsI bane che. paNa kavitA kyAreya vAsI banatI nathI. vartamAnapatranI tatkALa asara ghaNI moTI thAya che, AthI ja prajAmAM moTAM AMdolano UbhAM karavAmAM, krAMti lAvavAmAM,

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zabdasaMnidhi lokazAhIne susthita karavAmAM ke jivADavAmAM vartamAnapatra agatyanuM paribaLa gaNAya che. sAhitya ane patrakAratva bhASAno khUba upayoga kare che. AmajanatA sAthe komyunikezana' sAdhavA mATe A anivArya paNa che. bIjI bAju saMskRtamaya zailI dharAvatuM koI akhabAra ApaNe tyAM jovA nahIM maLe. evuM valaNa dharAvatuM akhabAra bahu lokapriya paNa na nIvaDe. vaLI jarUriyAta pramANe akhabAra potAnI AgavI paribhASA paNa UbhI karI le che. bhASAnA vikAsa sAthe jeTalo sAhityane saMbaMdha che, teTalo ja balake enAthI vizeSa saMbaMdha patrakAratvane che. vartamAnapatre potAnA upayoga mATe bhASAne viziSTa rIte khIlavI che. citrAtmakatA, ulbodhana, bhAvasabharatA, jusso - A badhAnI vartamAnapatrane jarUra paDe. AthI bhASAne eNe e rIte khIlavavA prayAsa karyo che. eka rIte to abhivyakti mATe sAhityakAra karatAM paNa patrakArane satata paDakAra jhIlavAno hoya che. navalakathAmAM rAja darabAranuM varNana karavAnuM hoya, to 'sarasvatIcaMdra' bhAga-1mAM AvatuM bhUpasiMhanA darabAranuM varNana yAda karIe; paraMtu patrakArane to A duniyAmAM vakhatovakhata thatA judA judA rAjyAbhiSe konA ahevAlo lakhavAnA Ave che. nepALanA rAjAno ke iMglenDanI rANInA rAjyAbhiSeka vakhate taddana virodhI paristhitiono eNe sAmano karavAno hoya che. ethIye vizeSa keTalAka banAvo evA bane che ke je patrakAranI kalamanI, enI nirUpaNazaktinI agniparIkSA banI rahe che. mAnavI avakAzamAM cAlyo ke mAnavI caMdranI dharatI para Utaryo e ghaTanA ane enA romAMcane sAkAra karavA patrakAranuM zabdasAmarthya kasoTIe caDhe che. tenAmAM rahelI sarjakatA abhivyakti vakhate enI madade Ave che. prathama aNubaoNmbathI sarjAyelo mAnavasaMhAra batAvavA mATe ke bhAratanA aNuprayoganI jagatane jANa karavA mATe patrakArane khUba parizrama kheDavo paDe che. prajAmAnasa para tatkALa asara karavA mATe patrakAratvane jozIlI ane baLakaTa bhASAnI jarUra paDe che. AmAM taLapadI bhASA vadhu kAma ApI zake. te sahelAIthI coTadAra banatI hovAthI akhabAro taLapadI sAhityika lakhANa ane akhabArI lakhANano bheda e che ke sAhitya e kalAnI sabhAnatA ane gaMbhIratAthI sarjelo kasaba che, jyAre patrakAranuM lakhANa e evA kArIgarano kasaba che ke je gaMbhIra ane jAgrata hovA chatAM kalAnI sabhAnatA dAkhavI zakato nathI. akhabArI lakhANane chApAnI jhaDapa ane samayanI maryAdA sAthe tAla-se kadama milAvavAnA hoya che. akhabArI lekhana para eka evo AkSepa karavAmAM Ave che ke enuM khUba jhaDapI utpAdana thatuM hoya che, paraMtu jhaDapathI lakhavuM te koI AsAna bAbata nathI. A mATe lakhanAra pAse viSayanuM vaividhya ane zailI pAsethI dhAryuM kAma kaDhAvavAnI AvaData hovAM joIe. maeNththu ArnalTe patrakAratvane 'utAvaLe lakhAyeluM sAhitya' (Literature written in a hurry) kahyuM che. patrakArane sAhityakAra jeTalI nirAMte lakhavAnI anukuLatA hotI nathI. enA para samayano takAdo hoya che. sAhityamAM jeTalI abhivyaktinI mokaLAza, pasaMdagInuM vaividhya ane prayogazIlatA hoya che eTalI patrakAratvamAM nathI, kAraNa ke patrakArane potAnA 'bajAra'nI mAMgano satata khyAla rAkhavo paDe che. Ama chatAM sAhityamAM vartamAnapatra Ave che, enA karatAM vartamAnapatramAM sAhitya vizeSa Ave che. AthI ja patrakAratva e sAhityika racanAnuM pravezadvAra gaNAya che, kAraNa ke enI pAsethI lekhakane Avazyaka pUrvabhUmikA ane tAlIma maLI rahe che. ghaNA

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zabdasaMnidhi khyAtanAma sarjako pahelAM patrakAro hatA ane pachI prasiddha lekhako banyo. akhabAranuM moTA bhAganuM lakhANa samayanI phremamAM maDhAyeluM hoya che. Ano artha evo nathI ke akhabAramAM AvatuM badhuM lakhANa prAsaMgika ane kSaNajIvI hoya che. bIjI rIte vicArIe to sAhityamAM paNa keTaluM sarjana ciraMjIva hoya che ? kALanA pravAhamAM keTalI badhI kRtio vismRtithI vIMTaLAI gaI hoya che ! AthI ema kahI zakAya ke sAhityanA utkRSTa sarjananI mAphaka patrakAranuM ucca koTinuM lakhANa paNa ciraMjIva bane che. sAhitya ane patrakAratva arnesTa hemiMgva ane jhona sTAinabeka jevA samartha sAhityasarjakoe potAnA lekhanano prAraMbha akhabArI lakhANathI karyo hato. 1932nA jAnyuArInA 'Fortnightly Review'mAM jANItA lekhaka Aivara brAuna lakhe che : sAhitya ane patrakAratva vacce khAsa koI pAyAno taphAvata nathI. mAtra amuka samayane aMtare pragaTa thavAne kAraNe patrakAratvamAM alpajIvitA hoya che. sAhityanA pustakanI bAMdhaNI pAkI hoya che ane bIjAnI kAcI hoya che. vaLI keTalAka loko gapasapane sucitita kRtinI sAthe bheLavI daIne patrakAratva pratye suga darzAve che ane keTalAka to eka ke be AnAmAM te maLatuM hoya che eTale ene halakuM gaNe che." e hakIkata che ke akhabAranA sAmAnya kAgaLa paranAM ghaNAM lakhANoe pustakanuM AgavuM rUpa dhAraNa karyuM che. e sAmayiko addezya thaI gayAM hoya, paraMtu e lakhANo pustakanA sthAyI rUpamAM hajI paNa AnaMda pAme che. Ama, patrakAratva e sAhityanI sAmagrI dharAvatuM eka prAthamika rUpa che. gherA raMga (Loud Colours) ane kaMIka aMze sthaLa (Crude) svarUpa dharAvatuM patrakAratva sAhityanI kAcI sAmagrI pUrI pADe che. ghaNI vAra AjanuM akhabArI lekhana AvatI kAlanuM sAhitya banatuM hoya che. cArlsa DikansanI vikhyAta navalakathA "A Tale of | Two Cities' pahelAM "All the Year Round" nAmanA sAmayikamAM pragaTa thaI hatI. vakhata jatAM ene sAhitya tarIke svIkAravAmAM AvI. vaLI patrakAratva pAsethI lekhakone uttama kakSAnI tAlIma maLe che. emAMthI sAMpaDelA AtmavizvAsane pariNAme keTalAka manorama sAhityasarjana karyuM che. chellA be saikAmAM iMglenDamAM ghaNA patrakAroe ucca kakSAnuM sAhityasarjana karyuM che. AmAM Deniyala DIpho josepha eDisana, ricArDa sTIla, jonAthana sviphTa, cArlsa Dikansa, rUDayArDa kipliga, AnaoNlDa beneTa, jhona gArDsavardhI, jI. ke. cesTaraTana, eca. jI. velsa, jyaoNrja barnArDa zaoN, Arthara vIlara kUca, jI. ke. prile, rebekA vesTa vagereno samAveza thAya che. amerikAmAM paNa elekjhAnDara hemilTana, viliyama brAnTa, heriyaTa sTIva, mArka Tveina, gujarAtamAM sAmAnya rIte akhabArI lakhANa eTale sAhityathI halakuM lakhANa evo pUrvagraha pravartato jovA maLe che. e lakhANane chApALavI zailI' kahIne ghaNI vAra utArI pADavAmAM Ave che. jhaDapathI pragaTa thatAM akhabAromAM zailInI sughaDatA ke joDaNInI zuddhi vize pUratI takedArI rAkhavAmAM AvatI nathI. paraMtu A doSane najaramAM rAkhIne akhabAramAM pragaTa thatAM lakhANone utArI pADavAM e yogya gaNAya

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zabdasaMnidhi nahIM. zrI kanaiyAlAla munazInI prasiddha navalakathA 'pATaNanI prabhutA' pahelAM "vIsamI sadI" mAsikamAM haptAvAra pragaTa thaI hatI. zrI jhaveracaMda meghANInA ghaNA sAhityanI gaMgotrI dainika patrakAratva che. lokamAnya TiLaka, mahAtmA gAMdhIjI, kizoralAla mazarUvALA, kAkA kAlelakara, AcArya AnaMdazaMkara dhruva, umAzaMkara jozI jevAnA vividha sAmayikomAM pragaTa thayelA lekho pustakAkAre jovA maLe che. gujarAtI sAhityamAM ghaNI moTI saMkhyAmAM navalakathAkAro dainika dvArA AgaLa AvyA che. guNavaMtarAya AcArya, cunIlAla va. zAha, zivakumAra jozI, Izvara peTalIkara, mohammada mAMkaDa, viThThala paMDyA, sAraMga bAroTa ane zayadA jevA ghaNA navalakathAkAroe akhabAramAM lakhIne potAnI sarjanapravRttino prAraMbha karyo che. zrI sureza joSInI 'mAnavInAM mana' jevI kaoNlama zuddha sAhityika baranI hovA chatAM temAM pratibiMbita saMvedanAne kAraNe rocaka vAcana pUruM pADe che. 'prajAbaMdhu'nI sAhityacarcA, 'gujarAtI'nI sAhityapUrtinI saLaMga zreNI, 'janmabhUmi'no "kalama ane kitAba" vibhAga temaja 'saMskRti', 'kumAra', 'graMtha' ane 'navacetana' jevAM sAmayikoe karelI sAhityasevA bhUlI zakAze nahIM. akhabAra e sAmUhika prasAraNanAM mAdhyamomAMnuM eka gaNAya che, tema chatAM e sAhitya sAthe atyaMta nikaTano saMbaMdha dharAve che. je patra sAhityika dRSTie vadhu sughaDa ane vadhu rocaka vAcana pUruM pADe te UMcI koTinuM ema atyAre paNa manAya che. sAmagrI vartamAnapatranI hoya, vartamAnapatra mATe hoya chatAM e sAmagrIne sAhityika ghATa ApavAno patrakArano satata prayatna hoya che. patrakAratvanA vikAsa sAthe paNa sAhitya saMkaLAyeluM rahyuM che. 'navacetana'nA taMtrIzrI cAMpazIbhAI udezIne sAhitya ane 20 sAhitya ane patrakAratva patrakAratva vaccenA saMbaMdha aMge prazna pUchatAM temaNe Avo uttara Apyo hato : "kharuM jotAM to patrakAratva e sAhityano ja eka prakAra che. paNa e prakAra eka rIte prAsaMgika ane alpajIvI hoIne sAhityanA anyAnya prakAro jeTaluM mahattva ane na apAya e svAbhAvika che. sAhityanuM AyuSya jeTaluM vadhAre eTaluM adakuM enuM mUlya. eTale ja ApaNe sAmAnyataH patrakAratvane sAhitya lekhatA nathI. sAhityano mULa artha che 'sAdhana'. e mULa arthAnusAra patrakAratva paNa janatAne sAMprata pravAhothI paricita rAkhavAnuM sAdhana che. paNa patrano pratyeka aMka jhaDapabhera taiyAra karavAno hoIne e taiyAra karatI veLA sAhityanI ciraMjIvatAnI dRSTi rAkhavI pAlavatI nathI, Ama chatAM have vartamAnapatro paNa sAhityano yoga sAdhatAM thayAM che. patrakArane sAhityano jeTalo vadhu sparza teTale aMze e vadhAre sArI rIte rajUAta karI zake ema huM mAnuM chuM. sAhityanA lezamAtra sparza vinAnuM patrakAratva mIThA vinAnA bhojana jevuM lekhAya." sAhityakAra patrakAratvane kaI rIte samRddha karI zake teno suMdara dAkhalo sva. jhaveracaMda meghANIe pUro pADyo che. sAhityanI phoramane vartamAnapatramAM mUkIne, temaja sAhityanI mUlyavattAne saheje hAni pahoMcADyA vinA sAhityika sugaMdhavALI, haLavAzabharI, pAsAdAra bhASAno emaNe prayoga ryo che. 1941mAM amadAvAdamAM komI ramakhANa thayAM tyAre jhaveracaMda meghANIe tejasvI zailIvALA lokonAM hRdaya para sacoTa chApa pADe tevA lekho ApyA hatA. 'chello kaToro', 'hajAro varSanI jUnI' ane 'mADI tAro beTaDo Ave, AzAhIna ekalo Ave' e gAMdhIjI goLamejI pariSadamAMthI pAchA AvyA tyAre lakheluM 81

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zabdasaMnidhi kAvya tenAM ciraMjIva dRSTAMto che. 1969mAM gAMdhI zatAbdInA varSamAM AvAM ramakhANa thayAM tyAre karasanadAsa mANeke 'zatAbdIno jalaso juo jhaLahaLe che!' evuM kAvya ApyuM hatuM. Avo banAva bane tyAre kvacit sAhityakAra AkhuM pustaka racAya teTalI rAha joto nathI. prasaMganI tatkALa abhivyakti mATe akhabArano Azaro le che. A dRSTie patrakAratva e sAhityanI sAmagrI dharAvatuM enuM prAthamika rUpa che. sAhitya patrakAratvane aNagamAnI najare jue che, enuM eka kAraNa patrakAra upayogamAM letI bhASAnA gherA raMgo (Loud colours) che. vAcaka para tAtkAlika asara UbhI karavA mATe te atizayoktino Azraya le che e patrakAratvanI moTI kamajorI che. 'The Times' ane 'gArDiyana' jevAM akhabAro zabdanI abhivyaktimAM je samatolapaNuM rAkhe che te dhaDo levA jevAM che. Ama chatAM patrakAratva sAhityanI kAcI sAmagrI pUrI pADe che. vartamAnapatronuM anubhavavizva asIma che. 'nyUjha sTorI', sAmAjika banAvo, rAja kIya paristhiti, dezavidezamAM banatA vilakSaNa banAvo - Ama vartamAnapatre potAno pathAro eTalo vizALa banAvyo che ke enAthI sAhitya paNa aLaguM rahI zakyuM nathI. ghaNI navalakathAonuM kathAvastu, pAtro, emAMnAM samAjacitro ane enuM seTiMga - AmAMthI keTalIka sAmagrI vartamAnapatramAMthI sIdhI lIdhI hoya athavA tenI sIdhI asara dharAvatI lAge che. sAhityakAranI sAmagrInuM eka mahattvanuM sAdhana vartamAnapatra banyuM che. rojiMdA jIvananuM avalokana, svAnubhava, itihAsa, vijJAna ane bIjAnA anubhavo jevAM sAmagrI meLavavAnAM anya sAdhano sarjaka pAse che paNa sAhityanuM mUlya sAmagrI parathI aMkAtuM nathI, jyAre vartamAnapatranuM mUlya sAmagrI parathI aMkAya che. vartamAnapatramAM vedhaka rajUAta ane sacoTa zailI hoya che. paNa te sAhitya ane patrakAratva haMmezAM 'sensezanala' sAmagrInI zodhamAM rahe che. sAhitya mATe AvI sAmagrInI anivAryatA nathI. rojanA jIvana sAthe saMparka rahe te mATe vartamAnapatrane enI jarUriyAta lagabhaga anivArya che. zAzvata sAthe saMbaMdha bAMdhavA mATe sAhityanI jarUra che. vartamAnapatramAM jovA maLatuM zAzvata sAthe saMbaMdha bAMdhI ApanAruM sAhitya apavAdarUpa che. sAhitya vartamAnapatrathI jalakamalavatuM kadI rahI zakavAnuM nathI. bIjI bAju sAhitya vinA vartamAnapatro khoDaMgAtAM khoDaMgAtAM paNa cAlaze, paraMtu emano avagamanano - komyunikezanano - dharma bajAvavAmAM pUrAM saphaLa nahIM thAya. AthI ja AjanAM vartamAnapatroe mAtra samAcAra ApIne besI rahevAne badale potAnI vastusAmagrIne vadhu sAhityika phorama ApavA prayAsa karyo che. AmAM sAhityasvarUpone custa vaLagI rahevAne badale potAnI jarUriyAta pramANe akhabAroe keTalAka maulika umerA kyuM che. A mATe ApaNAM akhabAromAM AvatAM 'Aja nI vAta' jevAM saMvAdanA kaeNlamanuM dRSTAMta joIe. ahIM nATakanA sAhityasvarUpamAM prayojAtA saMvAdane akhabAre potAnI AgavI rIte upayogamAM laI lIdho che. kaTAkSalekhomAM samarma hAsyarasa (Humour) vizeSa hoya che, jyAre akhabAromAM pragaTa thatI kaTAlikAomAM narmayukta vAkacAturI (Wit) vizeSa hoya che. hAsyalekhomAM manuSyanI vRtti para hAsya hoya che, jyAre akhabAramAM pragaTa thatI kaTAkSikAomAM tatkALa banatI ghaTanAone vaNIne vyakti, pakSa ke saMsthA para ghaNI vAra kaTAkSa pheMkAto hoya che. AvI ja rIte sAhityanI TUMkI vArtAo akhabArI satyakathI ke samAja kathAnuM rUpa dhAraNa karyuM che. potAnI maryAdAmAM rahIne paNa sauthI vizeSa akhabArI nibaMdhanA kalAsvarUpane AtmasAt karavAno prayatna karyo che. zrI karasanadAsa mANeka, 'nArada' ane veNIbhAI purohita jevAoe jUnA AkhyAna ke chappAnA

