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________________ samyaka cAritra pa0 bAlacandra siddhAntazAstrI svarUpa __ AcArya kundakunda ne moha aura kSobha arthAt darzanamoha aura cAritramoha, inase rahita Atma-pariNati ko cAritra kahA hai| nAmAntara se use 'dharma' va 'sama' bhI kahA gayA hai| abhiprAya yaha huA ki samyagdarzana aura usake avinAbhAvI samyagjJAna ke sAtha samasta iSTAniSTa padArthoM meM rAga-dveSa na karanA--yaha 'cAritra' hai|' isI abhiprAya ko vyakta karate hue AcArya samantabhadra ne bhI kahA hai ki moha (darzanamoha-mithyAtva) ke vinaSTa ho jAne para, samyagdarzana ke prApta ho jAne se jisakA jJAna samyagjJAna rUpa meM pariNata ho gayA hai, vaha mumukSu bhavya, rAga-dveSa kI nivRtti ke lie, cAritra ko svIkAra karatA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne cAritra ke paryAyavAcI jisa dharma kA ullekha kiyA hai, svAmI samantabhadra ne use samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyakcAritra svarUpa hI kahA hai, use hI karmanAzaka evaM nidhi va nirAkula sukha ke sthAnabhUta mokSa ko prApta karAne vAlA nirdiSTa kiyA hai| zramaNa kI sama-svarUpatA ko spaSTa karate hue pravacanasAra meM kahA gayA hai ki-zramaNa zatru-mitra, sukha-duHkha, prazaMsA-nindA, miTTI suvarNa tathA jIvana va maraNa-ina saba meM sama-harSa-viSAda se rahita hotA hai| puruSa kA prayojana sthira AtmasvarUpa ko prApta karanA hai| vaha taba siddha hotA hai jaba prANI viparIta abhiprAya (mithyAtva) ko chor3akara yathArtharUpa meM AtmA ke svarUpa kA nizcaya karatA huA, usase vicalita nahIM hotA hai| ise amRtacandra sUri ne puruSArtha-siddhi (mukti) kA upAya batAyA hai| ___ isakA bhI yahI abhiprAya hai ki jo samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ke sAtha rAga-dveSa ke parihArapUrvaka nizcala AtmasvarUpa meM avasthita hotA hai, vaha apane prayojana ko siddha kara letA hai| Age puruSArthasiddhayupAya meM prakRta ratnatraya ke svarUpa ko isa prakAra abhivyakta kiyA gayA hai.-AtmA ke nizcaya ko samyagdarzana, usI AtmA ke avabodha ko samyagjJAna, aura usI AtmA meM sthira hone ko samyakcAritra kahA jAtA hai| ye karmabandha ke abhAva ke kAraNa hokara, saMvara aura nirjarA ke kAraNa haiN| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki pradezabandha yoga se, aura sthitibandha kaSAya se huA karatA hai| samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra-ye tInoM na yoga-rUpa haiM aura na kaSAya-rUpa bhI haiN| ataeva unase bandha kI sambhAvanA hI kaise kI jA sakatI hai ? 6 svAmI samantabhadra ne uparyukta nizcala AtmasvarUpa kI prApti ko Atyantika svAsthya batAte hue, use hI AtmA kA prayojana nirdiSTa kiyA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki kSaNabhaMgura indriyajanita sukhopabhoga to uttarottara tRSNA kA saMvardhaka hone se santApa kA hI janaka hai, zAzvatika sukha kA vaha kabhI kAraNa nahIM ho sktaa| 1. pravacanasAra, 1/7 2. ratnakaraNDa, 47 3. ralakaraNDa, 2/3 4. pravacanasAra, 3/41 5. puruSArthasidyupAya, 15 6. vahI, 215-16 7. svayaMbhUstotra, 31 AcArya zrI vezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana pranya
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________________ saMyama kI samAnArthakatA 'saMyama' yaha ukta cAritra kA prAyaH samAnArthaka zabda hai / ' saMyama ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue tattvArthavArtika meM kahA gayA hai ki vratoM ke dhAraNa, samitiyoM ke paripAlana, kaSAyoM ke nigraha, mana-vacana-kAya kI duSpravRttirUpa daNDoM ke tyAga aura indriyoM ke jaya kA nAma saMyama hai / ' yahI saMyama kA svarUpa dhavalA meM bhI eka prAcIna gAthA ko uddhRta karate hue nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai| vahAM itanA vizeSa spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki 'saMyama' meM uparyukta 'saM' zabda se dravyayama - samyagdarzana se rahita mahAvrata- - kA niSedha kara diyA gayA hai| Age vahAM saMyata ke svarUpa kA nirdeza karate hue yaha bhI spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna ke anusAra jo yata haiM-- antaraMga aura bahiraMga parigraha se virata haiM ve 'saMyata' kahalAte haiN|" AcArya kundakunda ne usI zramaNa ko saMyata kahA hai jo pAMca samitiyoM kA pAlana karatA hai, tIna guptiyoM ke dvArA AtmA kA pApAcaraNa se saMrakSaNa karatA hai, pAMcoM indriyoM para niyantraNa rakhatA hai, kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta kara cukA hai, zatru va mitra Adi meM samabhAva rakhatA hai; tathA ekAgratApUrvaka samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna va samyak cAritra ina tInoM ke eka sAtha ArAdhana meM udyata rahatA hai| aisA hI 'saMyata' paripUrNa zrAmaNya (nirgranthatA) kA svAmI hotA hai| isake viparIta, jo anya dravya kA Azraya lekara rAga, dveSa aura moha ko prApta hotA hai, vaha ajJAnI hokara aneka prakAra ke karmoM se sambaddha hotA hai / karmoM ke kSaya kA kAraNa to anya padArthoM meM rAga, dveSa aura moha kA abhAva hI hai|* cAritra ke sAtha samyagdarzana kI anivAryatA 'darzana-prAbhRta' meM cAritrasvarUpa dharma ko darzana-mUlaka kahA gayA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki jisa prakAra mUla (jar3a) ke