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zabdasaMnidhi paghasvarUpane judA ja hetu mATe vartamAnapatranI sevAmAM lIdhuM che. emaNe paghasvarUpane badalyuM che eTaluM ja nahIM, paraMtu emAM vartamAnapatrane reDyuM che. prajAnI bhASA jeTalI vikasita hoya, eTaluM enuM sAhitya vikasita hoya che. enA patrakAratva mATe paNa A vAta eTalI ja sAcI che. bhASAnA vikAsa mATe jeTalo sAhityane saMbaMdha che teTalo ja akhabArane saMbaMdha che. yuropanA Aja nA sAhityane vartamAnapatroe puSkaLa navIna ane Adhunika zabdo ApyA che. tyAMthI Aja kAlanI navalakathAo ane nATakomAM vartamAnapatronA zabdaprayogono dharakhama upayoga thAya che. kamanasIbe ApaNe tyAM sAhitya ane patrakAratva vacceno setu barAbara racAyo nathI. sAhitya ane patrakAratvanA sahiyArA kSetramAM Aje kaTokaTI UbhI thaI che. duniyAmAM je banI rahyuM che, tene jhIlavA mATe prAdezika bhASAmAM akhabAro pAse sAdhano khUTI gayAM che. ene joIe tevA zabdo maLatA nathI, upamA, alaMkAra, kahevato, rUDhiprayogo ane vAkyaracanAo vagere jUnAM thaI gayAM hovAthI navI paristhitinuM pratibimba pADavAmAM te moLAM paDe che. aMgrejI patrakAratvanI zAbAzI ApavA jevI pravRtti e che ke, potAnA vaparAzI zabdakozanI niraMtara kAyApalaTa karyA kare che. ati vaparAzane kAraNe ghasAI gayelA zabdone kADhI nAkhIne pracalita zabdaprayogo, lokabolInA zabdaprayogo, navIna sAhityaracanAomAMthI sAMpaDelA navA zabdo-alaMkAro, temaja vijJAnanI anekavidha zAkhAonA zabdaprayogo paNa akhabArI bhASAmAM levAya che. patrakAro pote paNa navA zabdo yojatA hovAthI aMgrejI akhabAronI bhASA haMmezAM tAjI, phoramadAra ane baLa kaTa lAge che, jyAre gujarAtI vartamAnapatronI bhASA A rIte vikasI zakI nathI. sAhitya ane patrakAratva AmAM paNa vijJAna, TekanaoNlojI, arthazAstra vageree ApaNI bhASAkIya kaTokaTI ghaNI vadhArI dIdhI che. mAnavIe pahelI vAra evaresTa zikhara para ArohaNa karyuM ke kapUciyAmAM hRdayavidAraka duSkALa paDyo - jevA banAvone to jUnAM bhASAkIya sAdhanothI kaMIka nyAya ApI zakAya, paraMtu Aja kAlanI duniyAmAM moTo bhAga to vijJAna, TekanolojI, arthakAraNa, meDisina vagere roke che. A mATe ApaNI pAse zabdabhaMDoLa nathI. jema ke kAnUnI bhASAmAM "Aims and Objects', arthazAstramAM eka bAju 'Inflation' ane bIjI bAju 'Stagnation' thatuM hoya to ene mATe aMgrejImAM 'stagflation zabda maLe che. eno gujarAtI paryAya zo ? AvI ja rIte vijJAnamAM 'Fast Breeder Reactor' zabdanuM gujarAtI rUpa zuM ? evI ja rIte bhArate jAherAta karI ke aNuzaktimAM bhArata 'Blast' karaze, paraMtu 'Explosion' nahIM kare. Ane gujarAtImAM zuM kahIzuM ? Teach-in, Black Power, Appeal, Streaking, Input, Know-how jevA zabdo vijJAnanA nathI chatAM gujarAtImAM ene baMdhabesatA zabdo haju upasAvI zakAyA nathI. AvA aneka zabdo aMgrejImAM sarjAyA che ane pracAramAM AvyA che. eno sarjanAtmaka sAhityamAM paNa upayoga thAya che. vaLI eka viSayanI paribhASAno prayoga bIjA viSayanuM nirUpaNa karatI vakhate karavAmAM Ave che, je ApaNe tyAM thatuM nathI. ApaNA sAhitya vartamAnapatrano A abhAva ocho karavA prayatna karavo joIe. jo sAhitya pAsethI vartamAnapatrone navA navA zabdo ane nokhI nokhI abhivyakti jevAM ojAro nahIM maLe to akhabAro

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zabdasaMnidhi game evA ane game tyAMthI zabdo laIne emanuM kAma AgaLa dhapAvaze ane dhapAve paNa che. Ane pariNAme akhabAranI bhASA beDoLa banavA lAgI che.. bIjI bAju akhabAroe paNa sAhityano vadhu ne vadhu saMparka keLavavAnI jarUra che. sAhityano saMparka akhabAranuM svarUpa saphAIdAra rAkhavAmAM ane bhASAne saMmArjita karavAmAM upayogI thAya che. koI sthaLe baoNmbamAro thayo, te ja moTo banAva nathI, paraMtu koI navuM pustaka lakhAyuM e paNa banAve che. kAvya ke nATanA kSetre koI navo prayoga thayo e paNa eka moTI ghaTanA che. vartamAnapatra AnI upekSA kare to sAhitya karatAM vartamAnapatrane vadhu nukasAna thaze. vartamAnapatra sAhityane kAcI sAmagrI pUrI pADe che, to vartamAnapatrane vikasAvavA mATe, bhASAne dhAradAra rAkhavA mATe, enuM komyunikezana sacoTa banI rahe teTalA mATe sAhityamAMthI preraNA letA rahevuM joIe. mANasanA sAcA mijAjane samajavA mATe paNa sarajAtA sAhityano satata saMparka jarUrano che. Aje A baMne vacce aLagApaNuM hovAthI ziSTa sAhityakRtionI bhASA ane akhabArI bhASA vacce aMtara vadhatuM jAya che. je koI rIte iSTa nathI. A aMtarane nivAravAno eka mArga vartamAnapatromAM sAhitya vibhAgane mahattva maLe ne pratyeka jAgrata vartamAnapatra te vibhAgane gAjato rAkhe e che, kAraNa ke sAhitya ane patrakAratvane ekabIjA vinA cAlavAnuM nathI ane teo potAnuM dAridrazya koI paNa trIjA sAdhana vaDe pheDI zake tema nathI. apragaTa stutikAvyA [zrI kezava harSada dhruvane aMjali] madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM jaina sAdhuone hAthe bahoLA pramANamAM sAhityasarjana thayuM che. arvAcIna yugamAM paNa e paraMparAnuM sAtatya jovA maLe che. AmAM AcAryazrI buddhisAgarasUrijI mahattvanuM sthAna dharAve che. emaNe mAtra covIsa varSanA sAdhujIvana daramyAna saMskRta, hindI ane gujarAtI - ema traNa bhASAomAM kula 108 graMtho lakhyA. e samaye sAdhusamAjamAM yenakena prakAreNa ziSyo banAvavAnI hoDa cAlatI hatI tyAre jJAnopAsaka buddhisAgarasUrijIe 108 'amara graMthaziSyo' banAvavAno nirNaya ryo hato. emanA 25 graMtho ciMtana ane tattvajJAnathI bharelA che. 24 graMthomAM emanI kAvyasaravANI vahe che. jyAre saMskRta bhASAmAM emaNe bAvIseka graMtho lakhyA hatA. emanA kAvyasAhitya vize gujarAtanA lokapriya navalakathAkAra zrI 2. va. desAIe kahyuM hatuM : - "zrI buddhisAgarajInuM sAhitya eTale ? ene hiMdu paNa vAMcI zake, jaina paNa vAMcI zake ane muslima paNa vAMcI zake. saune sarakhuM upayogI thaI paDe tevuM e kAvyasAhitya buddhisAgarajIne ApaNA bhakta ane jJAnI kavionI hAramAM mUkI de evuM che." yoganiSTha AcArya zrI buddhisAgarasUrijI gujarAtI sAhityanA vartamAna pravAhothI ane sAkSarothI paricita hatA. emaNe gujarAtI sAhityanA saMzodhaka zrI kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruve vize eka stutikAvya lakhyuM che. eka jJAnI ane dhyAnI yogIrAjane sAhitya-saMzodhaka pratye keTalo Adara hoya che te A kAvyamAM pragaTa thAya che. zrI buddhisAgarasUrijIe potAnI rojanIzImAM A kAvya lakhyuM che. atyAra sudhI apragaTa raheluM e kAvya A pramANe che -

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zabdasaMnidhi 10 sAkSara kezavalAla harSadarAya dhruvastuti [marAThI sAkhInI dezI] [jinavara maMdirathI zobhatuM rAja nagara jayakArI - e rAga] zrIyuta sAkSara varga ziromaNi, vidyAjIvanabhyakArI dhruva kezavalAla vidyopAsaka, sAhitya sevAkArI. pratiSThA kIrti re pAmo jaga jayakArI..... vidyAvRddhimAM jIvana gALyuM, ejJAnanuM mULa bALyuM, vidyArthIsaMghanuM duHkha TALyuM, nAma yazasvI bhALyuM. pratiSThA kIrti re 1 gurjara deza dipAvyo jJAne, mAtRdezAbhimAne, grantha lakhyA janavarga pichANe, samajI jana guNa ANe. pratiSThA-2 sAhitya pariSat pramukhatA vahI, gurjara bhASA-prema, bhASA jIrNoddhAraka rasiyA, banI rahyA zubha neme. pratiSThA-3 sarvicAronA ja audAryo, vidyAnA zubha kAryo, tana mana dhanathI rasiyA sAhAe, lAyaka saguNA hAryo. pratiSThA-4 milanasAra svabhAve sArA, sAkSara vargamAM pyArA, uttama vidyAnA AdhArA, saguNanA avatArA. pratiSThA-pa dhanya dhanya zubha mAta tAtane, dhanya gurjara avatArI, moTA mananA zubha paramArthI, tava jIvana balihArI. pratiSThA-6 amara karyuM nija nAma jagatamAM, guNarAgI zubhakArI. buddhisAgara maMgala pAmo, guNa gaNanA bhaMDArI. pratiSThA-7 kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdaghana agama pIAlAno AnaMda vikramanI paMdaramI sadImAM saMta kabIre jAti, jJAti, saMpradAya, bAhyAcAra ane dhArmika matAMtarothI para evI sAdhakanI satyamaya anubhavavANI vahevaDAvIne jJAnano navIna prakAza relAvyo. e pachI vikramanI sattaramI sadInA uttarArdhamAM thayelA AnaMdaghanajInAM padomAM saMta kabIranAM padonI bhAvanAono pratidhvani sumadhura rIte guMjato saMbhaLAya che. kabIra ane AnaMdaghana e baMne potAnI suratAnI mastImAM masta rahenArA sAdhaka hatA. kabIre to jaDa rUDhi, aMdhazraddhAyukta rivAjo, paraMparAgata kusaMskAro ane ethIya vizeSa DhoMgI dharmAcaraNo sAme pracaMDa vidroha karyo. AnaMdaghanamAM vidrohanI jhalaka che, paNa enI mAtrA saMta kabIra jeTalI nathI. A baMne sAdhake mastarAma che. AdhyAtmika anubhavanA dRDha AdhAra para emanI sAdhanA TakelI che. jagata tarapha to baMne sAva beparavA che. kabIra ke AnaMdaghana bemAMthI ekeya ajJAnanA aMdhakAramAM ke rUDhigata baMdhanomAM jakaDAyelA mAnavIne joIne sahAnubhUti darzAvatA nathI. emanI akaLAmaNa AvA jIvo pratye anukaMpAnA rUpamAM pragaTa thatI nathI. teo to A miththA bAbato para tIvra prahAra kare che. AvA rUDhAcArone jaDamULathI ukhADI nAkhavAnI dhagaza A baMne sAdhakomAM che ane ethI ja ene sAMkhI levAne badale kabIra ene kaTAkSathI ane AnaMdaghana ene upahAsathI vakhoDI nAkhe che. AnaMdaghanajInAM stavanomAM zAstrajJAna ane jaina siddhAMta vizenI mArmika samajano anubhava thAya che. paNa emanAM padomAM e zAstrIya zailI ke e siddhAMtanirUpaNa jovA maLatuM nathI. ahIM to virahI bhakta ke alakhano nAda jagAvatA maramI saMtanuM darzana thAya che. kabIra AtmA

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zabdasaMnidhi ane paramAtmAnI praNaya-anubhUti Alekhe che, to AnaMdaghana emanAM padomAM sumatino cetana mATeno talasATa vyakta kare che. kabIranAM padomAM AtmAnA viyoganuM darzana che. eNe premano pyAlo pIdho che ane e premanA pyAlAe kevI paristhiti sarjI che ? kabIra pyAlA premakA, aMtara liyA lagAya; roma-roma meM rami rahA, ora amala kyA khAya. saba raga tAMta rabAba tana, biraha bajAve nita; aura na koI suni sake , ke sAi ke citta. prIti jo lAgI dhula gayI, paiThi gaI mana mAMhi ; roma-roma piu-piu kahai, mukha kI saradhA nAhiM."* A premane kAraNe roma-roma priyatamanI pukAra kare che. A vedanA evI che ke aMtaramAM valoNuM phare che ane bahAra ene koI samajI zakatuM nathI. AnaMdaghanajIe paNa premanI kathAne 'akatha kahAnI' kahI che. A baMne sAdhakoe mAyAnuM varNana karyuM che. kabIra to mAyA ane chAyAne ekasarakhI rIte batAve che. bhAgatA mANasanI pAchaLa mAyA paDachAyAnI jema enI sAthe pharyA kare che, paNa jo mANasa mAyAnI sAme thAya to e nAsI jAya che. kabIra mAyAne ThagArI kahe che. mAyA mohinIe bhalabhalA vidvAna ane sujJajanone mugdha karyA che temaja eNe mAnavI ane prabhunI vacce aMtarAyo UbhA karyA che. AthI ja satya jJAna meLavIne mAyAnA mohapAzamAMthI dUra thanArA vize kabIra kahe che : mAyA dIpaka nara pataMga bhUmi bhUmi mAhiM paraMta, koI eka gujJAna te ubare sAdhu saMta." (mAyArUpI dIpaka che ane manuSyo e bhramamAM bhUlA paDIne mAyAdIpakamAM kUdI paDe che. sAcA guru pAsethI jJAna meLavIne emAMthI bacI kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdaghana janArA sAdhusaMta to koIka ja hoya che.) AnaMdadhana kahe che ke AtamakalikA" jAgatAM emanI mati AtmAne maLavA lAgI che ane emaNe mAyArUpI dAsI ane tenA kuTuMbane gherI laIne kabaje karyo che. mAyAmAM phasAyelo cetana potAnI avadazAne darzAve che. A cetana prakRtie anAvRta hovA chatAM karmAvRta thaI gayo che. eno prakAza aMdara gUMgaLAI rahyo che. potAnI zuddha cetanAno ene khyAla che. e enA hRdayamAM ja rahelI che, chatAM mAyAne kAraNe e zuddha cetanA pragaTa thaI zakatI nathI. cetana saMsAranA moharAgamAM masta banelo che. e parabhAvamAM ramaNa kare che. sthaLa indriyasukhomAM moja mANe che. zarIra, paisA ane juvAnInI ghaNI moTI hAni thAya che. divase divase enI apakIrti vadhatI jAya che ane e khAnadAnI choDI kumArge caDI gayo hovAthI enA mANaso paNa enuM mAnatA nathI. mAyAnI AvI bhramajALane AlekhatAM kavi AnaMdaghana kahe che : "paravara bhamatAM svAda kizo lahe ? tana dhana yauvana hANa; dina dina dIse apayaza vadhato, nija jana na mAne kAMNa. * AvI ja rIte kavi AnaMdaghana eka padamAM (pada 100muM, zrI AnaMdaghanajInAM pado, bhAga 2, le. motIcaMda kApaDiyA, pR. 432) tana, dhana ane juvAnIne kSaNika kahe che ane A prANa to paLavAramAM UDI ja ze; tana jaze, pachI dhana zA kAmanuM ? AthI janmojanma sukha ApatI bhalAI karavAnuM kavi kahe che. vyApaka darzana dharAvato A masta kavi jANe janasamudAyane vahAlathI jAgrata karato hoya tema kahe che. behera behera nahi Ave, avasara behera behera nahi Ave; nyuM jANe huM kara le bhalAI, janama janama sukha pAve. avasare 1" * 'sanA sa tya saura sAdha-II', nai. muvanezvaranAtha mizra mAghava, pR. 13 * *zrI AnaMdadhanajInAM pado', bhAga 2, le. motIcaMda kApaDiyA, pR. 45.

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zabdasaMnidhi kabIra ane AnaMdaghana baMnenAM padomAM hiMdu ane musalamAnanA aikyanI vAta jovA maLe che. kabIra rAma ane rahIma temaja kezava ane karIma vacce koI bheda jotA nathI. jyAre AnaMdaghana paNa kabIranuM e ja dhArmika audArya ane parama satyane pAmavAnA rahasyavAdane hubahu darzAve che. AnaMdadhanamAM e rahasyavAdI vicArasaraNI AkarSaka rIte pragaTa thayelI che. AmAM rAma, kRSNa ke mahAdevane koI vyakti mAnavAmAM AvatI nathI. rAma eTale rAjA dazarathano putra nahIM, paraMtu AtamarAmamAM ramaNA kare te rAma. prANImAtra para dayA kare te rahIma. kRSNa eTale kaMsano vadha karanAra nahIM, paNa jJAnAvaraNa Adi karmone naSTa kare te kRSNa, zaMkara e kailAsavAsI nahIM, paNa je nirvANa (mokSa) prApta kare te mahAdeva. je AtmasvarUpane sparza kare te pArzvanAtha ane je caitanya AtmAnI sattAne oLakhe te brahmA. Ama AnaMdaghana to kahe che ke emaNe A ja rIte paramatattvanI upAsanA karI che ane A paramatattva e jJAtA, draSTA ane caitanyamaya che. kabIranI lagolaga UbhI rahe evI AnaMdaghananI A samartha vANI che - "rAma kahI rahimAna kahIM kou, kAnha kahau mahAdevarI, pArasanAtha kaThI kou brahmA, sakala brahma svayamevarI." rAma 1 bhajana bheda kahAvata nAnA, eka kRtikA rUparI, taise khaMDa kalpanA ropita, Apa akhaMDa sarUparI, rAma 2 nija pada rame rAma so kahiye, rahama kare rahamAnarI, kararSa karama kAnaha so kahiye, mahAdeva niravANI. rAma 3 parase rUpa so pArasa kahiye, brahma cinadai so brahmarI, iha vidha sAdhyo Apa AnaMdathana, caitanamaya niHkarmarI. rAma0 4"* rahasyavAdamAM je paramAtmAnI virala anubhUti thAya che, te kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdathana anubhUti samaye ahaMndu ane mamatvanI bhAvanAno lopa thAya che, e samaye dhyAtA ane dhyeya ekarUpa banI jAya che. A apUrva advaitanI anubhUtine batAvavA mATe zabdo samartha hotA nathI, paNa saMtahRdayamAM enI abhivyaktinI akaLAmaNa eTalI badhI thAya che ke e paramAtmatattvanI anubhUti vANImAM svayameva UtarI Ave che. e agocara ane agamya tattvane zabdamAM utAravAno prayAsa thAya che. paramAtmatattvanI A anubhUti vyaktie-vyaktie vilakSaNa hoya che, jyAre anubhava kartA ane anubhUta vastu ekarUpa bane che, tyAre sarvatra akhaMDarUpanAM darzana thAya che. kabIra A madhura anubhUtine vyakta karatAM kahe che : lAlI mere lAla kI, jita dekhuM tita lAla; lAlI dekhana meM gaI, meM bhI ho gaI lAla.' jyAre AnaMdaghana kahe che ke priyatama sAtheno meLApa, AtmA ane paramAtmA sAthenuM aikya e phUlanI AsapAsa bhamatA bhamarA jevuM nathI, paraMtu phUlamAM ekarUpa thayelA parAga jevuM che. ane jyAre A milana thAya tyAre kabIrane 'tarA sAMI tujhameM 'no anubhava thAya che. to AnaMdaghananA aMtaramAM 'anubhavarasanI lAlI' pragaTa thAya che. kavi AnaMdaghana manorama rUpakathI e anubhavalAlIne batAvatAM kahe che : manasA pyAlA prema masAlA, brahma agni parajAlI; tana bhAThI vaTAI pIe kasa, jAge anubhava lAlI. AzA 3'' kabIranI mAphaka AnaMdaghane paNa 'avadhU' ane 'sAdhune udezIne potAno upadeza Apyo che. A rIte AnaMdaghane kabIranI mAphaka athavA to rahasyavAdI kavionI mAphaka praNayanI paribhASAmAM AtmA ane paramAtmAno saMbaMdha pragaTa karyo che. e ja rIte "rAma kahIM, rahemAna * *zrI AnaMdaghanajInAM pado', bhAga 1, le, motIcaMda kApaDiyA, pR. 310. * *zrI AnaMdadhanajInAM pado', bhAga 2, le. motIcaMda kApaDiyA, pU. 138.