binA vRkSa sthira nahIM raha sakatA, usI prakAra samyagdarzana ke binA cAritra sthira nahIM raha sktaa| Age vahAM yaha spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki darzana se jo bhraSTa haiM ve bhraSTa hI haiM, ve kabhI nirvANa ko prApta nahIM ho skte| isake viparIta, jo cAritra se bhraSTa haiM, ve yathAsamaya nirvANa ko prApta kara lene vAle haiM (isake lie AcArya samantabhadra ko udAharaNa ke rUpa meM liyA jA sakatA hai) / samyagdarzana se bhraSTa jIva aneka prakAra ke zAstroM meM pAraMgata hone para bhI samyagdarzana-ArAdhanA se rahita hone ke kAraNa, saMsAra meM hI paribhramaNa karate rahate haiN| " " Age isI 'darzana-prAbhRta' meM yaha spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki mumukSu bhavya, jitanA kucha sadAcaraNa zakya ho, utanA kare / para jisakA paripAlana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, usa para zraddhA avazya rakhe / kAraNa yaha ki kevalI 'jina' ne zraddhAna karane vAle Atma-hitaiSI ke samyaktva ko sadbhAva kahA hai / " lagabhaga isI abhiprAya ko abhivyakta karate hue 'cArita prAbhUta' meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki jo samyaktvAcaraNa se zuddha hote haiM ve vivekI bhavya yadi saMyamAcaraNa ko prApta kara lete haiM to zIghra nirvANa ko pA lete haiM / kintu jo usa samyaktvAcaraNa se bhraSTa hote hue saMyamAcaraNa karate haiM, ve ajJAnamaya jJAna meM vimUr3ha hone ke kAraNa nirvANa ko prApta nahIM kara pAte haiM / " yahAM yaha smaraNIya hai ki AcArya kundakunda ne cAritra ke do bheda kiye haiM--samyaktvAcaraNa cAritra aura saMyamAcaraNa cAritra | 5 A0 samantabhadra jJAna aura cAritra kI apekSA samyagdarzana ke mahattva ko spaSTa karate hue kahate haiM ki jisa prakAra kuzala kevaTa yAtriyoM ko nAva ke dvArA nadI ke usa pAra pahuMcA detA hai, usI prakAra samyagdarzana saMsAra-samudra se pAra karAne meM usa kevaTa ke samAna hai / ata: vaha jJAna aura cAritra kI apekSA pramukhatA se ArAdhanIya hai| jJAna aura cAritra samyaktva ke binA na utpanna hote haiM, na vRddhi ko prApta hote haiM, sthira rahate haiM, aura na apanA phala bhI de sakate haiM, usI prakAra jisa prakAra bIja ke binA vRkSa / yahI kAraNa hai jo vahAM mohavAna - darzanamoha se AkAnta micyA dRSTimuni kI apekSA nirmoha usa darzana moha se rahita samyagdRSTi gRhastha ko mokSa mArga meM sthita bahalAte hue use 1. dekhie - SaTkhaNDAgamasUtra 1 / 1 / 123 (01), aura tattvArthasUtra, 6/18 2. dekhie, ta0 vA0 6 / 7 /18, pR0 330 3. saMyamanaM saMyamaH / na dravyayamaH saMyamaH, tasya 'sam' zabdenApAditvAt / pu0 1, pR0 144-45 ( 1 / 1/4) / 'sam' samyak samyagdarzanajJAnAnusAreNa yatAH bahiraMgAntaraMgAsravebhyo viratAH saMyatAH / dhavalA 10 1, pR0 366, (1/1/123) / 4. pravacanasAra 3 / 40-44 5. darzana prAbhRta, 2-4 6. vahI, 22 7. cAritra prAbhRta 6-10 8. vahI, 5 jaina dharma evaM AcAra 47
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________________ zreSTha ghoSita kiyA gayA hai|' bhAvaliMga kI pradhAnatA 'bhAvaprAbhRta' meM yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki prathama yA pradhAna to bhAvaliMga hai, dravyaliMga ko yathArtha mata samajho; kyoMki guNa-doSoM kA kAraNabhUta bhAvaliMga hI hai| bAhya parigraha kA jo tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, vaha bhAva kI vizuddhi ke lie hI kiyA jAtA hai / jo Abhyantara parigraha (mithyAtva Adi) se saMyukta hotA hai, usakA vaha bAhya parigraha kA tyAga niSphala rahatA hai / yahAM kucha udAharaNa isake spaSTIkaraNa meM yahAM bhAvaprAbhRta meM kucha paurANika udAharaNa bhI diye gae haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM- 1. bhagavAna AdinAtha ke putra bAhubali dehAdiparigraha se nirmamatva hokara bhI mAnakaSAya se kaluSita rahane ke kAraNa kitane hI kAla taka AtApana yoga se sthita rahe, para kevala jJAna unheM prApta nahIM huA / 2. madhupiMga nAmaka muni deha aura AhAra Adi ke vyApAra se rahita hokara bhAvI bhogAkAMkSArUpa nidAna ke nimitta se zramaNapane ko prApta nahIM huA / 3. vaziSTha muni nidAna - doSa ke vaza duHkha ko prApta huA / caurAsI lAkha yoniyoM ke nivAsa sthAna meM aisA koI pradeza nahIM hai jahAM para bhAva se rahita zramaNa nahIM rahA hai| nirgrantha liMgI bhAva se hI hotA hai, dravyamAtra se -bhAva rahita kevala nagnaveza se - nirgranthaliMgI nahIM hotA hai| 4. bAhu nAmaka muni ne jisake kAraNa vaha sAtavIM pRthivI ke 5. samyagdarzana, jJAna aura cAritra se bhraSTa dravya-zramaNa dvIpAyana muni anantasaMsArI huA 1 6. isake viparIta, zivakumAra nAma kA bhAva- zramaNa ( bhAvI jambUsvAmI) yuvatijanoM se veSTita hotA huA bhI parItasaMsArIadhika-se-adhika ardha - pudgala parivartana pramANa parimita saMsAra vAlA huA / jina - liMga (nagnatA) se sahita hote hue bhI Abhyantara doSa ke vaza samasta daNDaka nagara ko jalA DAlA, raurava nAmaka nArakabila meM jA par3A / 7. bAraha aMga aura caudaha pUrva svarUpa samasta zruta ko par3hakara bhI bhavyasena muni bhAva zrAmaNya ko prApta nahIM huA / ma. isake viparIta bhAva se vizuddha zivabhUti nAmaka muni tupamAya kI ghoSaNA karatA huA medavijJAna se vibhUSita hokara - kevalajJAnI huA / zramaNa-dIkSA pravacanasAra ke cAritra-adhikAra meM mumukSu