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zabdasaMnidhi kaho mAM AnaMdadhana rahasyavAdI kavinI jema cetanamaya paramatatvanA rUpanI jhAMkhI kare che. kabIra A zarIranI kSaNabhaMguratA batAve che. e kAyAne kAcA kuMbha jevI kahe che ane mAnavI e kAcI kAyA ane asthira manane Azare badhuMya sadAkALa sthira rahevAnuM che ema mAnI chAtI kADhI pharI rahyo che, e garvamAM ghUme che, mAyAnA mohamAM mastAna che. paNa kabIra kahe che ke ene pharato joIne to mahAkALa hasyA kare che ane pachI enI dazA kevI thAya che ? "hama jAneM the khAyeMge bahuta jamI bahu mAle, jyoM kI tyoM hi raha gayA pakari le gayA kAla." (ApaNe to mAnatA hatA ke khUba ja mInajAgIra che, apAra mAlamilakata che, nirAMte ghaDapaNamAM ene bhogavIzuM. paNa thayuM zuM ? kALa jhApaTa mArIne upADI gayo ane badhuMya emanuM ema rahI gayuM ! ) vahI jatA kALa sAme kabIranI mAphaka ja AnaMdaghana eka suMdara kalpanAthI mAnavIne jagADe che : kyA saurva uTha jAga bAure aMjali jala kyuM AvuM ghaTata hai, deta paddhariyA dhariye dhAuM re. chaMda caMda nAgiMda muni cale, ko rAjA pati sAhe rAu re." kabIra ane AnaMdaghana baMnee jaDa bAhyAcArano virodha karyo ane e ja rIte e baMne pustakiyA jJAnathI prabhuprAptino mArga meLavavA cAhanArAono virodha kare che. zAstrajJAna e dIpaka che, paNa AtmajJAna e ratna che. dIpakanA prakAzathI ratnanI zodha thAya, paNa dIpaka e ja ratna che ema mAnI na zakAya. zAstrIya jJAnathI AgaLa vadhIne sAdhake AtmajJAna meLavavAnuM che. AthI ja kabIra ane AnaMdaghana korA ane anubhavahIna zAstrajJAnanI TIkA kare che. kabIra kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdathana kahe che ke AMdhaLAoe sparzIne joyelA hAthInuM temanuM jJAna apUrNa che, evuM ja paMDitonA jJAna vize che. dhyAnathI vimukha evA jJAnInI dazAne varNavatAM kabIra kahe che : "jJAnI bhUle zAna kathi nikaTa rahyo nija rUpa, bAhara khorje bApure bhItara bahu anUpa." (jJAnI bicAro jJAnanI vAtonA vamaLamAM bhUlo paDyo hato. potAnuM sAcuM svarUpa potAnI ja pAse hatuM. je anupama vastu enI bhItaramAM hatI, enI zodha mATe bicAro karatUrImRganI jema bahAra bhaTakyA karato hato.) saMta kabIranI jema AnaMdathana paNa zAstrane badale anubhavenA rasaraMgamAM lIna che. AnaMdadhana 'avadhU kyA mAguM guNahInA' padamAM kahe che ke huM veda nathI jANato, kitAba nathI jANato, vivAda karavA mATe tarka nathI jANato ke chaMdaracanA mATe kavitA nathI AvaDatI. Apano jApa nathI jANato. bhajananI rIta ke niraMjanapadanAM nAma nathI jANato. basa, huM to tArA dvAre Ubho rahIne tAruM raTaNa karI jANuM chuM. madhyakAlIna rahasyavAdI kaviomAM 'avadhU', 'niraMjana' ane 'sohaM' jevA zabdono prayoga thayelo jovA maLe che. saMta kabIranI vANImAM to 'avadhU" zabda vAraMvAra najare paDe che. AnaMdaghananAM padomAM paNa 'avadhU' zabdano prayoga jovA maLe che. A 'avadhU" zabdano prayoga AnaMdaghanajIe emanAM padomAM sAdhu yA saMtanA arthamAM karyo che. teo kahe che : "sAdho bhAI ! samatA raMga ramIje , avadhU mamatA saMga na kIjai ." A ja rIte AnaMdadhana niraMjana zabdano prayoga paramAtmAnA arthamAM kare che. je samasta ThagArI AzAone haNIne dhyAna dvArA

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kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdathana zabdasaMnidhi ajapA jApanI raTaNa lagADe te ja AnaMdanA ghanane - niraMjanane pAmI zake che. A niraMjana e sakaLa bhayahara che, kAmadhenu che ane AthI ja anyatra bhaTakavAne badale niraMjananA zaraNamAM javuM emane vadhu pasaMda che : " aba mere pati gati deva niraMjana bhaTakuM kahAM, kahAM sira paTakuM, kahAM karuM jana raMjana khaMjana degana lagAvuM, cAhuM na citavana aMjana saMjana-gheTa-aMtara paramAtama, sakala-durita-bhaya-bhaMjana eha kAma gati he kAma paTe, ahI suthArasa maMjana AnaMdaghana prabhu ghaTa bana kehari, kAma mataMga gaja gaMjana." 60 AnaMdaghanajInAM padomAM haThayoganI sAdhanAno prabhAva jovA maLe che. 'avadhu'nA saMbodhanathI emanAM aneka padomAM A sAdhanAnI ja vAta karI che. 'AtmAnubhava' ane 'deha devala maThavAsI 'nI vAta paNa AnaMdaghananI keTalIka sAkhIomAM jovA maLe che. AnaMdaghana kahe che ke iDA-piMgalAnA mArgano parityAga karIne 'supukhkhA gharavAsI' thavuM paDe che, brahmaraMdhranI madhye 'zvAsa pUrNa' thayA pachI nAda saMbhaLAya che. ane sAdhaka brahmAnubhUtino sAkSAtkAra karavAnI sthiti pAme che. DaoN. vAsudevasiMha* to evI saMbhAvanA vyakta kare che ke kabIrano koI ziSya ke anuyAyI paNa sAdhanAnA e ucca sopAne ane kAvyanI e ucca koTie pahoMcyo nathI, je sthAna para saMta AnaMdaghana ane emanAM kAvyo pahoMcI zakyAM che. kabIranI jema AnaMdaghana paNa 'Agama pIAlAnI mastI AlekhatAM kahe che : 'Agama pIAlA pIo matavAlAcIne adhyAtama vAtA; AnaMdaghana cetana va khele, dekhe loka tamAsA. AzA 4" * 'apabhraMza aura hindI meM jaina rahasyavAda', DaoN. vAsudevasiMha, pR. 110. kavi AnaMdadhana adhyAtmamatamAM magna lokone agama pyAlo pIvA AmaMtraNa Ape che ane te mATe adhyAtmano vAsa kyAM che te zodhavAnuM kahe che ane jyAre agama pyAlo pIvAno AnaMda prApta thAya che, tyAre saMsAra-prapaMca pratyakSa dekhAya che. A rIte baMnee 'viralA alakha jagAve'no upadeza Apyo che, paNa baMnenI zailI bhinna che. kabIranAM pado upadezanuM nirUpaNa kare che, to AnaMdaghananAM pado siddhAMta Alekhe che. kabIranAM pado mAnavacittane bAhya vaLagaNothI mukta karI aMtarmukha thavA prere che, jyAre AnaMdadhanano upadeza e vyaktine yoga ane adhyAtmanA UMDANano gahana sparza karAve che. kabIramAM vyavahAru dRSTi che ane temAMthI maLatAM dRSTAMtonuM vaipulya che, jyAre AnaMdaghanamAM yogadRSTi che. kabIranAM pado janasAmAnyane sparze che, jyAre AnaMdaghananAM pado yoga ane tattvajJAnathI bharapUra hovAthI ene samajavA mATe vizeSa sajjatAnI ja rUra rahe che. kabIranAM padomAM AmajanatAnA hitano uddeza rakhAyelo che, jyAre AnaMdaghananAM padomAM vyaktine bhaktinA lebAsamAM AtmAnA UMDANamAM laI javAno prayatna che. kabIranAM padonI bhASAmAM kyAMya gujarAtI bhASAnI asara jovA maLatI nathI, jyAre AnaMdadhananAM pado rAjasthAnI bhASAmAM hovA chatAM gujarAtI bhASAnI asara jhIle che. kabIranI zailI e upadeza zailI che - upadezakano eka Aveza emanAM padomAM pragaTa thAya che, jyAre AnaMdaghananI zailI e AtmajJAnanA daledalane kholIne batAvanArI che. kabIramAM satyArthI saMtano utkaTa abhiniveza jovA maLe che, jyAre AnaMdaghanamAM satyArthI vairAgI AtmAnI utkaTa anubhUti jovA maLe che. kabIrane samajavA mATe rahasyavAdIonI paraMparA jANavI joIe, jyAre AnaMdaghanane pAmavA mATe rahasyavAdIonI paraMparA uparAMta jaina paribhASA jANavAnI jarUra rahe che.

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zabdasaMnidhi A rIte kabIra ane AnaMdaghananAM padomAM emanuM vyaktitva pragaTa thAya che. baMnenuM hRdaya kavinuM, citta yogInuM ane mijAja bAdazAhano hato. emanAM padomAM mastInI jhalaka che. kAnamAM niraMtara guMjyA kare evuM zrRtipaTutva che. padonA unnata ane alaukika bhAva, sacoTa rUpako, gahanamadhura bhASA ane UMDuM rahasyagarbha ciMtana kAvyarasikone AnaMdamAM tallIna kare che. AnaMdaghananAM padonI saMkhyA kabIra jeTalI nathI. kabIra jevuM AvezabharyuM bayAna emAM nathI. emAM vyavahArajIvananI nagada kalpanA nathI. Ama chatAM AnaMdaghananAM pardA enI saMkhyAnA pramANamAM ucca guNavattA dharAve che. emAM vikasita kamaLa jevuM AtmajJAna, bhAvonuM lAlityabharyuM Alekhana, rahasyagarbha anubhUtinuM vedhaka nirUpaNa, saMkucitatAne badale vyApaka bhAvanAonI ujvaLatA e sarvane jotAM AnaMdaghanane "jaina kabIra' kahIe to te khoTuM na gaNAya. A padomAM anubhavArthI vairAgI kavi AnaMdaghananI sarvocca avasthA pragaTa thAya che. kavie 'anubhava lAlI'nA AtmasAkSAtkArathI 'agama pIAlo' pIdho che ane paramatattvamAM lIna banIne amaratvanA anubhavanI mastI mANI che ane gAI paNa che. bhakti ane mastI mIrAM ane AnaMdadhananAM pada-sAhityamAM prabhumilanano tIvra talasATa ane ucca adhyAtmajIvananA saMskAra pragaTa thAya che. mIrAMnI kRSNabhakti jIvananA koI AghAtajanaka banAvamAMthI ekAeka pragaTelI nathI, te ja rIte AnaMdaghananI vairAgyavRtti koI sAMsArika ghaTanAnI ThesathI jAgI UThelI jaNAtI nathI. A saMtonA janmajAta saMskAromAM ja vairAgyanAM bIja ropAyelAM hoya che, je samaya jatAM vikAsa pAme che. mIrAM ane AnaMdaghana aMge eka sAmya paNa jovA maLe che. da kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdaghana meDatAnI bhUmi para mIrAMno janma thayo ane e pachI Azare savAso varSa bAda e ja bhUmi para AnaMdadhana vicaryA haze. jyAM mIrAMnI premalakSaNA bhaktinuM svayaMbhU jharaNuM pragaTa thayuM, te ja bhUmi tapasvI AnaMdaghananI karmabhUmi banI. ahIM mIrAM ane AnaMdaghananA padasAhityanI tulanA karavAno upakrama rAkhyo che. A baMne saMtonAM pado svayaMsphurita che, kyAMya saheje AyAsa mAlUma paDato nathI. mIrAMe bhakti ane AnaMdadhane yoganA rahasyane AtmasAt karyuM che ane e pachI baMnee aMtaranA nigUDha bhAvone preraNAmaya ullAsathI bhAvavAhI vANImAM abhivyakta karyA athavA abhivyakta thaI gayA ema kahevuM vadhu yogya gaNAze. mIrAMne mATe kRSNabhakti jevI svAbhAvika hatI e ja rIte AnaMdaghanajIne mATe yoga e carcA ke abhyAsano nahIM, paNa anubhavamAM Utarelo viSaya hato. AthI teo yoga ane AdhyAtmika tattvone rasika ane utkaTa vANImAM potAnI kavitAmAM utArI zakyA che. mIrAMnI mAphaka AnaMdaghananAM padomAM anubhUti ane abhivyakti baMnenI vedhakatA pratIta thAya che. virahiNI mIrAMe piyAmilana mATe jhUratAM, akaLAtAM ane taraphaDatAM virahanAM AMsu sAryAM che. mIrAMnuM virahagAna te mIrAMnuM ja, anya koI enI tole na Ave. eno viraha e koI Atura bhaktano viraha nathI, paNa premavihvaLa virahiNInI vedanAbharI cIsa che. koI anyanuM virahagAna e gAtI nathI, paNa premanI vedI para sarvasva samarpaNa karI cUkelI nArInI rIte kRSNavirahanI vedanA ThAlave che. "meM virahaNI baiThI jAzuM, jagata saba sorve rI AlI..." virahanI e pIDA AnaMdaghanajIe eTalI ja tIvratAthI ane fee

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zabdasaMnidhi talasATabharI rIte vyakta karI che. mIrAM 'giradhara nAgara ne mATe talase che, to AnaMdaghana potAnA 'manamelu nI rAha jotAM vicAre che : "mune mAro kaba milaze manamelu, manamelu viNa keli na kalIe, vAle kavala koI veluM." ('AnaMdathananAM pado', bhAga 1, pR. 278) mananA meLApI vinAnI ramata e koI mUrkha retInA koLiyA vALato hoya tenA jevI che. AnaMdaghana to kahe che ke je mAnavI A meLApI sAthe aMtara rAkhe che te mAnavI nahIM, paNa paththara che. 'manamelu 'ne maLavAnI akaLAmaNa eTalI badhI che ke mIrAMe jema lokalAja choDI hatI e ja rIte AnaMdaghana paNa e patine meLavavA mATe moTAMonI maryAdA tyajIne bAraNe UbhA rahI rAha jue che, enA vinA jhUryA kare che. AMkho je vATa parathI pati AvavAno che tenI upara maMDAyelI che. zarIra paranAM vastra ke AbhUSaNa saheje gamatAM nathI. kImatI jhaverAta jhera jevA lAge che. A aMtaranA tApane koI vaidya maTADI zake tevo nathI. sAsu eka zvAsocchavAsa jeTalo kALa paNa vizvAsa rAkhatI nathI ane lAja vagaranI tRSNA - naNaMda savArathI laDyA kare che. A tananI vedanAne to have AnaMdaghananA amRtano varasAda thAya to ja TADha ka vaLe ema che. "sAsa visAsa usAsa ne rAkhe naNadInI gorI bhorI larIrI rora tabIba na tapati bujhAve, AnaMdaghana pIyuSa jharIrI." | ('AnaMdapananAM pado', bhAga 1, pR. 49) pahelAM bIjAnI virahavedanAno pote upahAsa karatI hatI, paNa jyAre potAne e virahavedanAnAM bANa vAgyAM tyAre khabara paDI ke kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdathana AnI pIDA keTalI AkarI hoya che ! AkhA zarIramAM zuLanI vedanA bhoMkAya che, mana to A virahathI satata oLavAtuM rahe che. A vidAraka anubhava pachI have huM ja sahune kahuM chuM ke koI prIta na karazo. hasatI taba huM virAnIyA, dekhI tana mana DIkyo ho; samajI taba khetI kahI, koI neha na kIjyo ho." mIrAM jevI bhAvanI dIpti ane vyathAnI coTa AnaMdadhananAM A padomAM dekhAya che. hoLI to phAgaNa mAsamAM Ave che, paNa kavi AnaMdaghana kahe che ke ahIM to aharniza aMtaramAM vedanAnI hoLI saLagyA kare che ane e A zarIrane to rAkha karIne uDADe che ! vidAraka vedanAne AlekhavA mATe kavi AnaMdadhane A paMktiomAM kevI suMdara kalpanA karIne virahane mUrtimaMta rUpa ApyuM che ! phAguNa Acara eka nisA, horI sIragAnI ho; mere mana saba dina jare, tana khAkha uDAnI ho." | ('AnaMdadhananAM pado', bhAga 1, pR. 440) A viraha e sumatino viraha che. potAnA cetanajI mATe e talase che. sumati potAnA anubhavamitrane A virahanI vedanA kahe che. cAtaka jema pIu pIu kare, tema e patinI raTaNA kare che. eno jIva patinA premarasane pIvA tarasyo che. mana ane tana patinI rAhamAM asvastha banyAM che ane A virahadazAne AnaMdaghana anupama kalpanAtIlAthI AlekhatAM kahe che : "nisi aMdhiArI mohI hase re, tAre dAMta dikhAI, bhAdu kAdu meM kiyo pyAre, asuana dhAra vahAI." aMdhArI rAta, tArArUpI dAMta dekhADIne mArI sAme hase che. rAtre nIMda kyAMthI hoya ? A vijogaNa to AMsu sAre che ane eNe eTalAM AMsu sAya ke bhAdaravo mahino kAdavavALo banI gayo ! mIrAMe 10

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zabdasaMnidhi 'virahakI phAMsaDiyAM'nI vAta karI che, to AnaMdaghana paNa sumatinA virahanI vyathA AlekhatAM kahe che : "virahavyathA kachuM aisI vyApatI, mAnuM koI mAratI bejA, aMtaka aMta kAluM lego pyAre, mAhe jIva tuM lejA." virahanI pIDA to evI vyApe che ke jANe koI hRdayane tIkSNa tIrathI vIMdhatuM na hoya ! o alkA viraha, tuM kyAM sudhI AvI pIDA ApIza ? tArI marajI hoya to A jIva laIne jA ne. virahanI pIDAno kevo taraphaDATa kavie zabdomAM aMkita karyo che ! AnaMdaghananAM pado vAMcatAM ja 'darada dIvAnI' mIrAMnI yAda manamAM UpasI Ave che. saMsAranA pAmara sukhane tyajavAnuM mIrAM ane AnaMdaghana baMne kahe che. mIrAM e saMsArasukhane 'jhAMjhavAnAM nIra' jevuM tuccha ane 'paraNIne raMDAvuM pAchuM' hovAthI ene kAcuM sukha gaNe che. AvA saMsAranA keTalAya kaTu anubhavo mIrAMne enA jIvanamAM thayA che. saMsArano kAco raMga to UDI ja javAno. kavi AnaMdaghana paNa mamatAnI sobatamAM paDelA mAnavIne jAgavA kahe che. zuddha cetanA potAnA pati cetanane saMsAranA mohamAMthI jagADavA mATe anubhavamitrane vinaMtI kare che. je mAnavI saMsAranA mohamAM phasAyelo che, e to AnaMdaghananA kahevA pramANe ajAgala stanamAMthI dUdha meLavavAnI vyartha AzAe phAMphAM mArato ja kahevAya. "anubhava nAthakuM kyuM na jagAve, mamatA saMga so pAya ajAgala, thana teM dUdha kahAve." ('AnaMdaghananAM pado', bhAga 1, pR. 176) saMsAranA svapnavata sukhamAM rAcatA mAnavIne AnaMdadhana hIrAne choDI daIne mAyArUpa kAMkarA para moha pAmato batAve che. enI dazA 102 kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdaghana bhAre bUrI thAya che. jema narapazu ekAeka humalo karIne bakarIne mArI nAkhe che, evI rIte AvA mAnavIne kALa grasI jAya che. kavi kahe che : "supanako rAja sAca karI mAcata, rAhata rAha gagana badarIrI, AI acAnaka kAla topacI gahegI kyuM nAhara bakarIrI." 'saMsArInA sukha'ne tyajanArI mIrAMne saMsAra taraphathI keTalI keTalI Aphatono sAmano karavo paDyo hato ! sAsaravAsa ane mahiyara tyajIne eNe kAzI, vRMdAvana sevyAM ane chevaTe dvArakAmAM vAsa karyo. jagata ane bhagata vacce A sanAtana dvaMda khelAtuM AvyuM che. AthI ja mIrAM kahe che ke jene ghera saMta paroNo nA've, tenA ghera zA mATe javuM ? potAnI sAMsArika sthitine vyakta karatAM mIrAM gAI UThe che : "sAsaro amAro agnino bhaDako, sAsu sadAnI zULI re, enI pratye mAruM kAMI na cAle re, ene AMgaNiye nAkhuM pULI re." ('mIrAMnAM pado", saMpAdaka : bhUpendra bAlakRSNa trivedI, pR. 164-165) sAsu, sasaro, jeThANI, derANI, naNaMda ane paDozaNa e badhAM mIrAMne parezAna kare che, paraMtu mIrAM to A badhAMthI beparavA banIne potAnI mastImAM ja AMgaNAmAM 'thai', 'thai' nAce che. kavi AnaMdaghana paNa sAMsArika saMbaMdhone A rIte Alekhe che. teo kahe che ke cetana je nArInA mohamAM aMdha banyo che ene krodha ane mAna nAmanA be dIkarA thayA che, jene loko tamAcA mAre che. ene lobha nAmano jamAI che ane mAyA nAmanI dIkarI che, ane evo eno parivAra vadhato jAya che : "krodha, mAna lobha jamAI beTA bhaye ho, daMta capaTA loka; mAyA sutA ho, eha vaDhaco parioha." ('AnaMdaghananAM pado', bhAga 2, pR. 301) 103

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zabdasaMnidhi kavi AnaMdaghana e ja rIte kahe che ke mAtA-pitA, sagAM-saMbaMdhI ane nAtIlAnI vAta to sAva vAhiyAta lAge che. jeNe eka vakhata satsaMgano rasa cAkhyo ane bIjA koI rasano svAda lAgato nathI. saMsAranAM sagAMo A rasane samajI zakatAM nathI ane ethI ja enI niMdA kare che. kavi kahe che : "mAta tAta sajjana jAta, vAta karata hai morI, cAkhe rasakI zuM karI chUTe ? surijana surijana TorI ho." ethI ya vadhu mastImAM AvI AnaMdaghana bolI UThe che : bhrAta na mAta na tAta na gAta na, jAta na vAta na lAgata gorI; mere saba dina darasana pharasana, tAna sudhArasa pAna pagorI." mAre koI bhAI nathI, mAtA nathI, pitA nathI, sagAM ke saMbaMdhI nathI. teonI vAta mane goThatI nathI. mAre to sadhaLA divaso enuM ja darzana, enuM ja tAna, enuM ja pUjana, enuM ja gAna." AvA sAMsArika saMbaMdho sarI jAya che, mAyAnI mamatA bhedAI jAya che, tyAre mIrAMnA viSano pyAlo amRta bane che. AnaMdaghananI mastI nirAmaya AnaMdamAM lIna bane che. mIrAM kahe che ke 'prema piyAlo meM pIdho re'; jyAre AnaMdaghana kahe che ke : jJAnasiMdhU mathita pAI, prema pIyUSa kaTorI ho; mohata AnaMdaghana prabhu zazidhara, dekhata dRSTi cakorI." (AnaMdaghananAM pado', bhAga 1, pR. 394) mIrAMne 'rAma ratana dhana' maLatAM AnaMdanI koI sImA rahetI nathI, jyAre AnaMdaghana "zrI vimalanAthajinastavana'mAM "dhIMga dhaNI mAthe kiyAM re' kahIne potAnAM saghaLAM duHkha ane durbhAgya dUra thayAno AnaMda pragaTa kare che. ane kevo che A baMne saMtono prabhuprema ! kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdathana mIrAM kahe che : mere to prabhu giradhara gopAla, dUsarA na koI re." to AnaMdaghananAM 'RSabhajinastavanamAM e ja prabhuprItino pratidhvani guMje che : RSabha jiNosara prItama mAhArA, ora na cAhuM re kaMta." 'mukhaDAnI mAyA lAgatAM 'prIta pUravanI' jAge, pachI to e priyatama jema rAkhe tema rahevAnuM hoya ! mIrAM kahe che ke 'rAma rAkhe tema rahie? kAraNa ke pote to enI 'ciThThInI cAkara" che. mIrAM ArjavabharI vANIthI kahe che ke ene to A cAkarI joIe che ane e cAkarImAM bhagavAnanuM smaraNa mAge che. kharacImAM zAmaLiyAnuM darzana mAge che ane vadhArAmAM giradhArInI jhAjherI bhakti cAhe che. AthI ja e kahe che ke 'hari mane pAra utAra.' te mATe huM tane namI namIne vinaMtI' karuM chuM. mIrAM bhakta hatI to AnaMdaghana marmI saMta hatA. e kahe che ke huM to kazuM ja jANato nathI. mAtra tArA dvAra upara AvIne tArA guNonuM raTaNa ja karI jANuM chuM. Ama mIrAMnI bhaktimAM mRdutA pragaTa thAya che, to AnaMdaghanamAM mastIno uchALa anubhavAya che. e kahe che : avadhU waa mAguM guna hInA, ve gunaganana puvInA, gAya na jAnuM, bajAya na jAnuM, na jAnuM surasevA." mIrAMnAM padomAM jema akhaMDa varanI prAptino AnaMda che, e ja rIte AnaMdaghanamAM pote suhAgaNa banI eno umaMga jovA maLe che. mIrAM jema 'premanI kaTArI'thI ghAyala thaI che, tema AnaMdaghana premanA rAmabANathI vIMdhAyelA che. * kahAM dikhAvuM aura kuM, kahAM samajAuM bhora; tIra acUka hai premakA, lAge so rahe Thora." kavi kahe che ke A premanA tIrano ghA huM bIjAne batAvuM kaI ho,

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zabdasaMnidhi rIte ? vaLI bIjA enuM svarUpa paNa kyAMthI samajI zake ? mIrAMnI mAphaka teo paNa 'ghAyala kI gata ghAyala jAne' kahe che. ethIya vizeSa AnaMdadhana kahe che ke A premanuM tIra evuM 'acUka che ke jene te vAge che te vAgeluM ja rahe che. ane A 'prema suhAgaNa' nArI potAnA priyatamanAM aMgonI sevA kare che, tyAre suMdara rUpaka-lIlAthI AnaMdaghana kahe che ke enA hAthe bhaktinA raMganI meMdI UgI nIkaLe che, atyaMta sukhadAyaka bhAvarUpa aMjana Aje che, sahaja svabhAvarUpa cUDI pahere che, sthiratArU 5 kaMkaNa dhAraNa kare che, dhyAna ene khoLAmAM le che, sUratano siMdUra enI seMthImAM purAya che, anAsaktirUpa aMboDo vALe che, jyotino prakAza enA aMtarAtmAnA tribhuvanamAM pragaTe che ane kevaLajJAnarUpa arIso hAthamAM le che. A padamAM kavie 'anubhavarasa thI saubhAgyavatI banelI nArInA AnaMda-zaNagArane rUpakathI manorama rIte zaNagAryA che. ane chelle aMtaranI e AnaMdamaya dazAne AlekhatAM kavi kahe che : ""upajI dhunI eja pAkI anahada, jita nagAre vArI; jhaDI sadA AnaMdathane barakhata, vanamora eka tArI." zuddha cetanAnA maMdiramAM cetana Ave che, avarNanIya meLApa thAya che ane AtmasvarUpanuM darzana thAya che. A samaye vicAra Ave che ke AmAM karanAro koNa ane karaNI konI ? vaLI Ano hisAba paNa koNa mAnaze ? kavi AnaMdaghana kahe che : sAdhu bhAI ! apanA rUpa dekhA, sAdhu bhAI ! apanA rUpa dekhA, karatA kauna kauna kunI karanI ? kauna mAgegA lekhA ?" ('AnaMdadhananAM pado', bhAga 2, pR. 126) A samaye kevA AnaMdanA divaso vItyA che, tenuM sumatinA mukhe Alekhana karatAM kavi kahe che ke, he cetana ! tArA mIThA bola para huM kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdathana vArI jAuM chuM, tArA sivAya bIjA badhA mane bUrA lAge che. have tArA vinA mArAthI rahevAze nahIM. sumati kahe che : mere jIya; kala parata hai, binuM tere mukha dIThaDe; prema pIyAlAM pIvata pIvata, lAlana ! saba dina nIThaDe." A samaye 'sohaM sohaM "no dhvani guMjavA lAge che. kavi AnaMdaghanane to A sivAya bIjo koI vicAra karavo pasaMda ja nathI : cetana ! aisA jJAna vicAro, sohaM sohe sohe sohaM, sohaM aNu na bIyA sAro." ('AnaMdaghananAM pado', bhAga 2, pR. 249) aMtarane bAraNe anAhat nAdanA vijayaDaMkA banavA mAMDe che. AnaMdarAzirUpa varSA muzaLadhAra varasavA mAMDe che. ane vananA mayUro ektArarUpa thaI jAya evI ekarUpatA sumati ane cetana vacce sadhAya che. mIrAM ane AnaMdaghananAM padomAM nirUpaNanuM lAlitya sarakhuM che, paraMtu baMneno Alekhya viSaya taddana bhinna che, mIrAM praNayanI nirvAja anubhUtinuM sAhaji ka Alekhana kare che, jyAre AnaMdadhanamAM e praNaya sumati ane cetananA AtmapipAsu praNayanA parivezamAM lapeTAyelo che. mIrAM kahe che ke eNe to 'prema AMsu DAra DAra amara vela boI.' Ama mIrAMe AlekhelA praNayamAM e pote ja pAtrarUpe Ave che, jyAre AnaMdaghanamAM to kavi prayAlekhanamAM paNa adhyAtmabhAvane vyakta karatAM rUpako Alekhe che. mIrAMnAM padomAM AvatAM pAtro e sthULa saMsAranAM pAtro che, jyAre AnaMdadhanamAM AvatAM pAtro e koI AtmaanubhavanA pratIkarUpe AlekhAyelAM rUpako che. cetana pati, sumati patnI, kumati zokya, jJAna (anubhavo ane viveka e sumatinA bhAIo temaja cetananA mitro che. 103

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zabdasaMnidhi premavirahiNI mIrAMnAM padomAM AtmalakSitA vadhu lAge che. jyAre jJAnI AnaMdaghananAM pardA pramANamAM vadhu paralakSI che. mIrAMmAM je nArIhRdayanA udgAro che, e ja prakAranA udgAro AnaMdaghanamAM maLe che, paNa tyAM e udgArone kavi rUpaka tarIke Alekhe che. AthI mIrAMnAM padomAM tAdAtmya ane AnaMdaghananAM padomAM taTasthatA anubhavAya che. mIrAMnI vedanA enA hradayamAMthI nItarI che, to AnaMdaghananI vedanA e marmI saMtanI vedanA che. AnaMdaghananI bhakti e akhAnA jevI che. emAM jJAnane anuSaMge AvatI bhakti jovA maLe che. jJAna jyAre ucca koTie pahoMce che, tyAre bhaktinuM svarUpa dhAraNa kare che te AnaMdaghanamAM dekhAya che. bhakti jyAre ucca koTie pahoMce che, tyAre ApoApa darzana prApta thAya che e mIrAMmAM dekhAya che. AnaMdaghananI bhakti tattvajJAnane anuSaMge thatI bhakti che. AthI emanAM rUpakomAM paNa rahasyavAda jovA maLe che. Ama chatAM mIrAM jeTalI tadAkAratA ane sacoTatA AnaMdaghana emanAM padomAM sAdhI zakyA che, te padakavi tarIkenI temanI viziSTa siddhi gaNAya. padanA svarUpamAM mIrAMe bhakti ane AnaMdaghane mastI relAvI che. baMne saMta kavioe A padomAM potAnA AtmAnubhavanuM bayAna karavAnI sAthosAtha padasAhityamAM avismaraNIya sthAna meLavyuM che. akSayarasa ane anubhavalAlI 'akSayarasa' vahevaDAvato akho ane anubhavalAlInI mastInuM gAna karatA AnaMdaghana samakAlIna to hatA ja, paraMtu ethIya vizeSa baMnemAM tatkAlIna paristhiti para nirbhaya prahAra karavAnI kSamatA, dharmAMdhatAnAM jALAMne bhedI nAkhatI dRSTi ane satya-pipAsunI AratanuM sAmya jovA maLe che. 108 kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdaghana AnaMdaghanajInA vairAgyabhAvane darzAvatI aneka daMtakathAo jovA maLe che, e ja rIte akhAnA saMsAratyAgane sUcavatI judI judI kathAo maLe che. AnaMdaghanajIe je rIte meDatAmAM upAzraya choDyo, e ja rIte akhAe sonInA dhaMdhA para dhikkAra AvatAM hathiyAra kUvAmAM nAkhI dIdhAM evI kathA pracalita che. baMne saMtoe satyane pAmavA mATe avirata mathAmaNa karI che. sAcA gurunI zodhamAM A baMne saMto khUba ghUmyA che. AnaMdaghanajIne sAcA gurunI prApti nathI thaI. emane to divyanayanathI vastutattvanI vicAraNA karanArAono 'viraha paDyo nirAdhAra' lAge che. akho paNa ene kyAMya AvA gurunI prApti thaI nahIM e mATe kahe che : "guru kIdhA meM gokuLanAtha, gharaDA baLadane ghAlI nAtha : dhana hare, dhokho nava hare, evo guru kalyANa zuM kare ?" "pote hirane na jANe leza, ane kADhI beTho guruno veza, jyama sApane ghera paroNo sApa, mukha cATI vaLyo ghera Apa, evA guru ghaNA saMsAra, akhA zuM mUke bhavapAra ?' "prApta rAma kare te guru, bIjA guru te lAgyAM varu; dhana hare, dhokha nava hare, saMbaMdha saMsArI sAco kare." akho daMbhI guruo para tIkhI vANInA koraDA vIMjhe che, to yogI AnaMdaghana sAcA gurunI aprAptino ghero viSAda stavanomAM pragaTa kare che : "AgamavAde ho gurugama ko nahIM, e sabalo vikhavAda." (stavana : 4, gAthA : 3) "zruta anusAra vicArI boluM, suguru tathA vidha na milai re." (stavana : 21, gAthA : 10) saccidAnaMda pAmavA mATe gurunI zodha to ghaNI karI, paNa kyAMya sadgurunI prApti na thaI. kyAMka daMbha joyo to kyAMka jaDatA jaNAI. 10:

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zabdasaMnidhi kyAMka ekAMta AgrahanI mamata joI, to kyAMka mAtra bAhya ADaMbara dekhAyo. pArasamaNanI zodha karI, paNa badhe paththara ja maLyA. sAcA jJAnanI jhaMkhanA mATe haiyuM valovAtuM hatuM ane tyAM ja khabara paDI ke sAco guru koI maMdiranI dIvAlomAM, tarkathI bharelA graMthomAM ke koI kriyAkAMDomAM rahelo nathI. mAnavIno sAco guru e eno AtmA che. AdhyAtmika anubhUtinI aMtima sImAe pahoMcavA mATe ekalavIranI peThe prayANa karavA dRDhatAnI jarUra hoya che. A caramabhUmikAe koI guru ke koI bAhya ADaMbara nakAmA nIvaDe che. AtmAe pote ja potAnA prayatnathI AtmapratIti prApta karavAnI rahe che. jyAre pote ja potAnA AtmasvarUpane khoLI kADhe che, tyAre aMtara keTaluM umaMgathI UchaLe che ! akho kahe che : "guru thA tAro tuM ja, jUjavo kau nathI bhajavA." "huM e huM kADhyo khoLI, bhAI re, huM e huM kADhyo khoLI." akhAnI khumArI A padamAM kevI lahekAthI pragaTa thaI che ! e ja khumArI AnaMdaghanamAM eTalI ja gUDha rIte AlekhAI che. jyAre AtmasvarUpamAM paramAtmabhAvano anubhava thAya che, tyAre paramAtmasvarUpa pAmelo AtmA kevI viralamadhura dazAne pAme che ! AnaMdaghana soLamA 'zrI zAMtijinastavana"mAM AvI vilakSaNa AtmapratItine akhA jevA ja lahekAthI kahe che : "aho huM ahIM huM mujhane kahuM, namo mujha namo mujha re." (stavana : 16, gAthA : 13) AtmasAkSAtkAra pachI hradayanI dharatI kevA nirALA rUpe sAttvika prabhAva phoratI hoya che ! ajJAnanI kALarAtri vItI cUkI hoya che ane jJAnanA prakAzathI aMtara jhaLAMhaLAM thaI rahyuM hoya che ! e ullAsabharI AtmadazAnuM varNana karatAM AnaMdaghanajI eka padamAM kahe che : 110 kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdaghana "suhAgaNa ! jAgI anubhava prIta. ninda anAdi ajJAnakI; miTa gaI nija rIta. (1) ghaTamaMdira dIpaka kiyo, sahaja sujyoti sarUpa; Apa parAI Apa hI, ThAnapa vastu anupa. ....(2)" hRdayamaMdiramAM kudaratI prakAzarUpa dIpaka prakaTa thayo che ane tethI anAdikALanA ajJAnanI nidrA dUra thaI che. AnaMdaghane eka anya padamAM 'mere ghaTa jJAna bhAnu bhayo bhoranuM gAna karyuM che. aMtaramAM jJAnarUpa sUryano udaya thavAthI pragaTelA prabhAtanI ahIM vAta che. paramatattvanI prAptino e AnaMda akhAe enAM kAvyomAM bharapUra gAyo che. akho A caitanyanA vilAsanA AnaMdanI choLo uDADato kahe che : 'huM hasato ramato harimAM bhaLyo'. ane e paramajIvananI prAptinA AnaMdane gAtAM akho jANe koI camatkAranuM varNana karato hoya ema kahe che : "chIMDuM khoLatAM lAdhI poLa, have akhA kara jhAkamajhoLa." evA ja AnaMdane darzAvatAM akho enAM padomAM gAya che ke "abhinavo AnaMda Aja", "Aja AnaMda mArA aMgamAM upanyo", "Aja AnaMdanA odha UlaTyA ghaNA." yogI AnaMdaghananuM to samagra vyaktitva AnaMdamaya banI gayuM che. potAnI AnaMdAvasthAnuM gAna karatAM kavi AnaMdaghana to AnaMdaghana banIne gAya che : "mere prAna AnaMdaghana, tAna AnaMdaghana, mAta AnaMdaghana, tAta AnaMdaghana, gAta AnaMdadhana, jAta AnaMdaghana. " ane A avasthA evI che ke emAM kahevAnuM ke sAMbhaLavAnuM kazuM 111

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zabdasaMnidhi hotuM nathI. A to anubhavanI cIja che. premabANa vAgyAM hoya te jANe ! AthI ja AnaMdaghana kahe che ke A 'akatha kahANI' to anubhavathI jANI zakAya : anubhavagaucara vastukore jANavo yaha ilAja , kahene sunane ko kachu nahi pyAre AnaMdaghana mahArAja." akhAe samAjanI ajJAnatA, jaDatA ane dhamadhatA para chappAthI cAbakhA lagAvyA. samAjanI jaDa ane nirjIva rUDhionuM pAlana karavAnI manovRtti ane jaDa kriyAkAMDamAM khuMpyAM rahevAnI ajJAnatA para aTTahAsya karatAM akho kahe che : "tilaka karatAM trepana thayAM, japamAlAnAM nAkAM gayAM, tIratha pharI pharI thAkyA caraNa, toya na pohota harine zaraNa." A ja jaDatAno virodha yogI AnaMdaghana akhAnI kaTAkSa vANIne badale eka kahevata prayojIne kare che : zuddha saradhAna viNa sarva kiriA sahI, chAra pari lIpaNo jANo." (stavana : 14, gAthA : 5) A baMne saMtoe zunyavAda ane cArvAkavAdano sakhata virodha karyo che. akho e zunyavAdanI majAka karatAM kahe che : have zunyavAdIne zunya zUnya, vizva nahIM, ne nahIM pApa pUnya; utpatya nahIM, ne nahIM samAsa, svapara nahIM, nahIM svAmIdAsa. ema varate zunyavAdI kharo, paNa akhA na cAle zUnya Upharo." kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdathana yogI AnaMdadhana cArvAka matanuM khaMDana karatAM stavanomAM gAMbhIryathI kahe che : bhUta catuSka varajI Atamatatta, satA alagI na ghaTe, aMdha zakaTa jo nijara na nirakho, to su kIje zakaTe." (stavana : 20, gAthA : 6) e samaye saMpradAya vAdavivAdamAM DUbelA hatA. potAno mata sauthI zreSTha - evI sthApanA mATe pakSApakSI ane dalIlabAjI cAlatI hatI. AvuM svamatanuM jhanUna AvA jJAnI ane yogIone kyAMthI pasaMda paDe ? matamatAMtaranI A laDAImAM mamatvanuM ja mahattva hatuM. AthI jJAnI akhA ane yogI AnaMdaghane AvA judA judA matanI sthApanA mATe aharniza potAnI zakti veDaphanArAo para tIvra aNagamo darzAvyo che. sAcA dharmane jANyA vinA aMdhArA kUvAmAM jhaghaDatA loko jevA A matavAdIo akhAne lAge che. khaTadarzananA jUjavA matA, mAMhomAMhe teNe khAdhI khatA. ekanuM thANuM bIjo ho , anyathI Apane adhiko gaNe, akhA e aMdhAro kUvo, jhaghaDo bhAgI koI na mu ." akho khaTadarzananA jUjavA matanA mumata para TIkA kare che, jyAre AnaMdaghanajI enA para prahAra karavAne badale ekavIsamAM 'zrI neminAtha-jinastavanamAM pradarzananA cha matane jinezvaranAM cha aMga tarIke darzAve che ane e rIte emanI vyApaka audAryavALI samanvayadRSTi pragaTa thAya che. teo paNa potAnA matamAM ja masta rahenArA mAnavIonI akhAnI mAphaka TIkA kare che :