bhavya ko lakSya karake yaha upadeza kiyA gayA hai ki he bhavya ! yadi tU duHkha se mukta ho cAhatA hai to pAMcoM parameSThiyoM ko praNAma karake zramaNa dharma ko svIkAra kr| isake lie mAtA-pitA Adi gurujanoM ke sAtha strI-putrAdi se pUchakara unakI anumati prApta kara, tadanusAra unakI anumati prApta ho jAne para darzana jJAnAdi pAMca AcAroM ke paripAlaka va anya aneka guNoM se viziSTa AcArya kI zaraNa meM jAkara, savinaya vandanA karatA huA, unase jina - dIkSA dene kI prArthanA kr| isa prakAra unase anugRhIta hokara munidharma meM dIkSita hotA huA dRr3hatApUrvaka yaha nizcaya kara ki maiM na to dUsaroM kA koI hUM aura na dUsare mere koI haiM, yahAM merA anya kucha bhI nhiiN| isa prakAra indriyoM para vijaya prApta karake bAlaka ke samAna nirvikAra digambara rUpa-nirvastratA ko grahaNa kara le / jinaliMga dravya aura bhAva ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| unameM tatkAla utpanna hue bAlaka ke rUpa ko (nagnatA ) dhAraNa karake, jo kaiMcI yA ustare Adi kI sahAyatA ke binA, sira va dAr3hI ke bAloM kA luJcana kiyA jAtA hai, vaha anya bhI pratikriyA se rahita zuddha 'dravya liMga' hai / vaha hiMsA va asatya Adi pApoM se rahita hotA hai| isake sAtha mUrcchA (mamedaMbuddhi) se rahita aura upayoga (AtmapariNAma ) va mana-vacanakAyarUpa yogoM kI zuddhi se saMyukta jisa liMga meM kisI dUsare kI apekSA nahIM rahatI hai, vaha bhAvaliMga hai, jo apunarbhava kA kAraNa hai-- janmamaraNa - janya duHkha se mukti dilAne vAlA hai / 1. ratnakaraNDa, 1 / 31-33 2. bhAvaprAbhRta 44-53 ( kathAeM zrutasAgarIya TIkA meM draSTavya haiM) / 3. pravacanasAra, 3 / 5-6 ** AcArya zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana granya
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________________ mUlaguNa isa prasaMga meM Age vahAM una mUla guNoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai jinakA paripAlana sAdhu ko jinadIkSA svIkAra karake anivArya rUpa se karanA par3atA hai| ve mUlaguNa haiM pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samitiyAM, pAMcoM indriyoM kA nirodha, bAloM kA luJcana karanA, chaha Avazyaka, acelakatA (nirvastratA), snAna kA parityAga, bhUmi para sonA, dAMtoM kA na dhonA, khar3e rahakara bhojana grahaNa karanA aura vaha bhI eka bAra hI karanA / isa prakAra yahAM ina 28 mUlaguNoM kA nirdeza karate hue Age yaha spaSTa kara diyA gayA hai ki ye zramaNoM ke 28 mUlaguNa jinendra ke dvArA kahe gaye haiM / inake paripAlana meM jo zramaNa pramAdayukta (asAvadhAna) rahatA hai, vaha chedopasthApaka hotA hai|' chedopasthApaka hone kA spaSTIkaraNa Age cAritra bhedoM ke prasaMga meM kiyA jAne vAlA hai / yahAM ina mUlaguNoM kA spaSTIkaraNa saMkSepa meM 'mUlAcAra' ke AdhAra para kiyA jAtA hai 'mUlaguNa' ke spaSTIkaraNa meM mUlAcAra kI A0 vasunandI-viracita AcAravRtti meM kahA gayA hai ki 'mUla' zabda yadyapi aneka arthoM meM vartamAna hai, para yahAM use 'pradhAna' artha meM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| isI prakAra se 'guNa' zabda bhI aneka arthoM meM vartamAna hai, para use yahAM 'AcaraNa- vizeSa' artha meM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha huA ki sAdhu ke uttara guNoM ke AdhArabhUta pradhAna anuSThAna ko 'mUlaguNa' nAma se kahA jAtA hai| " pAMca mahAvrata 1 ahiMsA - pRthivIkApAdi chaha kAya, pAMca indriyAM, caudaha guNa-sthAna, caudaha mArgagAeM, jAtibhedabhUta kula Ayu aura jIvoM kI utpatti ke sthAnabhUtayoniyAM, ina sabako jAnakara sthAna, zayana, Asana, gamanAgamana evaM bhojana Adi ke samaya prANi-hiMsA se rahita honAisakA nAma 'ahiMsA mahAvrata' hai / " satya-- rAga-dveSa va matsaratA Adi ke vazIbhUta hokara asatya vacana na bolanA, anya prANiyoM ko pIr3A pahuMcAne vAlA satya bhASaNa bhI na karanA, tathA sUtra ( Agama) va usake artha ke vyAkhyAna meM ayathArtha nirUpaNa na karanA -- yaha satya mahAvrata kahalAtA hai / " adatta parivartana (artha) grAma, nagara aura mArga Adi sthAnoM meM par3I huI girI huI yA bhUlI huI kisI bhI thor3I-bahuta vastuoM ko nahIM grahaNa karanA, tathA jo kheta va gRha Adi dUsare ke adhikAra meM hoM, unako bhI nahIM grahaNa karanA -- ise 'adatta parivarjana' yA 'acaurya mahAvrata' kahA jAtA hai| ' - brahmacarya - vRddhA, bAlA aura yuvatI - ina tIna prakAra kI striyoM ko krama se mAtA, putrI aura bahina ke samAna samajhakara unase dUra rahanA, citralikhita striyoM ke rUpa ko dekhakara kalubhAvana karanA tathA strIkalatra Adi se nivRtta hogA, ise brahmacarya mahAvrata kahate haiN| asaMga (parigrahaparityAga ) jIba se sambaddha zarIra, midhyAtva kodhAdi va hAsyAdi tathA usase asambaddha kSetra va gRha-sampatti Adi, inakA parityAga karate hue, saMyama va zauca Adi ke upakaraNabhUta pIchI- kamaNDalu Adi kI ora se bhI nirmamatva rahanA / ise asaMga yA parigraha-parityAga mahAvrata kahA jAtA hai|" - 1 pAMca samitiyAM AgamAnusAra jo gamanAgamanAdirUpa pravRtti kI jAtI hai, use 'samiti' kahate haiN| yaha pAMca prakAra kI hai IrSyA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAnanikSepa aura pratiSThApanA / IryA samiti - sAdhu-prayojana ke vaza yuga-pramANa ( cAra hAtha ) bhUmi ko dekhakara prANiyoM ke saMrakSaNa meM sAvadhAna rahatA huA jo dina meM prAsuka mArga se gamana karatA hai, ise IrSyA samiti kahate haiN| prayojana se yahAM zAstrazravaNa, tIrthayAtrA, guruvandanA va bhikSA grahaNa Adi abhipreta hai, kyoMki sarvathA Arambha va parigraha se rahita sAdhu ke lie aise hI kucha dharmakAryoM ke atirikta anya koI prayojana nahIM rhtaa| 1. pravacanasAra, 3 / 8-9 va mUlAcAra 1/2-3 2. mUlAcAra vRtti, 1/1 3. vahI, 15 niyamasAra gAthA 56 bhI draSTavya hai / 57 4. vahI, 16 5 vahI, 1/7 6. vahI, 1/8 58 56 7. vahI, 1 / 6; niyamasAra gAthA 60 bhI draSTavya hai / jaina dharma evaM AcAra " 11 " 46
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________________ prAka kA artha hai jantuoM se rhit| jisa mArga para hAthI, ghor3A va gAya-bhaiMsa Adi kA AvAgamana cAlU ho cukA ho, vaha 'prAsuka' mAnA jAtA hai / isa prAsuka mArga se bhI dina meM paryApta prakAza ke ho jAne para hI gamana karanA cAhie / ' bhASA samiti - pizunatA, hAsya, kaThoratA, paranindA, AtmaprazaMsA aura nikRSTa strIkathAdi rUpa vacana ko chor3akara aisA nirdoSa vacana bolanA, jo apane lie va anya prANiyoM ke lie bhI hitakara ho / ' A0 amRtacandra sUri ne asatya vacana ke cAra bhedoM kA nirdeza karate hue unameM cauthe asatya ke ye tIna bheda nirdiSTa kiye haiM- garhita, sAvadya aura apriya / inameM pizunatA va hAsya se sahita, kaThora, nindya tathA aura bhI Agama-viruddha jo vacana ho use garhita asatya vacana kahA jAtA hai / pizunatA kA artha hai pIche ( parokSa meM ) vyakti ke sat-asat doSoM ko prakaTa karanA / chedana-bhedana va mAraNa Adi rUpa aise vacanoM ko, jinase jIva-vadha Adi pApa-kAryoM meM pravRtti sambhava ho, sAvadya anRta vacana kahate haiN| jo vacana aprIti, bhaya, kheda, vaira, zoka va kalaha ko utpanna karane vAlA hai aise santApajanaka vacana kA nAma apriya hai / aise asatya vacana jaba gRhastha ke lie bhI parityAjya haiM, taba bhalA sAdhu aise vacanoM kA prayoga kaise kara sakatA hai ? usake lie unakA parityAga anivArya hai / 3 eSaNA samiti - chayAlIsa doSoM se rahita, bubhukSA Adi kAraNoM se sahita, mana-vacana-kAya va kRta-kArita anumatarUpa nau koTiyoM se vizuddha tathA zIta-uSNa Adi rUpa hone para rAga-dveSa se varjita jo bhojana kA grahaNa kiyA jAnA hai, use eSaNA samiti kahA gayA hai| * AdAna- nikSepaNa samiti - jJAna ke upakaraNa bhUta pustaka Adi, saMyama ke upakaraNa svarUpa pIchI Adi aura zauca ke upakaraNa - bhUta kamaNDalu ko tathA anya saMstara Adi ko bhI prayatnapUrvaka grahaNa karanA va rakhanA, isakA nAma AdAna-nikSepaNa samiti hai / pratiSThApanA samiti -- jana-samudAya ke AvAgamana se vihIna ekAntarUpa, janturahita, dUsaroM kI dRSTi ke agocara, vistRta (bila Adi se rahita) aura jahAM kisI ko virodha na ho, aisI zuddha bhUmi meM mala-mUtra Adi kA tyAga karanA yaha pratiSThApanA samiti kahalAtI hai|" pAMca prakAra kA indriya-nirodha cakSu, zrota, prANa, jihvA aura sparzana-ina pAMcoM indriyoM ko apane-apane viSaya krama se varNa, zabda, gandha, rasa aura sparza kI ora svecchA se pravRtta na hone denA; yaha krama se pAMca prakAra kA indriya-nirodha hai / abhiprAya yaha hai ki iSTa va aniSTa -- pAMcoM indriyoM ke viSayoM meM rAga-dveSa se rahita hokara, unheM apane niyaMtraNa meM rakhanA, ye pAMca indriya-nirodha nAmaka pAMca mUlaguNa haiN| chaha Avazyaka jo rAga-dveSAdi ke vaza nahIM hotA usakA nAma 'avaza', aura usake anuSThAna kA nAma Avazyaka hai| ve Avazyaka chaha haiMsAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, bandanA, pratikramaNa, pratyAkhyAna aura kAyotsarga " sAmAyika sAmAyika kA samAnArthaka zabda 'samatA' hai jIvana-maraNa, lAbha-lAbha, saMyoga-viyoga, mitra-zatru aura sukha-duHkha Adi meM sama ( rAga-dveSa se rahita ) honA - isakA nAma samatA va sAmAyika hai / samyaktva, jJAna, saMyama aura tapa ke sAtha jo prazasta gamana ( pravRtti) hotA hai, use 'samaya' kahA jAtA hai, usI ko yathArtha 'sAmAyika' jAnanA caahie| jo upasarga va parISaha ko jIta cukA hai, bhAvanAoM va samitiyoM meM sadA upayoga yukta rahatA hai, tathA yama aura niyama ke paripAlana meM udyata rahatA hai, aisA jIva usa sAmAyika se pariNata hotA hai / " 1. mUjAcAravRti, 1/11, niyamasAra gAthA 63 bhI draSTavya hai / " 2. vahI, 1/12. 62 3. puruSArthasiddha yupAya, 61-66 22 4. mUlA0 1/15, 63 64 5. 1/16, chayAlIsa doSoM Adi kI vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie 'anekAnta' varSa 27, ki0 4 meM prakAzita 'piNDazuddhi ke antargata uddiSTa AhAra para vicAra' zIrSaka lekha draSTavya hai / mUlAcAra meM 'piNDa-zuddhi' nAma kA eka svatantra adhikAra (6) hI hai| 6. mUlA0, 1/17; niyamasAra gA0 65 bhI draSTavya hai| 7. vahI, 1/16 ( Age gAthA 16-23 vizeSa rUpa se draSTavya hai) / 50 11 " 8. vahI, 1/24 9. vahI, 1/25 10. mUlA0, 7 / 23-28 vizeSa jijJAsuoM ko isa mUlAcAra meM sAmAyika Avazyaka ke prakaraNa (7, 21-46) ko dekhanA cAhie / 33 AcArya ratna zrI dezabhUSaNajI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ caturvizatistava -RSabhAdi se mahAvIra-paryantahue caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA nAma-niruktipUrvaka-nAmoM kI sArthakatA ko prakaTa karate hue --jo guNAnuvAda kiyA jAtA hai tathA pUjA karate hue mana-vacana-kAya kI