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zabdasaMnidhi * mata mata bhedaM re jo je pUchII sahu thApe ahameva." stivana : 4, gAthA : 1) A baMne sAdhako daMbhIne ane daMbhane vakhoDe che, te sAcAnI kiMmata pote jANe che te kAraNe. AnaMdadhana paNa akhAnI mAphaka Thoka sAthe kahe che : gachanA bheda bahu nayaza nihALatAM tattvanI vAta karatAM na lArja.* | (stavana : 14, gAthA : 3) A rIte A baMne samakAlInoe tatkAlIna samAjanI rUDhigrastatA ne daMbha para prahAra karyo che. e prahAra karavAnI rItamAM baMnenAM vyaktitvanI viziSTatA ApameLe pragaTa thAya che. keTaleka sthaLe to akho ane AnaMdaghana ekasarakhA uddagAra kADhe che. akho kahe che ke mAtra sAcA guru maLe eTale ja vAta patI jatI nathI, baLadane nAtha ghAlIe chIe te zA mATe ? enI pAse kAma kaDhAvavAnuM saraLa bane te mATe. A dRSTAMtathI akho kahe che ke manane paNa nAtha ghAlavI paDaze. e ja manane vaza karavAnI vAta AnaMdadhanajIe 'zrI kuMthujinastavana'mAM khUba malAvIne kahI che. e ja rIte A baMnee sAcA AtmajJAnInI je oLakha ApI che te jovA jevI che. sAco sAdhu vezathI nahIM, paNa guNothI oLakhAya che. mAtra veza paheravAthI sAdhu na kahevAya, veza dhAraNa karavAthI AtmAnI oLakha maLI jatI nathI. AvA vezadhArIo ke bAhyAcAramAM DUbelAo vize akho kahe che : Atama samajyo te nara jatI, zuM thayuM dhoLAM bhagavAM vatI ? boDe troDe joDe vALa, e tAM sarva upalyo jaMjALa" kabIra, mIrAM ane akhAnA saMdarbhamAM AnaMdathana AnaMdaghanajI A rIte A ja bhAvane pragaTa karatAM kahe che ke sAco AtmajJAnI e ja zramaNa kahevAya. bIjA badhA to mAtra vezadhArI gaNAya. je vastune yathArtha svarUpe oLakhAve te ja sAco sAdhu gaNAya. AtamAMnI zramaNa kahAve, - bIja dravyata liMgI re; vastugatuM je vastu prakAse, AnaMdaghana-mata saMgI re." (stavana ; 12, gAthA : 6) madhyakAlIna gujarAtI sAhityamAM dharma paratve je jAgarUkatA ane spaSTa kathana akhAmAM jovA maLe che, tevAM ja jAgarUkatA ane spaSTa kathana AnaMdaghanamAM maLe che. akho pharaMdo mANasa hato, to AnaMdaghana vihArI sAdhu hatA. akhAnI vANImAM tigma coTano anubhava thAya che, to AnaMdadhananI vANImAM gAMbhIryano anubhava thAya che. akho brahmarasa ane brahmakhumArInuM bayAna kare che, to AnaMdadhana AtmajJAna ane anubhava-lAlIno raMga jamAve che. A baMnemAMthI ekeya zuSka jJAnI nathI. akho chogAM melIne pharanAro masta vihArI che, to AnaMdaghana potAnI mastImAM jIvanAro manamojI sAdhake che. akho potAno AtmAnubhava gAya che, paNa enI khUbI e che ke A 'brahmarasanI gahana anubhUtine vyavahArajIvananAM dRSTAMtothI abhivyakta karI che. enI vANImAM vAstavajIvanamAMthI maLelI upamAonI AtazabAjI che, jyAre AnaMdaghanamAM vAstavajIvananI upamAo ke dRSTAMto prAsaMgika che. AnaMdathanamAM vizeSa kAvyatattva che ane emano jhoka rahasyavAda (Mysticism) tarapha che. akho rahasyavAdI nathI, paNa tattvajJAnI che. akhAe enAM kAvyomAM vedAMtanuM tattvajJAna AlekhyuM che, jyAre AnaMdaghanajIe jaina saMpradAyanI

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zabdasaMnidhi paribhASAmAM jJAnabodha Apyo che. AnaMdaghanamAM mastI e sthAyI bhAva che, jyAre akhAmAM mastInI jhalaka jovA maLe che. AnaMdaghana AtmasAdhanAmAM masta yogI hatA, AthI sAmAjika sudhArA vize emanA kavanamAM kazuM maLatuM nathI. akho samAja ne sAmAjika sudhArA tarapha vizeSa jhoka dharAve che. A kAraNe ja enI vANImAM tigmatA vizeSa jovA maLe che. akhAnI bhASA RkSa ane prahArAtmaka che, jyAre AnaMdaghananI bhASA mukAbale mRdu che. akhAmAM hAsyanuM pramANa paNa vizeSa jovA maLe che. AnaMdaghanamAM hAsya bhAgye ja jovA maLaze. A baMne sarjakoe padanA kalAsvarUpamAM ucca AdhyAtmika anubhava reDelo che. paNa akho vedAMtanI paripATI para e adhyAtma-anubhavano AnaMda vyakta kare che, jyAre AnaMdaghanamAM kabIra ane mIrAMnI rIte sahajabhAve ja adhyAtma-upadeza jovA maLe che. eka ja samayanI paTTI para Ama be bhinna pradezanA jJAnIo ajJAnI samAjane potAnI jJAnabharI anubhavavANIthI prahAra karIne jAgrata karavAno prayatna kare che. masta sAdhakonI eka rIte e samAjalakSI paramArthapravRtti hatI. meghadUta'nI bhAvasRSTi meghadUta'mAM kAlidAsanI anupama pratibhAno navama unmeSa najare. paDe che. eka sAdI kathAmAM ATalo samRddha UrmidhabakAra pahelI ja vakhata jovA maLe che. atyaMta nAnA evA kathAnA taMtune viziSTa kAvyakalevaramAM manohara rIte vaNI lIdhuM che. magha prAkRtika tattva maTI eka jIvaMta vyakti banI jAya che. AmAM yakSa bhAratavarSanAM viziSTa nisargasthAno ane nagaronAM sauMdaryane viharathI vyAkuLa mAnavInI dRSTie nIrakhe che. AthI emAM mAnavadhabakAra saMbhaLAya che, to sAthe sAthe prakRtinuM manohara citra-kAvya paNa bane che. "meghadUta'nA sarjanathI mahAkavi kAlidAse eka navuM sAhityasvarUpa janmAvyuM ane pAchaLathI bIjA lekhako paNa tene anusaryA. 'sAhityadarpaNa'kAre ene khaMDakAvya kahyuM che paNa 'meghadUta'ne Adhunika kAvyasvarUpamAM mUkIe to tene UrmikAvya ja kahevuM paDe. maMdAkrAntA chaMdamAM vahetA A kAvyamAM yakSanI lAgaNIno utkaTa pravAha AraMbhathI aMta sudhI vahe che; tenI virahajanita bhAvasthitinuM sAduM, saraLa, saMkulatArahita ane kyAMya viSayAMtara karyA vagaranuM nirUpaNa jovA maLe che. kavie bhAva ane kalpanAnA uchALane je maMdAkrAntA jevA chaMdamAM vahevaDAvyo che te, karNapriya hovAnI sAthe bhAvAbhivyaktimAM paNa eTalo ja samartha che. UrmikAvyane viSe Avazyaka evuM saMgIta paNa satata saMbhaLAyA kare che. AMtaraprAsa, svara ane vyaMjananI vyavasthA, dhvanirvaziSTarsa, nAdavaizistra ane alaMkAronA tANAvANAnI manohara bhAta upasAvI che. UrmikAvyanuM kada enI zlokasaMkhyA para nahIM, paraMtu UrminI pravAhitA para AdhArita che. jeTalo samaya e Urmi cAle, teTaluM kAvya ]]]

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zabdasaMnidhi cAle. te UrmikavihRdayamAM ghUMTAIne AviSkAra pAmatI hovAthI lAghavayukta sacoTatA dAkhave che. kAvyamAM Urmi eka ja che, paNa te jude jude rUpe abhivyakta thaIne aneka citro sarje che. Ama dareka zlokane potAnuM AgavuM sauMdarya che. chatAM badhA zloka mAnasapaTa para eka samagra chApa upasAve che. A rIte A kAvyamAM ekatA (unity) suMdara rIte jaLavAyelI che. AkhA ya kAvyanI imAratamAMthI eka zabdakAMkarI paNa khase tevI nathI. A kavi pAse kalpanAthI parakAyApraveza karavAnI AgavI hathoTI che. kavie yakSanI viziSTa bhAvasthiti sAthe kevuM gADha tAdAtmya sAdhyuM che ! kAvyano gAyaka yakSa praNayavIra che. te vivekI to che ja, paraMtu atyAre priyAmAM tanmaya che ane tenuM hRdaya priyA sAthenA yoganAM smaraNothI bhareluM che. A smaraNo virahamAM cUMTAIne pragaTe che. potAnA praNayabhAvonI dhArA askhalitapaNe cAlu rAkhavA ane te praNayane ciraMjIva rAkhavA mATenA tenA udgAro te ja meghane Apelo saMdeza. AthI ja enI vANImAM raMgadarzitA anubhavAya che. badhe priyatamapriyatamAnuM ja darzana thavuM tene mATe svAbhAvika che; ne hRdayanA te bhAvonuM kathana karavAmAM paNa tene saMkoca nathI. A praNaya e koI kAmI ke rogiSTha mAnasa dharAvanArAno praNaya nathI. yakSanA praNayamAM mAnavacittano udAra bhAva pragaTa thAya che. AmAM mAtra kAmabhAva nathI, balke sAhajika vinaya, janmajAta namratA ane cittanI mRdutA AraMbhathI aMta sudhI dekhAya che. virahanI vedanAe yakSanA cittane kaThora banAvyuM nathI. potAne priyatamAthI vikhUTo paDavAnuM banyuM ethI bIjAnI paNa evI dazA thAya evo kaTubhAva yakSa dharAvato nathI. enA badale potAnA saMdezAnA aMte mitra meghane mATe yakSa prArthe che ke tAro eka kSaNa paNa vIjaLIthI viyoga na thAya. 114 'meghadUta'nI bhAvasRSTi praNayI yakSanI zivabhakti paNa sthaLe sthaLe pragaTa thAya che. enA virahajanita saMdezAmAM eno bhaktibhAva satata DokiyAM kare che. mAnavI premI bane eTale bhakta maTI jato nathI. e to meghane kahe che ke e koI paNa samaye mahAkALa pahoMce to eNe sUryAsta sudhI rokAI javuM ane zivanI sAyaMpUjAmAM nobatanuM prazasya kAma bajAvavuM. vaLI mArgamAM AvatAM zivanAM pagalAMnI bhaktinamra banIne pradakSiNA karavAnuM kahe che. megha sAthe yakSe AtmIyatA sthApI che. ane potAno bhAI mAne che, virahiNI yakSa-patnIne diyaranI najarathI jue e rIte AtmIyajana banAvyo che. yakSanA hRdayanI suSmA emAM paNa pragaTa thAya che ke e kyAMya potAne zApa ApanArA svAmI kuberanI niMdA karato nathI athavA enuM saheje ghasAtuM bolato nathI. svAmInI pharajanA anusaMdhAnamAM thayelI potAnI bhUlane svIkArIne zApa mAthe caDAvI le che ane A avasarane virahavratamAM palaTI nAkhe che. viyoganI vedanAne praNayattapamAM parivartita kare che ane potAnA premane sthira rUpa Ape che. yakSa kahe che: snehAnAhuH kimapi virahe dhvaMsinaste cabhogAdiSTe vastunyupacitarasA: premarAzIbhavanti / [koI paNa kAraNathI virahamAM sneha ocho thAya che ema kahevAya che, paNa vaNabhogavyo rahevAthI ane priya vastu tarapha rasa bhego thavAthI te premapuMja bane che.] virahI yakSane potAnI priyA para avicalita zraddhA che, AthI ja meghane kahe che ke cakravAkavihoNI cakravAkI jevI yakSapatnInuM rUpa karamAyelI kamalinInA jevuM haze. avirata rudanane kAraNe enI AMkho sujI gaI haze; UnA nizvAsothI hoTha phikkA thaI gayA haze ane astavyasta vALane kAraNe mukhacaMdra malinakAMti dIsatuM haze. kAM to yakSanI chabI citaratI haze athavA khoLAmAM vINA laIne yakSanuM nAma 119

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zabdasaMnidhi dharAvatuM gIta gAtI haze ! roja roja uMbarA AgaLa phUla mUkIne virahanI avadhi keTalI bAkI rahI teno aMdAja kADhatI haze. Ama yakSanuM hRdaya patnI pratye sAnukroza che. yakSa AtmavizvAsathI meghane kahe che ke bhAI, meM je kahyuM che, te badhuM thoDA ja vakhatamAM tane pratyakSa thaze. virahamAM game teTaluM sahevuM paDe to ya cAreka mahinA pachI pharI maLavAnuM che evI dRDha pratIti yakSanA hRdayamAM che ane AthI ja ene prakRtimAM saMbhoganAM dRzyo dekhAya che. eno praNayarasa cetanavaMto rahyo che. AvuM premasabhara hRdaya dharAvatA yakSane AthI ja A sRSTi jovA jevI lAge che. 'vikramorvazIyam'mAM purU ravAne urvazI pratye prema hovAthI urvazInA vyaktitvanA vividha aMza ene prakRtimAM dekhAya che. e ja rIte yakSano manobhAva prakRtimAM anusmRta banI gayo che. Avo yakSa naryo kAmAtura ke zrI buddhadeva basu kahe che tema libiDo (libido) bhArAtura jIva nathI. yakSanA pAtrane Adhunika phraoNiDavAdI vivecanAthI mUlavI zakAya tema nathI, kAraNa ke yakSa e vikRta manovijJAnano viSaya nathI. kiMtu mAnavIya saMskAritAno ane hRdayaaudAryano namUno che. enI bhadra prakRti enA vinaya ane namratAmAM pragaTa thAya che. koI vikRta mAnasane badale e to mAnavInA AbhijAtya, audArya, namratA jevA samRddha bhAvo dharAve che. sthULa dRSTie joIe to kadAca yakSanI ukti atizayoktipUrNa ane lAMbA patharATavALI lAge, paNa kavi to sthULa vAstavikatAthI eka DagaluM AgaLa vadhIne mAnavabhAvanA sUkSma vAstavane kAvyamAM AkAra Ape che. yakSanI ukti e to hRdayamAM cAlatA bhAvapravAhanuM ja prakaTIkaraNa che, tethI uktinI dIrdhatA svAbhAvika lAge che. te prakRtinAM pArthiva tattvone kevA avanavA bhAvathI bharI de che ! yakSanI A viziSTa dRSTi ja badhAM prakRtizyone potAnI bhAvanAnI pIMchI vaDe anokhA raMge 120 meghadUta'nI bhAvasRSTi raMge che. kAvyanI pArzvabhUrUpe AlekhAyela varSARtuno sanniveza paNa yakSanA bhAva tathA prakRtidRzyone vizeSa manohara banAve che. AvA raMgadarzI vastu(romantic theme)mAM avanavA manoraMja ke ane tarala raMgo pUravAmAM dRzyacitro (landscape paintings) ghaNo phALo Ape che, paNa ApaNe A dRzyacitrone yakSanA cittAkArothI judAM pADI zakatA nathI. dRzyacitronI caritArthatA bhAvadarzanA rUpe ja sadhAya che. parvata upara rahelA vAdaLane vakrIDAmAM vAMkA vaLelA hAthInI upamA ApIne dRzyane suMdara rIte sAkAra karyuM che. e meghane alakAnagarImAM AvelA potAnA nivAsasthAnamAM javAnuM kaheto yakSa eka ja lITImAM tenI suMdaratA sAkAra karI de che. vIghoghAnazcitadare rarandrIyautadakhya [jyAMnI havelIo bahAranA udyAnamAM rahelA zivanA mastaka uparanI caMdrikAmAM snAna karatI haze.] paNa raMgadarzI vastu ane dRzyacitronuM sauthI suMdara mizraNa to kavie kalpelA meghanA mArgamAM jovA maLe che. Ane bhaugolika AdhAra che, paNa kAlidAsa AmAM bhAratanI kAvyamaya bhUgoLa (poetic geography) AlekhI bhAratIya saMskRtinA kavi tarIkenI potAnI pratibhA chatI kare che. A raMgadarzI vastuno sAkSAtkAra karAvavA mATe kavikalpanA gaganamAM UDe che athavA ema kaho ke A citro kavie kalpanAthI AkAzayAnamAM besIne AlekhyAM hoya tevAM lAge che. meghanA mArgano AraMbha ja juo. maMda maMda vAto ane tenA mArgane anukULa evo pavana, tenI DAbI bAjue madhuruM gAna karatAM cAtaka, hArabaMdha goThavAI gayelI balAkAo, pRthvI para UgelAM chatrIpuSpo, kailAsa sudhI sAtha ApanArA haMso ane tenA (meghanA) virahane lIdhe UnAM AMsu vahAvato parvata - A badhAM vaDe kavi meghanA mArgane jIvaMtatA, hRdayaMgamatA ane kalAtmakatA arpe che. tyAMthI AgaLa