zuddhipUrvaka unheM praNAma kiyA jAtA hai, isakA nAma caturvizatistava hai|' isa catuvizatistava ko sAdhu kisa prakAra se kare, ise spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki donoM pAMvoM ke madhya meM cAra aMguloM kA antara karake sthita hotA huA, zarIra va bhUmi kA pratilekhana kre| isa prakAra zarIra va bhUmi ko zuddha karake, AkulatA se sarvathA rahita hotA huA hAthoM ko jor3a, nirmala praNAmapUrvaka caturviMzatistava ko karanA caahie| vandanA-arhanta pratimA, siddha pratimA tathA jo tapa meM, zruta meM evaM anya jJAnAdi guNoM meM zreSTha haiM unheM aura vidyAguru va dIkSAguru, ina sabako kAyotsarga va siddhabhakti-zrutabhakti Adi ke sAtha jo mana-vacana-kAya-kI zuddhipUrvaka praNAma kiyA jAtA hai, use vandanA kahate haiN|' mUlAcAra ke Avazyaka adhikAra meM isa vandanA 'Avazyaka' kI vistAra se prarUpaNA kI gaI hai| vahAM isa prasaMga meM kRtikarma, citikarma, pUjAkarma aura vinayakarma kise karanA cAhie, tathA kisakA, kisa prakAra se, kahAM aura kitane bAra karanA cAhie, usameM kitanI avanatiyAM va kitane sira jhukAkara praNAma kiye jAte haiM, kitane AvatoM se vaha zuddha hotA hai, tathA kitane doSoM se rahita hotA hai, isa sabakA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / saMkSepa meM itanA samajhA jA sakatA hai ki jo pAMca mahAvratoM se vibhUSita hai, dharmAnurAgI hai, Alasya se rahita hai, abhimAna se vihIna hai tathA dIkSA meM laghu hai, vaha karma-nirjarA kA icchuka hokara sadA 'kRti karma' ko karatA hai| usa nirjarA ke lie AcArya, upAdhyAya, pravartaka (saMghasaMcAlaka), sthavira aura gaNadhara Adi kA kRtikarma (vandanA) kiyA jAtA hai / vrata-vihIna mAtA, pitA, guru, rAjA, pAkhaNDI, zrAvaka va sUrya-candrAdi deva unakI, tathA pArzvastha, kuzIla, saMsakta, avasaMjJa yA abasanna aura mRgacaritra-ina pAMca pArzvastha muniyoM kI bhI vandanA nahIM karanI caahie| jo samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra, tapa aura vinaya - inameM nirantara upayukta rahate haiM, unakI vandanA karanI caahie| AcArya Adi ke sAtha hI, jo zIla-Adi guNoM ke dhArakoM kA guNAnuvAda karane vAle haiM, ve bhI vandanIya haiM / isake atirikta jo vyAkSipta dhyAna Adi se vyAkula, vidheya anuSThAna kI ora se vimukha, athavA pRSThabhAga se sthita haiM, aura jo pramAda se yukta haiM, aise saMyata kI bhI kabhI vandanA nahIM karanI caahie| AhAra va nIhAra (mala-mUtrAdi) karate samaya bhI koI vandanIya nahIM hotaa| isake viparIta jo zuddha bhUmi meM padmAsana se sthita hai, apanI ora mukha kiye hai tathA upazAnta (svastha-citta) hai usakI buddhimAn ko vidhipUrvaka vandanA karanI caahie| pratikramaNa ___ AhArAdi dravya, zayanAsanAdi kSetra, pUrvAhna-aparAhna Adi kAla aura mana kI pravRtti rUpa bhAva, va inake viSaya meM jo aparAdha kiyA gayA hai usake prati nindA va gIpUrvaka mana-vacana-kAya se pratikriyA abhivyakta karate hue use zuddha karanA, isakA nAma 'pratikramaNa' hai| svayaM jo doSoM ko abhivyakta kiyA jAtA hai, usakA nAma 'nindA' hai| AlocanApUrvaka AcArya-Adi ke samakSa kiye gaye doSoM ko prakaTa karanA, yaha 'gI' kA lakSaNa hai| nindA AtmaprakAza rUpa, aura gahare para-prakAza-rUpa hotI hai, yaha donoM meM bheda samajhanA caahie| yaha pratikramaNa dainika, rAtrika, airyApathika, pAkSika, cAturmAsika, sAMvatsarika aura uttamArtha ke bheda se sAta prakAra kA hai| uttama artha ke lie jo jIvana-paryanta cAra prakAra ke AhAra kA parityAga kiyA jAtA hai, use uttamArtha pratikramaNa samajhanA caahie| pratikramaNa karanevAlA kaisA honA cAhie, pratikramaNa kA svarUpa kyA hai, aura pratikramaNa ke yogya kyA hotA hai, isakA 'pratikramaNa' Avazyaka ke prasaMga meM vistAra se nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| pratyAkhyAna-tInoM kAloM ke Azrita nAma, sthApanA, dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva-ina chaha se sambaddha ayogya (jo sevana ke yogya nahIM ho) kA mana-vacana-kAya va kRta-kArita-anumata ina nau prakAroM se parityAga karanA-ise pratyAzyAna kahate haiN| 1. mUlAcAravRtti, 1/24 2. vahI, 776 3. vahI, 1/25 4. vahI, 775-114 5. bahI, 7/63-101 6. vahI, 1.26 7. vahIM, 7.116 8. vahI, 7/117-34 6. vahIM, 127 jaina dharma evaM AcAra
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________________ mUlAcAra-pratikramaNa aura pratyAkhyAna meM bheda dikhalAte hue vRtti meM yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki atIta kAla meM utpanna doSoM kA pratIkAra karanA, yaha pratikramaNa kA svarUpa hai, tathA Age bhaviSyat aura vartamAna meM utpanna hone vAle dravyAdiviSayaka doSoM kA parihAra karanA, ise pratyAkhyAna kahA jAtA hai| isake atirikta pratyAkhyAna meM tapa ke lie nirdoSa dravyAdi kA bhI parityAga kiyA jAtA hai, kintu pratikramaNa meM doSoM kA hI pratIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, yaha bhI una donoM meM vizeSatA hai|' pratyAkhyAna karanevAlA kina vizeSatAoM se yukta hotA hai aura pratyAkhyAna kA svarUpa kyA hai, tathA pratyAkhyAna ke yogya sacittaacitta Adi dravya kaisA hotA hai- isakA vistAra se vicAra mUlAcAra meM 'pratyAkhyAna' Avazyaka ke prakaraNa meM kiyA gayA hai|' kAyotsarga-----devasika aura rAtrika Adi niyamoM meM Agamavihita kAlapramANa se usa-usa kAla meM jina guNoM kA smaraNa karate hue jo kAyotsarga kiyA jAtA hai--zarIra se mamatva ko chor3A jAtA hai--ise kAyotsarga yA vyutsarga kahate haiN|' mUlAcAra ke SaDAvazyaka adhikAra meM isa kAyotsarga ke viSayoM para vistAra se vicAra kiyA gayA hai| yahAM saMkSepa meM usake viSaya meM prakAza DAlA jAtA hai kAyotsarga meM adhiSThita hote samaya donoM bAhuoM ko lambA karake ubhaya pAMvoM ke madhya meM cAra aMguloM kA antara rakhate hue samapAda svarUpa se sthita honA cAhie, tathA hAtha, pAMva, sira aura AMkhoM Adi zarIra ke sabhI avayavoM ko sthira rakhanA cAhie / vizuddha kAyotsarga kA yahI lakSaNa hai| jo mumukSu vizuddha AtmA nidrA para vijaya prApta kara cukA hai, sUtra (paramAgama) aura artha meM nipuNa hai, pariNAmoM se zuddha hai tathA bala-vIrya se sahita hai--aisA bhavya jIva kAyotsarga meM adhiSThita hotA hai| kAyotsarga meM adhiSThita hone vAlA Atma-hitaiSI yaha vicAra karatA hai ki kAyotsarga mokSamArga meM pravRtta karane vAlA, va ghAtiyAkarmajanita doSoM kA vinAzaka hai| isalie maiM usameM adhiSThita hone kI icchA karatA huuN| 'jinadeva' ne svayaM usakA ArAdhana kiyA hai va upadeza bhI diyA hai| kAyotsarga meM adhiSThita hotA huA vaha vicAra karatA hai ki eka pada ke Azrita hokara bhI maiMne rAga-dveSa ke vazIbhUta hokara jo doSa utpanna kiye haiM, cAra kaSAyoM ke vaza jo guptiyoM va vratoM kA ullaMghana kiyA hai, chaha kAya ke jIvoM kA virAdhana kiyA hai, sAta bhaya va ATha mada ke Azraya se jo samyaktva ko dUSita kiyA hai, tathA brahmacarya dharma ke viSaya meM jo pramAda kiyA hai, usa saba ke dvArA jo karma upAjita kiyA hai, usake vinAzArtha maiM kAyotsarga meM sthita hotA huuN| deva, manuSya aura tiryaMca-inake dvArA jo upasarga kiye gae haiM unako maiM kAyotsarga meM sthita hotA huA sahana karatA huuN| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki yadi kAyotsarga meM sthita rahate hue upasarga Ate haiM to unheM sahana kare, tathA upasargoM ke Ane para yathA-yogya kAyotsarga karanA caahie| __ kAyotsarga kA utkRSTa kAla eka varSa aura jaghanya bhinna (eka samaya kama) muhUrta hai| zeSa kAyotsarga zakti ke anusAra aneka sthAnoM meM hote haiM / Age devasika pratikramaNa Adi meM kucha kAla kA pramANa bhI nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai| yahAM Upara pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samitiyAM, pAMca indriyoM kA nirodha aura chaha Avazyaka-ina ikkIsa mUla guNoM ke viSaya meM saMkSepa se prakAza DAlA gayA hai / aba sAta anya Avazyaka jo zeSa raha jAte haiM, ve isa prakAra haiM - loca-sira aura dAr3hI Adi ke bAloM ko jo hAthoM se ukhAr3A jAtA hai vaha 'loca' karma kahalAtA hai| vaha utkRSTa, madhyama aura jaghanya ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| inameM do mAsoM ke pUrNa hone para jo loca kiyA jAtA hai use utkRSTa, tIna mAsoM ke pUrNa hone para yA usake bIca meM jo loca kiyA jAtA hai use madhyama, tathA cAra mAsoM ke pUrNa hone para yA unake apUrNa rahate bhI jo loca kiyA jAtA hai, use jaghanya mAnA gayA hai| usa loca ko pAkSika va cAturmAsika Adi pratikramaNa ke dina upavAsapUrvaka karanA caahie| yadyapi bAloM ko kaicI yA ustarA Adi kI sahAyatA se bhI haTAyA jA sakatA hai, para usameM parAvalambana hai| kAraNa ki unako dInatApUrvaka kisI anya se mAMganA par3egA, parigraha-rUpa hone se unheM pAsa meM rakhA bhI nahIM jA sakatA hai / bAhya va Abhyantara parigraha kA sarvathA tyAga karane vAle muni kA mArga pUrNatayA svAvalambana rUpa hai / bAloM ke bar3hane para unameM jUM Adi kSudra jantu utpanna hone vAle haiM jinake vighAta ko nahIM rokA jA sakatA hai| bAloM ke baDhAne meM rAga-bhAva bhI sambhava hai| isake atirikta loca karane meM Atmabala aura sahanazIlatA bhI prakaTa hotI hai| ina saba kAraNoM se usa loca ko muni ke mUla guNoM meM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| 1. mUlAcAravRtti, 1/27 2. vahI, 7/136-50 3." 1/28 4." 7/150-86 5. vahI, 7/153-64 6. vahI, 1-26 va usakI vRtti / :52 AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNajI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ AcArya vasunandI ne apanI vRtti meM 'sapratikramaNa divasa' kA artha vikalpa rUpa meM yaha bhI kiyA hai ki loca karake pratikramaNa karanA caahie| Acelakya-cela nAma vastra kA hai, vastra yaha camar3A va bakalA Adi anya sabakA upalakSaNa hai| isakA yaha abhiprAya huA ki sUtI, rezamI va UnI Adi kisI bhI prakAra ke vastra, camar3e aura vRkSa ke bakale va patte Adi anya kisI se bhI jananendriya ko AcchAdita na karake, bAlaka ke samAna nivikAra rahanA, yaha muni kA 'Acelakya' nAma kA mUlaguNa hai / bhUSaNa va vastra se rahita digambara veza loka meM pUjya hotA hai| isameM lajjA ko chor3ate hue kisI se na to vastra kI yAcanA karanI par3atI hai, aura na usake phaTa jAne para sIne ke lie suI-dhAge Adi kI cintA karanI par3atI hai| isa prakAra vaha pUrNatayA svAvalambana kA kAraNa hai, jisakI muni-dharma meM apekSA rahatI hai| asnAna-snAna kA parityAga karane se yadyapi samasta zarIra jalla, malla aura sveda se AcchAdita rahatA hai, para nirantara dhyAnaadhyayana Adi meM nirata rahane vAle sAdhu kA usa ora dhyAna na jAnA tathA usase