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zabdasaMnidhi prayANa karatA meghanuM citra to sAce ja mAnasapaTa para aMkita thaI rahe tevuM che. tene diggajonI moTI suMDhanI jhapaTa cUkavato, indradhanuSyane lIdhe anokhI zobhA dharAvato, bhUvilAsathI ajANa grAmanArIo vaDe premabhInAM locanathI pivAto, jaLadhArAthI vanadevane ThArato batAve che. A pachI kavikalpanA meghane AmrakUTa parvata, tenI guphAo temaja hAthInA aMge AlekhelI bhAta sarakhI lAgatI revA pAse laI jAya che ahIM teno patha sUcavaze ardhavikasita lIlAM-bhUkharAM nIpapuSpo, kinAre pahelI ja vAra phUlelI-phAlelI kadalI ane baLelAM jaMgalomAM pRthvInI adhika sugaMdha anubhavatAM haraNo. sajaLanayana mayUrono satkAra jhIlato A medha vidizAnagarImAM potAnI priyA vetravatI pAsethI pANI leze. ahIM badhAM ja varNanomAM priyAthI vimukha thayelA, amadamo: yakSanI dRSTi varatAI Ave che. AnAM udAharaNo kAvyamAM Dagale ne pagale jovA maLe che. nirvidhyAnuM ja citra juo ne ! UrminA uchALe avyakta madhura rava karatA hArarUpI kaMdorAvALI, alane karIne suMdara gativALI, pANInI bhamarIrUpI nAbhithI 'rAmAd prAcavavana vimano brigeDu' [priya taraphanA strInA premanuM paheluM eMdhANa evo vibhrama] batAvatI jaNAya che. svarganA eka kAMtimaya TukaDA jevI ujjayinInI samRddhi batAvI madathI mIThuM sArasakUjana laMbAvato, khIlelAM kamaLonI sugaMdhathI mahekato, aMgane anukuLa ane prabhAte nagarajanone ratikheda dUra karato ziprAno vAyu. kevI jIvaMta lAge che ! yakSanA praNayabhAvanuM Thera Thera 'sAdhAraNIkaraNa' thayeluM najare paDe che. A pachI mahAkAlanA maMdiramAM garjanAthI nobatanuM kAma karato ane hAthInA bhInA cAmaDAnI zivanI AzA pUrato megha batAvyo che. kAlidAsanI kalAnI kamanIyatA A citramAM suMdara rIte dekhAya che. meghadUta'nI bhAvasRSTi pAdanyAsai: kvaNitarazanAstatra lIlAvadhUtaiH ratnacchAyAcitabalimizcAmaraiH klAntahastAH / vezyAstvatto navapadamukhAnprApya varSAgrabindUnAmokSyante tvayi madhukarazreNidIrghAnkaTAkSAn / / [mahAkAlanA maMdiramAM cAmaro DhoLavAthI thAkI gayelA hAthavALI vArAMganAo temanA nakhakSatane sukha ApatAM varSonAM navala biMduo tArI pAsethI meLavIne tArA tarapha bhramaronI hAra jevA lAMbA kaTAkSo nAkhaze.] ahIM vezyAnuM citra paNa yakSanA hRdayamAM komaLatAnA bhAvo ja janmAve che. tenuM hRdaya A avasthAmAM strIsAmAnyane viSe pragaTatA bhAvasauMdaryane vilokavA adhIruM che. Ama kAlidAsanI dRSTie megha e - 'dhUmata:sanittamatAMsannapAta:' [ghumADo, agni, pANI ane pavanano saMghAta] nathI. paNa te to - sudvAmarUpatArthavRtva: [AMgaNe AvelAnuM prayojana sAre tevuM kRtya karanAro] dUta che, vidyutano svAmI che, nadIono pyAro priyatama che, phUlo, vRkSo ane upavanono tAraNahAra che, girirAjono parama mitra che, virahIne pIDanAro ane pravAsIonI pramadAne AzvAsana ApanAro che, abhisArikAono mArgadarzaka paNa che. sarasvatInuM jalaAcamana karI vizuddha AtmA bananAro, zivanAM pagalAMnI bhaktinamra banI pradakSiNA karato saujanyapUrNa sajjana paNa che. A madha vize kavi kevAM bhAvapUrNa zabdacitro race che ! A kavi kudarata ane mAnava pratye ekasarakhI saMvedanA dharAve che. mAnavabhAvane tenA aMtastala sudhI sparzI mulAyama rIte nIrUpI zake che, to prakRtine paNa teTalI ja jIvaMtatAthI AlekhI zake che. prakRti ane mAnava baMnemAM ekasarakho hillola kavipratibhA nIrakhe che. meghadUta'nAM dRzyacitromAM kyAMya mAnavabhAva ke prakRtinirUpaNa judAM pADI zakatAM

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zabdasaMnidhi nathI, paraMtu tenuM AkarSaka rIte rAsAyaNika saMyojana thayeluM jovA maLe che. vaLI kavie bAhyaprakRtinirUpaNanA sannivezamAM 'AtyaMtara no khUbIthI paricaya karAvI dIdho che. A pachI te alakA ane tenI alaukikatAnI vAta kare che. suMdara ramaNIya citro ane mRdaMganA madhura dhvanivALA, maNijaDita, gaganacuMbI TocavALA prAsAdo, suvarNaretImAM ramata ramatI kanyAo, kAmakrIDAmAM zaramAIne ratnapradIpo paNa cUrNamUThI nAkhavAno viphaLa yatna karatI bimbAdhAo, asarAnA sAthavALA ane baibhrAja nAmanA bAhyodyAnamAM kinnaro sAthe kuberanI kIrti gAtA yakSo - A sau alakAne anokhA raMge raMge che. vaLI - matyA devaM dhanapatisakhaM yatra sAkSAdvasantaM prAyazcApaM na vahati bhayAnmanmathaH SaTpadajyam / sabhUbhaDgaprahitanayana: kAmilakSyeSvamothai - stasyArambhazcaturavAnitAvibhramaireva siddhaH / / [jyAM kuberanA mitra evA (ziva) devane sAkSAt vasatA joIne moTebhAge kAmadeva bhayathI bhamarArUpI paNachavALuM dhanuSya hAthamAM leto nathI. tenuM kAma to kAmarUpI lakSyamAM kadI niSphaLa nahIM janArA evA catura strIonA bhUbhaMga sahitanA nayanavyApAravALA vibhramothI ja siddha thaI jAya.] yatha tenA gharanA manorama varNana pachI virahiNI yakRNInuM avismaraNIya citra Ape che. praNayabhAvAviSTa yakSane pote jenI ragaraga jANe che tevI priyA sAkSAtu jANe ke dekhAya che ne temAMthI ja UbhuM thAya che prastuta citra. AmAM tenI virahavedanA atyaMta tIvrapaNe vyakta thaI che. virahanA bhAvanI AvI sacoTa abhivyaktio ja 'medhadUtane raMgadarzitA relAvatuM banAvI jAya che. cakravAkI jevI aTUlI, 'meghadUta'nI bhAvasRSTi himathI cImaLAyelI padminI jevI, UnA ni:zvAse badalAyelA raMgavALA hoThavALI. hAtha para mAthuM DhALeluM che tevI, sArikAne priyatama vize pUchatI, priyatama vizenI svaracita mUInAne vAraMvAra bhUlI jatI, mAnasika vyApArathI saMyoga anubhavatI, rAtre virahamAM pIDAtI, caMdrakiraNo tarapha jUnA snehane kAraNe abhimukha thaI, hatAza banI pAchI pharatI evI saTaltva cazarmAnanI vAdaLavALA divasanI sthaLakamalinI] te na to jAgatI haze ke na to UMghatI haze. A pachI yakSa potAnI virahAvasthA batAve che. AmAM tenAM bhUtakALanAM smaraNo ane vartamAnanI sthitinAM manohara citro Ape che : tvAmAlikhya praNayakuSitAM dhAturAgaiH zilAyAmAtmAnaM te caraNapatitaM yAvadicchAmi kartum / akhaistAvanmuhurupacitaidRSTirAlupyate meM krUrastasminnapi na sahate saMgama nau kRtAntaH / / praNayanI kopelI yakSapatnIne dhAturaMge zilA para AlekhIne yakSa potAne tene caraNe paDelo doravA jAya che, tyAM to vAraMvAra AMsu UbharAtAM tenI dRSTi lopAya che ! meghadUta'mAM Ama raMgadarzI vastune uThAva ApavAmAM tenAM dezyacitroe ghaNo moTo bhAga bhajavyo che. vastunI raMgadarzitAnI sAthe badhAM ja citro gADhapaNe bhaLI gayelAM che. sUcanakalAmAM catura evA kavi mAtra thoDA ja zabdomAM AkhuM citra ApaNA mAnasapaTa para aMkita karI de che. vaLI A dazyacitro lAdhavapUrNa hovAthI kAvyamAM sacoTatA lAve che, dhAryuM vAtAvaraNa ane dhArI asara UbhI kare che. A dRzyacitro 'koI dhanADhacane khaMDa khaMDe ratno jaDelAM hoya' tevAM lAge che. yamAMganA hoya ke bhUvilAsathI ajANa gAmaDAnI gorI hoya, vArAMganA hoya ke koI mAnavetara hoya, prakRtinuM koI tatva hoya ke nagarano koI prAsAda

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zabdasaMnidhi hoya, badhe kAlidAsano kalpanAvilAsa ekasarakhI saphaLatAthI vihare che. te araNyasaMskRtinA gauravanuM gAna kare che, to paurasaMskRtinA vaibhavanI saheje upekSA karatA nathI. AvI to ghaNI virodhAbhAsI vastuonA sauMdaryane mahAkavi samAna sAmarthya ane chaTAthI pragaTa karI zake che. dareka vastumAM rahelA sauMdaryane potAnI samRddha pratibhAthI pekhI tene zabdamAM cirasmaraNIya rIte kaMDArI de che. kAvyanAM prakRticitro yakSanI bhAvasthitinA ja AvirbhAvarUpa hovAthI mAtra vigata ke cokasAIvALAM ja na banI rahetAM mAnavasaMvedanathI dhabakatAM banI gayAM che, ane tethI ja A prakRtikavitA rUpo, utprekSAo, upamA Adi alaMkAre maDhelI che to paurANika saMdarbho dvArA bhAvanI sacoTa abhivyakti paNa emAM sadhAyelI che. Ama naisargika, sacoTa, layabaddha ane vicAramAdhurIvALAM citro A kAvyamAM sthaLe sthaLe najare paDe che. ramaNIya citro mATe game te citrakAra dharAI jAya teTalI sAmagrI AmAMthI meLavI zake che. pratyeka zlokamAM eka manohara rasacitra vilasatuM najare paDe che. vaLI A dRzyo spaSTa, kalpanAraMgI, madhura, tejomaya ane hRdayavedhI paNa che. bhAratIya AtmAno satata dhabakAra saMbhaLAvatuM prakRti ane sauMdaryanuM AvuM varNana bIjA koI kavi pAsethI nahIM maLe. A dazyacitrone lIdhe ja 'meghadUta' vAMcatAM manorama citrasRSTi nihALatA hoIe tevo ahobhAva thAya che, ane A kAraNe ja AnuM punaH puna: paThana karatAM paNa saheje rasanyUnatA anubhavAtI nathI. AmAM virahanI dorI para eka eka dazyacitrano maNako parovelo che ane AvI rIte kAlidAse eka subaddha evI anupama mALA racI che. -- 123 12 kavitAmAM pragaTa thatI baLavaMtarAyanI kAvyavibhAvanA kavitA pahelI ke tenI vibhAvanA ? A ramaNIya prazna ghaNI vAra kavivivecakonI kavitA vAMcatAM sahRdayone thAya che. koI paNa bhASAnI kavitAno itihAsa tenI vibhAvanAnA vikAsanI samAMtara cAlato hoya che. ghaNI vAra kAvyasarjana vibhAvanAne pariSkRta kare che to koI vAra vibhAvanA kavitAnA navIna prayogane prere che. kavitA AgaLa cAle ane tenI vivecanA pAchaLa pAchaLa AvIne vizleSaNa vivaraNa dvArA tenA palaTAtA svarUpane samajAvatuM jAya e svAbhAvika krama che; paraMtu anya dezakALamAM thayela prayogone anulakSIne koI sarjaka-vivecaka kavitAnI amuka vibhAvanA bAMdhe to te parathI prayogo karavA lAge te paNa eka rIta che. koI vAra amuka khyAla atipracalita banIne lapeTo thaI jAya tenI pratikriyA rUpe bIjo ja khyAla baMdhAIne pravarte che. pro. baLavaMtarAya ThAkoranI kAvyavibhAvanA bIjI ane trIjI tarehanA mizra svarUpe udbhavI hatI. pravAhI chaMdano prayoga temaNe pazcimI kavitAnI blaikavarsa parathI karyo ane vicArapradhAna kavitAnI jikara kavi nAnAlAlanI UrmipradhAna kavitAnI pratikriyArUpe karI hatI. be bhinna paribaLoe e rIte kAvyanA bahiraMga ne aMtaraMgamAM pheraphAra karavAnuM itihAsa-prApta kArya temanI pAse karAvyuM hatuM. teo kavi hovA uparAMta kavitAzikSaka paNa hatA. zabda karatAM artha ane Urmi karatAM vicAranuM prAdhAnya uttama kavitAmAM hovuM ghaTe ema temaNe temanA 'kavitAzikSaNa' ane 'lirika' jevA graMthomAM 'ApaNI kavitAsamRddhi' temaja 'bhaNakAra'nA upodghAtomAM temaja 'vividha vyAkhyAnomAM prasaMgopAta pratipAdana kareluM che. temanA baliSTha vyaktitvanI mudrA dharAvatI zailIvALAM vivecanoe temano A 123

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zabdasaMnidhi kAvyAdarza kavi temaja kAvyarasika varga samakSa vIsamI sadInA bIjA ane trIjA dAyakA daramyAna bhArapUrvaka rajU karyo hato. paraMtu e kavi paNa hatA. temaNe A samaya daramyAna racelI kavitA temanA kAvyAdarzane mUrta karavAno prayatna kare che tema temanA kavanano viSaya paNa e kAvyavibhAvanA bane che te noMdhapAtra che. 'bhaNakAra' guccha 1 'kavi ane kavitA' e vibhAgamAM temanA kavitA vizenA vicAro darzAvatI racanAo che. temAMthI keTalAka muddAo tAravIe. sauprathama teo kavine sthira prakRtivALuM hRdayapadma ugADavA kahe che. kavie lAgaNInA pravAhamAM taNAvAnuM na hoya, paNa tenAthI taTastha rahevAnuM hoya. kavihRdaya "kadi lolakuM svorminuM' na banavuM joIe. lAgaNI para niyaMtraNa hoya to ja kalAkAra potAnAM saMvedanone kalAtmaka svarUpa ApI zake. kAvyamAM vicAra-pradhAnatAnI sAthe teo gahanatA ke UMDANa paNa mAge che. phikkA ane khaDakhaDATa mAtra hoya tevA zabdothI kAvya banatuM nathI. temAM to paMktie paMktie vicAra rajU thayo hovo joIe. AthI te kAvya "lalita lalakArAvali tarala' nahIM hoya, paNa 'hRdaya UtaruM te pachI sarala' jarUra haze. kAvya zabda ane artha baMnenA saMyojanathI racAya che. zabdadehamAM arthadehI vasato hovo joIe. Ama baLavaMtarAya marama samajAye ghuti vimala' athavA to 'arthaghana sarala vimarSaka' kAvya mAge che. A kAraNe ja teo 'pocaTa AMsu sAratI' kavitAno virodha kare che. zailI, narasiMharAva athavA to kalApInI jema karuNarasamAM AnaMda mANanAra A kavi nathI. baLavaMtarAyano vicArapradhAnatAno Agraha AgaLanA jamAnAnA kavitAmAM pragaTa thatI baLavaMtarAyanI kAvyavibhAvanA UrmivAdanA pratikArarUpe janmyo hato. AthI vicArapradhAna kavitA e ja dvijottama jAtinI kavitA - evo emano Agraha carcA mAgI le tevo che. kavitA e zuM tattvajJAna che ? vaLI kAvya-sarjana mATe to | vicAra uparAMta lAgaNI, bhAva yA UrminI jarUra nathI paDatI ? Ama ahIM potAnI vAtane sUtrarUpe mUkavA jatAM temanAthI atikathana thaI gayeluM lAge che. ramaNabhAIe svAnubhavarasika kavitAne uttama kahI ane pratipAdana karyuM ke svAnubhavarasika kavi e to kaviono kavi che. baLavaMtarAya paralakSI kavitAne zreSTha mAne che. A vize teo kahe che ke sauprathama AtmajAgRti ke svayaMpratIti to hovI ja joIe. e vinA to kavi kAvya ja na racI zake. baLavaMtarAya aMgata sukhadu:khane bAjue mUkI, 'vizALa janatA viloka' kahI, gaMbhIra ane abhijAta evA mAnavabhAvone kAvyamAM kaMDAravAnuM kahe che. AthI agaNa baMdhuonI lAgaNIne kavi kAvyagaganamAM ramatI mUke che ane tyAMthI je 'abhauma ghuti' maLe che te ja ApaNA hRdayane rase che, jhaLAMhaLAM karI de che. kAvyamAM aMgata lAgaNInA be-cAra TahukA paryApta nathI, kiMtu agaNa baMdhuonA vicAro sAravIne sajIva naranAranAM vRttAMto para kAvya racAyeluM hovuM joIe. Ama thAya to ja kAvya bIjAnA hRdayamAM 'kimapi dravya' banI zake. A badhA vRttAMtonuM saMkalana karavA mATe zAstrIya jJAnanI paNa teo AvazyakatA batAve che - A rIte yUithenI jema baLavaMtarAya paNa paralakSI kavitAne zreSTha mAne che. AthI ja teo "kavinuM kartavya'mAM kahe che- badhA sUra khilavaje manuja cittasAraMginA, badhAM phalaka mApaje manuja zaktisIDI taNA." baLavaMtarAya AtmajAgRti athavA svayaMpratItinI AvazyakatA

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zabdasaMnidhi batAvI che tenI sAthe te vizuddha banI kAvyamAM vahe tema paNa kahyuM che. tene vizuddha karyA vagara kAvyamAM vahevaDAvavAmAM Ave to 'lIlAM sUkAM' sarjano thAya, paNa te ucca koTinuM kAvya to na bane. AthI ja 'kavinuM kartavya'mAM teo kavine salAha Ape che. na vastu kadi zodha kAvyataNuM AtmacittAMtare.' AtmacittAMtare vastu zodhavuM ja nahIM athavA zodha kare to paNa te kAvyarUpa pAmI zake nahIM ema emanuM kahevuM che. paNa 'AtmacittAMtare' jAgelI lAgaNIne jema vizuddhinI jarUra che, tema jagatanA anubhavothI janmelI lAgaNIne paNa kAvyamAM kaMDAravA vizuddha banAvavI jarUrI nathI ? baLavaMtarAya AtmajAgRtine svayaMpratIti tarIke ghaTAve che. Ano artha eTalo ja ke kavimAM eka prakAranI sAkSAtkAranI zakti hovI joIe. to zuM kavie AtmacittamAMthI kAvyavastu zodhavuM nahIM evI maryAdA mUkavI yogya lAge che ? AtmacittAMtare thatA anubhavo kAvyaviSayaka na ja banI zake ? joke baLavaMtarAya potAnI A vibhAvanAne jaDatAthI vaLagI rahyA nathI; teno udAratAthI viniyoga paNa karI jANyo che. teo pote ja be kavivara'mAM kAntanI sAthe 'gurjarI kuMje karuNa kalAdhara moralA' samA ane potAnA AtmacittAMtare vastu khoLanArA kalApIne paNa 'stavuM huM vaMduM huM A ja be' ema kahe che. kalApIne stavanArA A kavi 'na vastu kadi zodha kAvyataNuM AtmacittAMtara' ema kahevAmAM kAvyanA vastune AtmalakSI kuMDALAmAM purAyeluM rAkhavAne badale vizALa janasamUhamAMthI pasaMda karavA para bhAra mUke che. tema karavA jatAM kathana bIje cheDe pahoMcI jAya che tethI muzkelI UbhI thAya che. paralakSI kAvyane zreSTha mAnatA hovAthI kavidarzananI vyApakatA para teo bhAra mUke che. kavine mAnavamananA ekeeka khUNAnI bhALa hovI 1:30 kavitAmAM pragaTa thatI baLavaMtarAyanI kAvyavibhAvanA joIe. samAjanA vividha staronA mAnavIo sAthe teNe tAdAtmya sAdhyuM hovuM joIe. A kiva mAnavIo sAthe bhale pratyakSa saMparkamAM na hoya, paNa tenuM mAnasa temanA bhAvomAMthI pasAra thaI zake tevuM saMvedanazIla hovuM ghaTe. AthI e svAbhAvika che ke kavinuM vattAMta nAnuM na hovuM joIe. teNe to samasta saMsArapaTa para najara rAkhI aneka vRttAMtonuM vizALa phalaka para saMkalana karavAnuM hoya che. enI pratibhAe mahAna kavitA sarjavA karyAM karyAM kSetromAM uDDayana karavAnuM che, e paNa 'kavionA rAsa'mAM kahevAyuM che-- "vyaSTisamaSTi akhADo UMco, nRtya nArAyaNatva Toco, piDhi pachi piDhi DolaMtI hIMco, adbhutarasa itihAsa, yuga yuga saLaMgazvAsa, sAjana." kavie samagra cetanAne pakaDI rAkhanArI sRSTine kAvyamAM pragaTa karavAnI hoya che. A tapasyAnA baLe ja thaI zake. mAtra koDa thavAthI kaMI kavi thavAtuM nathI. 'kavine' kAvyamAM madhyakALanI Dhabe baLavaMtarAya A vAta sacoTa rIte kahe che "mAtra koDapUMjInI chate kavivaramALa maLI jatI hatuM, kavi eke nava tapasI thate ! nahIM tApa te zeno bhANa ! tapasyA ja kaviyananI khANa. Apa vakhANe kisyuM pramANa !" baLavaMtarAye lakhyAM che nAnAM kAvyo, paNa emanI jikara rahI che mahAna kavitA mATenI. A mahAna kavitA mahAkAvyamAM, nATakamAM athavA to ciMtanormikAvyamAM (joke arkarUpe ja) maLe. teo mahAkAvyonI vyApaka sRSTinAM lakSaNo paNa Ape che, paNa Ama karatAM teo nAnAM kAvyone anyAya nathI karatA. eTaluM ja nahIM, A 131

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zabdasaMnidhi bAbatamAM guNadarzana paNa kare che. teo kahe che ke 'bhale ne adhUkaDAM' ke madhukaNa' jevAM kAvyo hoya, tema chatAM 'pado jenAM guMjya pheri phari jitI jAya haiDAM' tevAM hoya to tene pramANavAM joIe. madhune eka biMdu paNa kevuM mIThuM lAge che ! kavi 'saoNneTaprazasti'mAM paNa soneTa vize A ja kahe che bhale na bhaDa kAya, suMdara tuM to aNye aNU " vicArapradhAnatA ane paralakSitAnA AgrahI baLavaMtarAyanI kAvyaSTi saMkucita nathI. teo kAvyane vizALa saMdarbhamAM jue che. mahAna kavitAnI apUrvatA - alaukikatA batAvatI racanA 'gurjarI kavitA baDhorTamAM kahe che - "arthazabda, dhRtichAya, rUparaMgo, suratAlo, vaLi medhAbala bhauma, vyomanI pratibhAchaoNLo, jugala paraspara prIte, svataMtra svakIya rIte, sAhi bAhya nartana jahAM AsmAna ujALo ! deza kAla hada TapI amara naravaMze hAlo !?" ahIM zabda ane artha, dhRti ane chAyanI mAphaka buddhi ane pratibhAnI AvazyakatA batAvI che. 'mahAsarga mAM kavi batAve che ke AvA kAvyano prasAda e svargano prasAda che. A kavitA svapnamUlaka che, paNa havAI nathI. kavi pAse svapna che, Ideal che, paNa te kevaLa khyAla nathI. A to sUkSma satya che. A satyanA nirUpaNa kAje te AjanI koI paNa aitihAsika bhUmikA svIkAre, paraMtu aMdara gUMtheluM rahasya to sanAtana hoya che. AmAM vyavahAranuM satya nathI hotuM, paNa tAttvika satya hoya che. baLavaMtarAyanuM A dRSTibiMdu kavitAmAM vAstavikatA vizenA emanA maMtavyamAM paNa dekhAya che. kavitA khAlI che, paNa khoTI nathI, te kavitAmAM pragaTa thatI baLavaMtarAyanI kAvyavibhAvanA svapnamaya che, chatAM vAstavika che. kAvyano prANa vAstavikatA che, paNa enuM rUpa jvAbI hoI zake. AthI ja kavi 'ho vAMsalaDI' kAvyamAM kahe che - "vAstavathI paNa vAstava dvArA zvAsa nADi sura TaukA; khvAba thakI paNa khvAbI hAra vIkSaNa nana laTakAM." kAvya divAsvapnathI sarajAya che, paNa te divAsvapna nathI hotuM. te to 'vAstavathI caDiyAtA, vAstavonnayanataNA jaMtra'nuM kAma kare che. Ama kAvyane teo vAstavathI caDiyAtuM na banAvatAM tene vAstavikatAne UMce laI janArA, vAstavikatAne bhAvanAmAM palaTAvI nAkhanArA yaMtra tarIke oLakhAve che. vAstavikatAnuM AdarzarUpe dehAMtara thAya temAM ja kAvyanI camatkRti che. kAvyaviSayanI bAbatamAM paNa teo AvuM ja vAstavika valaNa dharAve che. pote divya premanI vAto karanAra ke sUravilAsanA adbhuta raso para vArI janAra kavi nathI. joke emaNe pote ja kavitAmAM premanI sthaLa bhUmikAmAMthI sUkSma bhUmikA tarapha jatA pAtranuM varNana karyuM che. AthI divya premano kevaLa virodha hoya ema mAnI zakAya nahIM. mAtra divyapremanA AkAzamAM te UDI javA mAgatA nathI, jIvananI sthaLa vAsanAono paNa svIkAra kare che ane ene gAvAnI potAnI kavi tarIkenI pharaja mAne che. te potAne dhIMgI dharatI para rahI kavanAra kavi kahe che, paraMtu A kavi kaThora-naThora bhUtalavAsI nathI. teo khvAbI paNa che. tenA aNasArA 'anaMta pyAsanI prathama be paMktimAM sArA pramANamAM maLe che - mahane cumavuM, vyoma, hAruM atidUra urvocca e disaMta na disaMta Ura, vada, cUmavA deza ne ?" A badhI carcA pachI paNa aMte to kavitAne asaMvedya ane

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zabdasaMnidhi avyAkhyaya mAnavI paDe che. enuM kharuM sauMdarya koI siddhAMtamAM pakaDI zakAtuM nathI. mANasa pote ja tenAM saMvedano anubhave che. tenI bAnI 'zIya' che. A 'chAnI bAnI'ne zodhavAno kavino manorama prayatna *bhaNakArA' kAvyamAM AkarSaka rIte najare paDe che -puNe pAne vimala himamotI sare, tema chAnI bAnI bhInI nitari niMgaLa aMtare zIya, sehUnI !!" A anirvacanIya kavitAno mahimA baLavaMtarAye gadya ane padya baMnemAM khUba gAyo che. purANA samayanAM rAjya ane rAjyakulonI mAhitI to te samayanI mUrtio ane sikkAo parathI meLavIe chIe. koI TIMbo ke zilAlekha tenI gavAhI Ape che. Ama badhI kalAo kAlavahanamAM DUbI jAya che. e kamAtra anazvara amartya che kavitA. te nAnI hoya ke seMkaDo paMktinA virATe tanuvALI hoya, paNa tenI noMdhamAM je jhilAyuM che te ja ApaNuM zabdamAM jhilAyeluM amara tattva che. manuSya ghaDelAM badhAM kAryomAM AnuM ekanuM ja teja asala che, mAtra kavitAsvAminI ekalI ja amara che, ema kahIne teo tene yogya rIte ja " kalArANI' kahe che. sarva kalAo potAnI A vaDI bhaginI kavitAne hAtha joDI stave che. Ama baLavaMtarAyanA kahevA pramANe te kAlavahanamAM taranAra amara 'eka zabda goMpha suMdara ' ja che. jagatanA badhA vicAro ane padArthothI kavitA vilakSaNa che paNa te amara che, anezvara che, evuM zAstrIya dRSTie bhale siddha na karI zakAya, paNa baLavaMtarAyano kavitA pratyeno UMDo Adara emAMthI vyakta thAya che, e moTI vAta che. kavitAnI vyApakatA vize paNa baLavaMtarAyano Adara Adhunika lAge che. kavitA samAjanA judA judA vargo sudhI pahoMcI gayelI hoya che. bhale bhinnaruci lokone anusarI ne bhinna nemathI pravartatI hoya, paraMtu "jANo jana koI je na gAnathI ghavaiyA' ema kahIne teo kavitAnI sarvajanasparzakSamatAne upasAvI Ape che. kavitAmAM pragaTa thatI baLavaMtarAyanI kAvyavibhAvanA baLavaMtarAyanA vyaktitvanI jhalaka temanA sahRdaya bhAvaka vizenA ane lokapriyatA vizenA khyAlamAM jovA maLe che. kAvya ciraMjIva banavuM hoya to bhAvakanA hRdayamAM 'kimapi dravya' banavuM paDe. kavie bhAvake to zodhavAnA ja hoya che. bhavabhUti jevAya bhaviSyamAM bhAvaka meLavavAnI AzA rAkhe che ne ! A kavi 'mayi rakta' evA bhAvakone eka dezakALanA hovAthI 'samAnadharmI' to lekhe ja che, paNa 'sahodara vaDA* ane 'svajana' paNa gaNe che. tenA hRdayamAM thoDI jagA maLe to kavi parama lhANasukha mANe che ane AthI ja svajananI gALane hetathI nALa mAne che. A kavi bhAvakanuM gaurava kare che, paNa lokapriyatA pAchaLa bhaTakatA nathI. kavitA lokapriyatAthI para che. kavine lokapriyatAnI kyAM sudhI jarUra che te 'sarja ka kavi ane lokapriyatA' saoNneTamAM teo lAkSaNika chaTA ane khumArIthI batAve che. sarja ka lokapriyatAne svataMtrapaNe viharavAnI chUTa ApatAM kahe che juo UghADuM che ji hAra, jAva jo javuM ja nIsarI." kavi lokapriyatAnI darakAra karato nathI, paraMtu lokapriyatA sAmethI tene kaMThe mALA AropavA doDatI Ave che. te koI mosamI gIta racanAra karatAM pratibhAvaMta svamAnI kavine tyAM rahevAnuM pasaMda kare che. baLavaMtarAyanI kAvyavibhAvanA para maeNthya ArnalDanI asara jaNAya che. teo mAne che ke uttama UrmikAvya, uttama mahAkAvya ke uttama nATaka Urmivata ja haze, paraMtu temAM pradhAna to vicAra ja hovo joIe. ramaNabhAIe UrmikavitAne zreSTha kahI. paralakSI kAvya karatAM AtmalakSI kAvyane vadhu mahattva ApyuM. teno pratyAghAta baLavaMtarAyamAM jovA maLe che. teo dvijottama jAtinI kavitA to vicArapradhAna kavitAne ja gaNe che.

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zabdasaMnidhi 13 kevaLa aMgata lAgaNInI khaDabhaDathI kavitA uttama UrmikAvya, uttama mahAkAvya ke uttama nATakanI sAthe sthAna pAmI zake nahIM. kavinI kRtimAM to Urmi uparAMta kavisaMvitunA badhA koza chalakAyA hovA joIe. A ja temanI kAvyavibhAvanAmAM varatAI AvatI pAyAnI vAta che. AthI ja teo arthaghana ane paralakSI kavitA tarapha vadhu jhoka dharAve che. teo mAtmajAgRti sAthe zAstrIya jJAnane paNa mahattva Ape che ane AthI ja kAvyanI ciraMjIvitA mATe lokahRdayamAM tenuM sthAna hovuM jarUrI che, ema batAve che. gAMdhIyuganI kavitA baLavaMtarAyanA Adarzane anusarIne cAlI hatI. paraMtu te peDhInA zreSTha kavioe baLavaMtarAyanI ji karane pakaDI rAkhavAne badale Urmine vicAranI pramANasara meLavaNI karI batAvI. ThAkoranA ageyatAnA siddhAMtane sarvathA apanAvavAne badale temaNe viSayAnurUpa geya ke ageya padyavAhanano saphaLapaNe viniyoga karI jANyo. AthI trIsInA kavioe pravAhI chaMdoracanAnA prayogonI sAthe nAnAlAlano vAraso sAcave tevAM gIto paNa ApyAM. te pachInI peDhIe to A vibhAvanAne vadhu saMskArIne narI AMkhe dekhAtI vAstavikatAne tilAMjalI ApIne sukSma, atIndriya suMdaratAne kavanano viSaya banAvIne zabdabaddha karavAno prayatna karyo ane cheka najIkanA vartamAnanI peDhIno abhigama ativAstavika (Surrealistic) banyo. tene pratApe kavinI sarjakatA vAstavikatAno pratIka ke pratirUpa tarIke viniyoga karIne navIna kalA hetu siddha karavA tarapha vaLI che. Ama, AjanI kAvyavibhAvanA baLavaMtarAyanI saMkalpanAthI ghaNI AgaLa vadhI gaI che ane tene mukAbale baLavaMtarAyanI vibhAvanA sthaLa lAge. paraMtu AjanI e siddhinA choDane ucheravAmAM baLavaMtarAyanA vicAroe khAtaranuM kAma karyuM che ane te kAraNe temane itihAsamAM sthAna maLeluM che. tulanA : govardhanarAma ane munazInAM strIpAtro | gujarAtI sAhityanA be samartha navalakathAkAro-govardhanarAma ane munazI-nAM strIpAtro AgavAM ane eka arthamAM enA sarjakanI bhAvanAnAM ghAtaka che. temanI bhAvanAo, Adarzo ane pravRttio ja nahIM, paNa temanA uccAromAM paNa baMnenAM nirALA vyaktitva dekhAI Ave che. govardhanarAma ane munazInAM strIpAtronI tulanA karatA pahelAM eka bheda dhyAnamAM levo joIe. kamaLanuM daladala kholI Ape e rIte govardhanarAma pAtrano saMpUrNa paricaya Ape che. e pachI kathApravAha dvArA to mAtra pAtranAM guNa-avaguNa darzAvatI ghaTanAonAM dRSTAMto ja maLe che. AthI 'sarasvatIcaMdra'nA pahelA bhAgamAM jevI kumuda jovA maLe che, evI ja kumuda cothA bhAgane aMte dekhAya che. jyAre munazInAM pAtro satata kriyAzIla ane parivartanazIla lAge che. jema jema paristhiti sarjAtI jAya, tema tema pAtranAM guNo-lakSaNo pragaTa thatAM jAya che. zrI munazInI navalakathAo nATayAtmaka navalakathA hovAthI pAtro enA kArya dvArA vikasatAM rahe che te enI viziSTatA che. govardhanarAma ane munazInI prakRti, vicArazakti temaja nirUpaNazaktimAM moTo taphAvata che. govardhanarAmanAM pAtro munazInAM pAtro jevAM parAkramI ane kriyAzIla jaNAtAM nathI. munazIno uddeza ja jIvanano ullAsa gAvAno che. tethI temanAM pAtro mAtra ullAsa gAnArAM ane batAvanArAM hoya che, temAM govardhanarAmAM pAtro jevuM ciMtana najare paDatuM nathI. vaLI munazInAM pAtro potAnuM dhyeya yA to mahattvAkAMkSA siddha karavA satata doDatAM jaNAya che. koIne potAnI gati rokI sthira citta jIvanano ane ghaNI vAra to potAnA kAryanA sArAsArano vicAra karavAnI navarAza nathI.

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zabdasaMnidhi govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtromAM vaividhya sArA pramANamAM jovA maLe che. zAMta ane saraLa saubhAgyadevI, vyavahAradakSa ane tyAganI bhAvanAvALI guNasuMdarI ane khaTapaTI gumAna paNa jovA maLe che. zrI munazInAM pAtromAM vaividhya dekhAya che. Ama chatAM temAM ekatAnatA jaNAyA vagara nahi rahe. te badhAM tejasvI pAtro 'eka ja saMgheDe" utArelAM lAge che. temanAM kAryo, paristhiti vagere bAbatomAM vaividhya che, paraMtu temanI AMtarika saMpattimAM kaMI pheraphAra nathI; pachI te pAtra paurANika hoya, aitihAsika hoya ke kAlpanika. zrI munazInAM pAtro sarakhI paristhitimAM mUko to ekasarakhuM ja kAma kare. mInaLa yA maMjarIne kAzmIrAdevInI paristhitimAM mUko to te pAtro kAzmIrAdevI jevuM ja AcaraNa karaze. jyAre govardhanarAmanI kumudane sthAne kusumane mUko to te kumudanI jema nahIM vartatAM, potAnA AgavA vyaktitva mujaba ja vartaze. Ama munazInAM strIpAtromAM dekhItuM vaividhya che, paNa aMte to badhAM ja sarakhAM lAge che. jyAre gauvardhanarAmanuM dareka strIpAtra nijI vyaktitvano raMga dharAve che. vaLI govardhanarAma ApeluM sAdhvI caMdrAvalI jevuM pAtra munazInI navalakathAo ane nATakomAM kyAMya zodhavA jatAMya nahIM jaDe. govardhanarAma samavayaska pAtromAM suMdara rIte svabhAvabheda batAve che. alaka ane kumuda, saubhAgyadevI ane guNasuMdarI temaja alaka ane kusuma lagabhaga samavayaska hovA chatAM sArA pramANamAM svabhAvabheda batAve che. munazInAM samAnavayanAM pAtromAM sAruM evuM sAmya jovA maLe che. maMjarI, mInaLa, caulA, kAzmIrAdevI, mRNAla vageremAM sArA pramANamAM sarakhApaNuM jovA maLe che. govardhanarAmanAM pAtronI saMskAritA kharekhara manohara che. munazI tevI saMskAritA ANavA prayAsa kare che, paNa lAvI zakatA nathI. maMjarI jevI saMskRta zloko bolanArI kavikulaziromaNinI vidyAgarvitA putrI tulanA : govardhanarAma ane munazInAM strIpAtro zunanavaeNti IT I? jevuM tenA mukhamAM na zobhe tevuM vAkya bole che. vaLI maMjarI 'gujarAtano nAtha'nA AraMbhamAM kAlidAsa ane tyAra pachI kAka pratye prIti dharAvatI te kAkanI bAbatamAM (pR. 494) "haiyAno hAra' evo zabda vApare che. jyAre AvI nATakiyA ukti sarasvatIcaMdranA cAre bhAgamAM kyAMya jovA maLaze nahIM. govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtro puruSapAtrane UMcuM sthAna Ape che. paNa tenI pAchaLa 'dAsI janamajanamanI' thavAno nahIM paNa 'sAthI janamajanamanA' thavAno bhAva hoya che. jyAre 'gujarAtano nAtha'mAM maMjarI jevuM pAtra bethI paNa vadhu vakhata pote koInI dAsI thavA mAMge che tema kahe che. te eka sthaLe kahe che, 'jyAM jouM chuM tyAM vaheMtiyA najare caDe che emAMthI konI dAsI thAuM ?" (pR. 206) to vaLI 'svarga sIDI caDatAM ke UtaratAM" prakaraNamAM maMjarI kAkane kahe che, 'to paNa tamArI dAsI." jyAre govardhanarAmanA koI paNa strIpAtranA manamAM ke mukhamAM dAsI thavAno bhAva hoto ja nathI. maMjarI jeTalI tenI kalpanAthI ane bhAvanAothI asAdhAraNa lAge che, teTalI tenI bhASAthI asAdhAraNa lAgatI nathI. munazInI viziSTa prakAranI vAkchaTA tenAmAM UtarI che. vaLI te saMskRta zloko paNa sArA pramANamAM bole che, tema chatAM A pAtramAM kumuda yA kusuma jevI saMskAritA jovA maLatI nathI. munazInAM pAtronA mukhamAM kavitAnI je paMktio hoya che te sAva sAmAnya hoya che. jyAre govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtronAM mukhamAM mukAyelI kavitA ucca kakSAnI hoya che. jema ke munazInI tanamana DAhyAbhAI dhoLazAjInA nATakanI paMktio bole che, jyAre govardhanarAmanI kumuda "kusumamALA'mAMthI paMktio bole che. vaLI te alakane je rIte kavitA samajAve che te parathI teNe sAcI kavitA pacAvI hoya tema lAge che. 138 13e