ghRNA na karake use svaccha rakhane kA rAgabhAva na rahanA, yaha muni kA asnAna nAmaka mUla guNa hai| isake Azraya se indriya-saMyama aura prANa-saMyama donoM hI prakAra ke saMyama kA pAlana hotA hai / jalla sarvAMgINa mala ko kahA jAtA hai| zarIra ke eka deza meM hone vAle maila ko malla aura pasIne ko sveda kahate haiN| kSiti-zayana-jahAM para tRNa Adi rUpa kisI prakAra kA saMstara nahIM hai athavA jisameM saMyama kA vighAta na ho aise alpasaMstara se jo sahita hai tathA jo pracchanna hai--strI va pazu Adi ke AvAgamana se rahita hai, isa prakAra ke prAsuka (nirjantuka) bhUmi-pradeza meM daNDa (kASTha) yA dhanuSa ke samAna eka karavaTa se sonA-yaha 'kSitiziyana' nAma kA mUla guNa hai|' ukta prakAra ke jIva-jantuoM se rahita zuddha bhUmi meM karavaTa na badalakara eka hI karavaTa se sone para jahAM sparzana-indriya ke vaza nahIM honA hai, vahIM prANiyoM kA saMrakSaNa bhI hotA hai| isa prakAra donoM hI prakAra ke saMyama kA usameM paripAlana hotA hai| adantadhAvana--aMguli, nakha, dAtauna, tRNa, patthara va bakalA Adi se dAMtoM ke maila ko na nikAlanA, yaha adantagharSaNA nAma kA mUla guNa hai / isake paripAlana se saMyama ko rakSA hone ke sAtha zarIra kI ora se nirmamatva bhAva bhI hotA hai| sthitibhojana-bhIta va khambhe Adi ke Azraya ko chor3a donoM pAMvoM ko samAna karake, aMjalipuTa se donoM hAthoM kI aMguliyoM ko paraspara-sambaddha karake sthita (khar3A) rahatA huA jo tIna prakAra se vizuddha sthAna (apane pAMvoM kA sthAna, ucchiSTa ke girane kA sthAna aura parosane vAle kA sthAna) meM bhojana grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, use sthiti-bhojana kahA jAtA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki sAdhu kisI bhIta Adi kA sahArA na lekara donoM hAthoM kI aMjila ko hI pAtra banAkara usase isa prakAra AhAra grahaNa karatA hai ki ucchiSTa AhAra nAbhi ke nIce na jA ske| bhojana karate samaya donoM pAMva cAra aMgula ke antara se sama rahane cAhie, anyathA antarAya hotA hai| anya mUla-guNoM ke samAna indriya-saMyama va prANa-saMyama donoM kA paripAlana hotA hai| ___ ekabhakta--sUrya ke udaya aura astagamana kAla meM tIna muhUrtoM ko chor3akara, arthAt sUryodaya se tIna muhUrta bAda aura sUryAsta hone se tIna muhUrta pahale, madhya ke kAla meM eka, do athavA tIna muhUrtoM meM jo eka bAra yA eka sthAna meM bhojana grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, usakA nAma kramazaH ekabhakta aura ekasthAna hai| inameM ekabhakta yaha mUlaguNoM ke antargata hai, jabaki 'ekasthAna' uttaraguNoM ke antargata hai, isa eka-bhakta mUlaguNa ke paripAlana se indriya-jaya ke sAtha icchA ke nirodhasvarUpa tapa bhI hotA hai| ina 28 mUlaguNoM ke atirikta anya bhI kucha dainika anuSThAna haiM, jisakA sAdhu ko pAlana karanA caahie| usakA audhika aura padavibhAgika samAcAra ke rUpa meM vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| cAritra ke bheda cAritra athavA saMyama ke ye pAMca bheda nirdiSTa kiye gaye haiM--sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA, parihAra-vizuddhi, sUkSmasAmparAya aura ythaakhyaat| 1. mUlA0 1/30 2. " 1/31 3. " 1/32 4. mUlAcAra 1/33 5. " 1/34 7. isake lie mahAvIra jayantI-smArikA' jayapura 1982 meM prakAzita 'zrAmaNya : sAdhusamAcAra' zIrSaka lekha draSTavya hai| 8. dha0 SaTkhaNDAgama sU0 1/1/123 aura tattvArthasUna 6/18 jaina dharma evaM AcAra
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________________ 1. sAmAyika--'maiM sarva sAvadyayoga se virata haM' isa bhAva ke sAtha jo samasta sAvadha yoga kA parityAga kiyA jAtA hai, use sAmAyika saMyama kahate haiM / yaha dravyArthika naya kI vivakSA se kahA gayA hai / isa naya kI apekSA anya saba saMyamabheda isa eka hI sAmAyika saMyama ke antargata haiN| kAraNa yaha ki isa sAmAyika saMyama meM hiMsA-asatyAdi kI vivakSA na karake sabhI prakAra ke sAvadya (sapApa) yoga kA parityAga kiyA jAtA hai|' ajita Adi yA pArzvanAtha-paryanta 22 tIrthakara eka sAmAyika saMyama kA hI upadeza karate haiM / para bhagavAn RSabha aura mahAvIra ---- ye do tIrthaMkara chedopasthApana kA upadeza karate haiN| pAMca mahAvratoM kA jo vibhAga kiyA gayA hai vaha dUsaroM ko samajhAne, pRthak-pRthak paripAlana aura sukhapUrvaka vizeSa jJAna karAne ke lie kiyA gayA hai| bhagavAn Adi jinendra ke tIrtha meM ziSya sarala svabhAva vAle rahe haiM, ina vratoM kA ve kaSTapUrvaka zodhana karate the, tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra jinake tIrtha meM ziSya vakrasvabhAva vAle rahe haiM, isase ve unakA pAlana kaSTapUrvaka karate the / pUrvakAla ke va antima jina ke kAla ke ziSya kalpya-akalpya (sevyAsevya) ko nahIM jAnate the| isI kAraNa se Adi jinendra aura mahAvIra jinendra ne pRthak-pRthak bodha karAne ke lie vibhAga karate hue pAMca mahAvratoM Adi ke rUpa meM upadeza diyA hai| 2. chedopasthApanA vibhinna deza-kAloM meM trasa-sthAvara jIvoM ke svarUpa meM bheda rahane se unheM ThIka na samajha sakane ke kAraNa jo pramAdavaza anartha huA hai va niravadya anuSThAna kA pAlana nahIM kiyA jA sakA hai, usase upAjita karma kA jo bhalI-bhAMti pratIkAra kiyA jAtA hai usakA nAma chedopasthApanA hai / athavA hiMsA-asatyAdi ke bhedapUrvaka