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zabdasaMnidhi munazInAM strIpAtro vyaktinehane mahattva Ape che, jyAre govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtro mAtra vyaktiniSTha na rahetAM AgaLa najara doDAve che. 'puruSa ke strI bemAMthI koInuM ye jIvana praNayaprerita saMsAra vinA saMpUrNa nathI' evo munazInAM pAtrono saMdeza che, jyAre govardhanarAmanI bhAvanA sarasvatIcaMdrane mukhe ja vyakta thaI che - "strImAM puruSanA puruSArthanI paryApti thatI nathI.' Ama munazInAM pAtro vyakti premamAM raMgAyelAM che ane jIvananI dhanyatA paNa emAM ja enubhave che. jyAre govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtro vyaktiniSTha snehathI paNa AgaLa vadhelAM vyApaka premabhAvanAvALAM jovA maLe che. govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtro samAjanI dRSTie vadhu vicAra karatAM lAge che, jyAre munazInAM pAtro samAjanI bahu paravA karatAM nathI, eTaluM ja nahIM paNa kyAreka to samAjane AghAta paNa Ape che. samAjanI dRSTine ja lakSamAM rAkhIne guNasuMdarI jevuM pAtra kumuda vize kevA abhiprAya bAMdhe che ! Ama govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtro munazInAM strIpAtra karatAM vadhu samAjaniSTha che. vaLI munazInAM strIpAtrone govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtrone mukAbale iSTa-aniSTano khyAla ocho jaNAya che. munazInAM strIpAtro samaya Avye potAnA mohinIsvarUpano paNa upayoga kare che, prasanna A rIte ja potAnA mohinIsvarUpano upayoga karI morArapALane banAve che ane maMjarI paNa potAnI khIlatI juvAnImAM rahelA prabaLa jAdu vaDe maNibhadrane mohAMdha banAve che. govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtro mohinIsvarUpano upayoga karatAM nathI. temanAM strIpAtrone iSTa-aniSTanA khyAlo vaLagelA che. munazInAM pAtro govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtrone mukAbale vadhu svataMtra che. tanamana ane kumudanI sthiti sarakhI ja che. kumuda pramAdadhanane svAmI tarIke svIkAre che, jyAre tanamana pote kharIdAyelI hovAthI tenI tulanA: govardhanarAma ane munazInAM strIpAtro sAthe anya koI prakArano saMbaMdha rAkhavAnI nA pADe che. vaLI kumuda to paDyuM pAnuM nibhAvI le che, jyAre tanamana prabaLa virodha kare che. A baMne sarjakonAM strIpAtro thoDAM avAstavika paNa kyAreka lAge che. govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtromAM bhAvanAnA raMgo vadhu pramANamAM purAyelA hovAthI ane munazInAM strIpAtromAM kalpanAnA raMgo vadhu pramANamAM hovAthI baMnenAM pAtro puruSo para sAro evo prabhAva pADe che. munazI prathama saMgharSa batAvI A prabhAva Alekhe che. jyAre govardhanarAma evo saMgharSa nirUpatA nathI. vaLI munazInAM pAtromAM aham UchaLato paNa dekhAya che. munazInAM strIpAtro kyAreka puruSaveze jatAM, pati sAthe bhAgI chUTatAM, potAnA mohinI svarUpano upayoga karatAM ane tenA aitihAsika raMgane kAraNe ochAM vAstavika lAge che. vaLI 'kono vAMka ?'nI maNi chApare kUde che tevuM govardhanarAmanA eke pAtramAM jovA maLatuM nathI. govardhanarAmanAM pAtrone jamAnAthI judAM pADI zakAtAM nathI. te samakAlIna jamAnAnA viziSTa aMzo dhAraNa kare che. vaLI kartAe kahyuM che tema 'vArtAno samaya cheka samIpano ane pradeza ApaNI gurjara vastIno rAkhelo che.' jyAre zrI munazInAM pAtro viziSTa dezakALanAM pAtro na lAgatAM sarvasAmAnya dezakALanAM tejasvI pAtro tarIke chApa pADe che. govardhanarAmanAM pAtroe samAja upara sArI evI asara karI hatI. zrI vizvanAtha bhaTTa kahe che tema 'sarasvatIcaMdra'nI mAphaka 'AkhI vAcaka AlamamAM kautukano, ciMtAno ane pRcchAno viSaya banI jAya evuM prabhutva gujarAtamAM bIjI eka paNa vArtAe meLavyuM nathI.vaLI emanAM strIpAtroe samAja para bhAre asara karI hatI. jyAre zrI

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zabdasaMnidhi munazInA kavanakALa daramyAna rASTrIya hilacAlane lIdhe mAtra navalakathAthI jIvana ghaDanArA ochA mANaso hatA. vaLI munazIe asmitA ane svataMtratAno saMdeza Apyo, paraMtu e samaye samAja gAMdhIjInI vicArasaraNIthI prabhAvita hato, tene munazInI vicArasaraNI ke bhAvanAo abhibhUta karI zakI nahIM. ethI govardhanarAmanAM pAtro ane temAMya strIpAtroe jeTalI asara gujarAta para karI che, teTalI munazInAM strIpAtro karI zakyAM nathI. munazI svabhAve rUDhibhaMja ka ane navInatApriya che, to govadharmanarAmanI prakRti ziSTa, samanvayapriya che. baMnenAM strIpAtromAM temanI prakRtinA guNo tarI AvyA che. munazInAM strIpAtro vAcakanA cittane AMjI de che, jyAre govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtro vAcakanA mAnasapaTa para saumya prabhAva nAMkhe che. munazInAM strIpAtro tejasvI che, AkarSaka che temaja manamAM ramyA kare tevAM che, paNa te mAtra AnaMda ApIne aTakI jAya che. temAMthI AsvAdajanya AnaMda maLe che, paNa vAcakanI AMtarika samRddhimAM vadhAro thato nathI. jyAre govardhanarAmanAM strIpAtro AnaMdanI sAthe kaMIka ciMtana paNa ApI jAya che. AthI ja munazInAM strIpAtro karatAM govardhanarAmanA strIpAtro manamAM vadhu UMDI ane cirasthAyI asara pedA kare che. baMnemAM sAmya jovuM hoya to kahI zakAya ke baMne ucca koTinA sarjakonAM mAnasasaMtAno che ane gujarAtI sAhityamAM ciraMjIva sthAnanAM adhikArI banyAM che. gujarAtI navalakathAnA vikAsanA be mahattvanA sImAstaMbhonA nidarzanarUpa A baMne mahAna lekhakonAM strIpAtro cirasmaraNIya raheze. monTA-kaoNlAja* : pratIkSAnA samudranAM UchaLatAM mojAM kavizrI, jagadIza joSIe avasAna pahelAMnAM be varSa daramyAna racelAM (1976-1978) kAvyono A saMgraha che. AnI pahelAM temaNe be saMgraho 'AkAza' ane 'vamaLanAM vana' ApelA, ane temAMnA kAvyakundane kavitApArakhuone prasanna karelA. AyuSanI ardhI sadI sudhI paNa nahIM pahoMcelA A saMvedanazIla kavine temanA bIjA saMgraha vamaLanAM vana' mATe to 1977nuM gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanuM 'umAsneharazmi pAritoSika paNa enAyata thayeluM. nigUDha aMtarthyathAne vAcA ApatI temAMnI kavitA to karuNa che ja, paNa te mATe temane maraNottara pAritoSika ApavAno prasaMge upasthita thayo te emanI kavitAnA laya sAthe karuNatAno laya sAdhavA vidhAtAe Ubho karelo saMjoga hato. kavimitra ane sahRdaya kavijIva sureza dalAle temanI sahajasiddha saMpAdanakalAno lAbha A saMgrahane Apyo che. jagadIzanAM cauda lAMbAM kAvyone ahIM temaNe "monTA-kaoNlAja'mAM zobhe te rIte bhinna bhinna sAmagrImAMthI eka AkAra Ubho karI Ape te rIte goThavyAM che. monTA-kaoNlAja' zIrSaka kavie citrakaLAnI zailInAM 'monTAja' ane 'kaoNlAja' nAmanA samanvayathI racyuM che. "monTAja' eTale ekabIjAthI judAM tarI AvatAM citro ke dezyone bhegAM karIne temane evI rIte goThavavAM ke e judAM rahe chatAM temAMthI eka akhaMDa AkAra racAya. 'kaoNlAja' eTale paraspara visaMgata lAgatA padArtho (jevAM ke chApuM, khIlA, kapaDuM, kUla vagere) eka pATI para coMTADIne temAMthI koI pratIkAtmaka asara sUcavavAnI karAmata. citrakaLAno A kasaba ApaNI Adhunika kavioe upayogamAM levA mAMDyo che. gulAmamohaMmada zekha, * monTA-kaoNlAja : kavi : jagadIza joSI, saMpAdaka : sureza dalAla, prakAzaka: ena. ema. tripAThI prAiveTa limiTeDa, muMbaI, prathama AvRtti, 1939, kiM. rU. 15 142

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monTA-kaoNlAja : pratIkSAnA samudranAM UchaLatAM mojAM jovA jaIe re....'mAM layanI ramatathI layalA - caMdramukhI - devadAsa - pAru - kAgaDo - duho - uMdara - glAsa - kutto - naTa - mohana - kuMvarabAI - kALa - vANiyo - paTela - dhana - cakara - zAyara - lAyara ema asaMkhya padArthonuM monTAja goThavIne, kavitAnuM milkazeika banAvIne, viSAdano kaDavo svAda karAve che. 'mitrone' e kAvyamAM kavi temane sudhAravA mAgatA mitronI sAme potAno "huM" dhare che : "A nAzanA vinAzanI pAchaLa sapanAMonI lAza paDI che : enI kabara upara raMgIna phUlo ugADIne zabdasaMnidhi caMdrakAnta TopIvALA ane bIjAoe teno kavitAmAM viniyoga karelo che ane temAMthI vibhinna mAnasika sthitione vyaMjita karatI asara upasAvI che. jagadIza joSInI viziSTatA e che ke te potAne maLela maryatvanI vedanAne vividha saMdarbhomAMthI, tIvra ane maMda svaramAM, lAgaNIveDAmAM UtaryA vagara, TADhAboLa lAvAmAM boLelA zabdothI AkRta kare che. saMgrahanA pAMcamA kAvyanuM zIrSaka 'monTA-kaoNlAja' che. temAM samagra saMsAramAM cAlatAM taddana virUpa ane visaMgata dRzyonuM vicitra mizraNa 'pAradarzaka kAcanA banAvela vaeNnIzane blAinDanI paTTIo' para zvAsanI tejIlI gatithI jAmatA varALanA tharane bhedIne jovAno vyartha prayatna kare che. temAMthI tene duniyAnI 'bakholaparasta raMgInI' dekhAya che te 'AdyA prakRtinI sahaja rasikatA' hoya to paNa kavine mana to mAnavaprakRtinI 'rasika-rikta-tA" ja che. 'Hospital-IC.C.U.' e kAvyamAM temanI A nirAzA vadhu gherI bane che. khuda mRtyunI moDhAmoDha mulAkAta lIdhI hoya tevuM saMvedana temAMthI niSpanna thAya che. temAM lohInuM rudana ane tenuM gAna haoNspiTalanA vAtAvaraNamAM te saMbhaLAve che. kavi hRdayaroganA dardI tarIke haoNspiTalamAM rahe che tyAre rabarasola paherelI narse temane billIpagA mRtyunI cetavaNI ApatI "dhoLI dIvAdAMDI' rUpe dekhAya che. dardanIgaLatA duhAo ane sAmAnya rIte na pakaDAtA zabdo ane sUrone jhaDapI levA mathatA eriyalanuM kAma karatuM kavinuM hRdaya : A badhuM ekabIjAnA sAnnidhyamAM juxtapositionthI mRtyunA jhAMkhA sAkSAtkAranI mudhara vedanAne dhvanita kare che. 'bArImAMthI 'mAM paNa batAvyuM che tema jIvavuM ke bharavuMnA be samAMtara lokhaMDI pATA para svapnane dhakhadhakha cAlatI TrenamAMthI gAmaDuM ane smazAna dekhAya che ne chevaTe pazcimane badale pUrvanA pleTaphorma para UtarI paDavAne kAraNe "koIka ajANyo cahero' bacoLiyAnI mAphaka pula oLaMgAve che tenuM nAma jiMdagI ! 'hAlone madharAtanI zAMtinI jhArImAMthI dhIre dhIre sIMcyA karuM chuM mArA ekalavAyA ajaMpAnuM uSNodaka...huM A karamAyelA bagIcAmAM jouM chuM :" jhIMkAtA meghano huM khIlatA phUlano huM saLa katI vIjaLIno huM chupAvela naMbarano huM pharatA DAyalano huM ghareNAMgarbha chAyalano huM karamAtAM tulasIno huM UchakatA bALakano huM UchaLatA saMtAnano huM bhUMsAtA cAMdalAno huM bhasatA kUtarAno huM pharakatA saDhano huM maratA pitAno huM....." 'kuratAnA lAjamArga" para ghavAyelA, dubhAyelA, kuNAyelA potAnA huMnI ja e kathA che. jemAM rojhInA marI gayA pachI suno paDelo khIlo khAlI gamANamAM suMdhe evI ceSTA potAnI paNa che ema kahe che. abhAvamAMthI UbhI thatI ekalatAnI vedanA emaNe pAraDI gAyanA khAlI AMcaLa dhAvatA vAcharuM, bhAgavata paranA AMdhaLAM cazamAM, gUMcaLuM thaIne paDelI rudrAkSanI mALA, pAru-caMdramukhI ke temanI vedanAne

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zabdasaMnidhi gAtA zaradabAbunAM kalpano dvArA '-adRzya-sAde'mAM AkRta karI che, tema 'pratItimAM sahyA nahIM jatA vehanA vraNane 'zabdanI tUTatI vAMsaLImAM dUjhavA dIdhA che. A mAMDelI vAratAnuM zuM ?' e racanAmAM paNa premanAM kArDiyogrAmamAM baLatI javAlAonI vighurekhAonI rAkha UDe che. sauthI vadhu vedhaka kAvya "kSaNonA lAkSAgRhamAM" che. temAM kavinI vANI pegaMbarI Aveza dhAraNa kare che. samayanA yaMtramAM pisAI rahelA mAnavIno Akroza ane kSaNonA jananasthAnane thaMbhAvI devA mathato. paDakAra temAM saMbhaLAya che. jiMdagInI kSaNabhaMguratAne bhAtabhAtanAM kalpanothI zaNagArIne e paDakAre che : * baMdha karI do e kSaNonuM jananasthAna kSaNoe ja macAvyo che A tarakhATa kSaNoe ja racyo che A ghATa. samayanI A vATe : vATano A samaye. paMkhInA dehamAMthI chUTo pADI do enA kaMThano TahukoTahuko anaMga, Tahuko adauM... monTA-kaoNlAja : pratIkSAnA samudranAM UchaLatAM mojAM enI bhAvi peDhIone vArasAmAM ApI javI che mAtra pelI kALasaMdUka. mRtyuno moTo vAraso ja dareka peDhIne maLe che te satya kavie nIcenA zabdomAM maDhayuM che : mitronA ArasanI pharasa jevA ThaMDAgAra kapALanA DAma je mArI hatheLImAM paDyA tevA DAma kadAca nahIM sahana karI zake A saMtAno : ke pachI, saMtAnone maLI haze ke mArA jevI dAjha kaNI hatheLIo vArasAmAM ? bhaviSyanA ArasAmAM !" kSaNonAM lAkSAgRhomAM pravezadvAro ja hoya che, chaTakabArI nathI hotI, eTale bhaviSyanI peDhIo temAM pravezyA ja karaze ne temAMthI koIne kadAca acAnaka jemAM pelI khAna-pAna-gAnanI koIka kSaNone sAcavI rAkhela te kALa-saMdUka maLI Ave evI AzA pragaTe che : pratIkSAnI baLatI vATane potAnI cAMcamAM laIne UDatuM peluM paMkhI kyAre chamakArI deze kSaNonA A-u-chaLatA A chaLatA samudramAM !" Ama jagadIzanI kavitAo pravartamAna yuganAM 'anaMta UchaLatA pratIkSA samudrane marmavedhaka vedanAno chamakAra ApIne tene kALa-saMdUkamAM utArI dIdhI che ema kahI zakAya. jagadIza joSInI kavitAmAM mANasonA hasatA caherAnI tvacA nIce rahelAM AMsuonAM kuMDa chalakAya che. kavi 'eka azarIra dardamAM kahe che : ene huM saMgharI rAkhuM mArA jIvananI khAna-pAna-gAnanI kSaNonI jema : ane, dATI dauM ene dharatInA garbhamAM UMDe UMDe eka polAdI kALa-saMdUkamAM eTaluM to sacavAI raheze bhaviSyanI peDhIo mATe ! bAkI, mArI vedanAone cAhavA mArI niSphaLatAone cAvavA (vAha, mArI mamatAnI vAhavAha !) taiyAra che AkhIya dharatIno A vAMjhiyo paTa *

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zabdasaMnidhi (2) hovA karatAM na hovAnuM sukha kyAreka azvatthAmA jevuM ciraMjIva hoya che...." kAvyamAM satata kriyA darzAvatAM pratirUponI goThavaNI karavAno kasaba sthaLe sthaLe dekhAya che. kavino pratIkSAno bhAva 'pALiyAmAM pragaTa thAya che. kAMTAnI vADathI DuMgaranI dhAra sudhI kavinI najara pharI vaLe che. dhAranA pIpaLA heThaLanI zilA para sthira thatA dekhAtA pALiyA, tenA para kotarela ghoDesavAra ane tenA hAthanuM hathiyAra tathA tenI nIce kotarelo lekha ju e che jemAM kavi potAnuM nAma zodhe che. jyAre AyuSya vize to kavi kahe che : "pAMkhamAMthI chUTuM paDI dharatInI kAkhamAM samAya eTalA samaya pUratuM ja che AyuSya o AyuSyanuM." jagadIzanI eka vizeSatA e che ke UMDI anubhUtithI raNakatI saccAI tenA kAvyodgAramAM saMbhaLAya che. tenuM kathana kyAMye poluM ke medasvI lAgatuM nathI; kemake jIvananI ArapAra jovA mathatI dRSTinuM teja tenA zabdomAM UtareluM hoya che. mRtyunA othAra nIce e vAta kare che tyAre rAvajI sAMbhare. paNa rAvajImAM grAmajIvanano saMdarbha, dharatImAMthI phUTatA tRNanI jema svAbhAvika Ugato jAya che; jyAre jagadIza moTebhAge zaherI sophisticationthI ekalatA, riktatA ane bhagnAzatAne sUcavatAM kalpanonI bharamAra goTAve che. rAvajIno sUra vadhu. maMdra, vyApaka ane vedhaka e judI vAta. badhI ja racanAo gadya vAhanamAM che. temAM padyane IrSyA Ave monTA-kaoNlAja : pratIkSAnA samudranAM UchaLatAM mojAM evA gadyanA layabaddha corasA goThavAIne manorama AkAra race che. TADhA DAmane upasAvavA mATe padya karatAM gadya vadhu kAragata thAya che-tenI pratIti gaghavAhanamAM vicaratI Adhunika kavitAe karAvI ApI che. jagadIzanI kavitAno emAM sakriya phALo che. emAM "mRtyunI bAjhelI zevALane' samajAvavA e keTakeTalA padArthonA saMdarbho ekasAthe upasAvI Ape che ! temAM kavinI vedanazIlatA ane kalpanAnI nAju kAI kasoTIe caDatI dekhAya che. be-traNa ja dRSTAMta joIe: (1) "tapakhIriyA ArasanI pratimAnA mAthA para chuTTI vALa banIne rAta pharakyA kare che." ('azarIra darda") vRkSone jema AkAra hoya che : ema AMsune paNa eka prakAra hoya che : vRkSane dharatIno, tema AMsune bhUtakALanI AMkhono eka AdhAra hoya che." | ('mitrone...) (3) sapanAnA taraMgo para laherAtI vanarAI : cAMdanI oDhIne AphelagAphela paDelI vanarAInAM gheghUra aMgo upara pavanano sara kato hAtha pharyo... ane samagra kALane thayelA romAMcanI cADI khAI beThAM sUkAM-sUnAM pAMdaDAMo !" ('monTA-kaoNlAja') jagadIza jIvananI AzA, zraddhA ane mAMgalyanAM kAvyo, kadAca, 148

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zabdasaMnidhi vadhu jIvyo hota to Apata e matalabanuM zrI sureza dalAlanuM vidhAna svIkArIe to paNa jagadIze kahyuM tema. dareka lohIne raDavA mATe potapotAno Agavo rAga hoya che. jagadIzanI kavitAno sUra viSAdano che ane e viSAdano sama jagadIzano potAno che. tenI vANImAM sadhAto laya viSAdanI jema ghaNI vAra samakAlInonI haLavAzane apanAve che. kalpanAnuM phalaka paNa vaividhya karatAM UMDANane vizeSa lakSe che. temAM bhAvanAgAMbhIrya ane kathananI maulika camakane kAraNe sahRdayane tallIna karavAnI zakti che. 'eka azarIra darda mAM mukelA nIcenA udgAra tenI kavitA ane bhAvakane lAgu pADI zakAya : gaLAmAMthI saratA kharajanA sUromAM eka azarIra darda jyAre cAMda sAthe AMkaDA bhIDe che tyAre samudra paNa AMkho baMdha karI daIne prANAyAma kare che : ane samudranuM mAthuM halatuM nathI." vIsamI sadInA AThamA dAyakAnA thoDAka gujarAtI kavioe UMDA dardane svakIya raNakAvALI vANI ane navIna camakavALI kalpanAthI kavitAmAM maDhI batAvyuM che temAM jagadIza joSInuM sthAna che.