usa sAvadha yoga se nivRtta honA, ise chedopasthApanA samajhanA caahie|' dhavalA meM bhI lagabhaga isI abhiprAya ko prakaTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki usI eka sAmAyika vrata ko jo pAMca athavA bahuta bhedoM meM vibhakta kara dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai vaha chedopasthApanA saMyama kahalAtA hai / yaha paryAyAthika naya kI pradhAnatA se kahA gayA hai| ye donoM saMyama pramattasaMyata guNa-sthAna se lekara anivRtti karaNa saMyata taka cAra guNa-sthAnoM meM hote haiN|' 3. parihAravizuddhi saMyamaprANihiMsA Adi ke parihAra se jisa saMyama meM zuddhi hotI hai use 'parihAravizuddhi saMyama' kahA jAtA hai| yaha saMyama jisane tIsa varSa kA hokara varSa pRthaktva kAla taka tIrthaMkara ke pAdamUla kA ArAdhana kiyA hai, jo pratyAkhyAna-pUrva meM pAraMgata haA hai, tathA jo jIvoM kI utpatti Adi se paricita aura pramAda se rahita hotA hai, aise mahAbalazAlI atizaya duSkara caryA kA anuSThAna karane vAle ke hotA hai, anya ke vaha saMbhava nahIM hai / vaha tInoM sandhyAkAloM ko chor3akara do gavyUti gamana kiyA karatA hai| dhavalA meM ise kucha vizeSa spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki jisane tIsa varSa taka icchAnusAra bhogoM kA anubhava kara, sAmAnya va vizeSa rUpa se saMyama ko grahaNa karate hue, vividha prakAra ke pratyAkhyAna ke pratipAdaka pratyAkhyAna-pUrva kA bhalI-bhAMti adhyayana kiyA hai, evaM jo usameM pAraMgata hone se saba prakAra ke saMzaya se rahita ho cukA hai, vaha vizeSa tapa ke prabhAva se parihAra-Rddhi se sampanna hotA huA tIrthaMkara ke pAdamUla meM parihAra-zuddhi saMyama ko svIkAra karatA hai| isa prakAra, usa saMyama ko grahaNa karake vaha baiThane, uThane va gamana karane va bhojanapAnAdi rUpa vyApAra meM prANi-parihAra ke viSaya meM samartha hotA hai, isIlie use parihAra-zuddhi saMyata kahA jAtA hai| yaha pramattasaMyata aura aura apramattasaMyata--ina do guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai| 4. sUkSmasAmparAya-sAmparAya nAma kaSAya kA hai| atizaya sUkSma kaSAya ka zeSa raha jAne para jo vizuddhi hotI hai, use sUkSma sAmparAya saMyama kahate haiN| yaha eka hI sUkSma sAmparAyika guNasthAna meM hotA hai| 5. yathAkhyAta-moha ke pUrNa rUpa se upazAnta athavA kSINa ho jAne para, jo Atma-svabhAvarUpa avasthA prAdurbhUta hotI hai, usakA nAma athAkhyAta yA yathAkhyAta cAritra hai| moha ke kSaya athavA upazama ke pahale, pUrNa cAritra ke anuSThAtAoM ne usakA nirUpaNa to kiyA hai, kintu use prApta nahIM kiyA hai, isIlie use 'athAkhyAta' isa nAma se kahA jAtA hai| athavA 'yathA' yAnI 'jaisA' (AtmA kA svabhAva) avasthita hai, usakA usI prakAra se nirUpaNa karane ke kAraNa, use 'yathAkhyAta' isa nAma se bhI kahA jAtA hai|" yaha upazAntakaSAya, kSINa 1. dhavalA pu0 1, pR0 366 2. mUlAcAra, 7/36-38 3. tattvArthavArtika 6, 18, 6-7 4. dhavalA pu0 1, pR0 370 va 374 (sUtra 125) 5. tattvArthavArtika 6, 18, 8 6. dhavalA, pu. 1, pR0 370/71 / 7. SaTkhaNDAgama, sU01/1/126 (pu01) 8. tattvArthavArtika, 6/186, tathA dhavalA pu0 1, pR0 371 6. SaTkhaNDAgama, sUtra-1/1/127 (pu0 1) 10. tattvArthavArtika, 6/18/11 12, tathA dhavalA-pu0 1, pR. 371 / AcAryaratna zrI dezabhUSaNa jI mahArAja abhinandana grantha
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________________ kahalAte haiM jaTa kiyA gayA 25) bhAta kaSAya, sayogikevalI aura ayogikevalI-ina cAra guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai|' mUlAcAra meM pAMca mahAvratoM ke svarUpa kA pRthak-pRthak nirUpaNa karake 'mahAvrata' nAma kI sArthakatA ko prakaTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki ye pAMca mahAvrata cUMki mahAn artha-jo mokSa hai-use siddha karate haiM, mahAn puruSoM ke dvArA unakA AcaraNa kiyA gayA hai, tathA svayaM bhI sarvasAvadha ke parityAgarUpa hone se mahAn haiM, isalie ve mahAvrata kahalAte haiN| Age vahAM rAtri-bhojana ke parityAga ko mahattvapUrNa batAte hue yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki unhIM mahAvratoM ke saMrakSaNa ke lie rAtri meM bhojana ke parityAga, ATha pravacana-mAtAoM aura saba-pAMcoM vratoM kI pRthak-pRthak pAMca-pAMca (kula 25) bhAvanAoM kA upadeza diyA gayA hai|' ATha va teraha.bheda isI prasaMga meM vahAM yaha bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki pAMca samitiyoM aura tIna guptiyoM ke paripAlana meM sAdhu ko pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA ke sAtha sadA sAvadhAna rahanA caahie| isa prakAra yaha-pAMca samitiyoM aura tIna guptiyoM rUpa-cAritrAcAra ATha prakAra kA jAnanA caahie| isameM pUrvokta pAMca mahAvratoM ko sammilita karane para sAdhu yaha kA AcAra teraha prakAra kA ho jAtA hai| 3. guptiyAM pAMca samitiyoM kA svarUpa pIche mUlaguNoM ke prasaMga meM kahA jA cukA hai| yahAM guptiyoM ke svarUpa ko spaSTa kiyA jAtA hai sAdhu sAvadha kArya se saMyukta mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRtti ko jo rokatA hai, yaha guptisAmAnya kA lakSaNa hai| mana ko rAgadveSAdi se haTAnA, ise mana-gupti aura asatya-bhASaNa Adi se vacana ke vyApAra ko rokanA athavA mauna rakhanA aura hiMsAdi meM pravRtta na honA, yaha kAyagupti kA lakSaNa hai| ina guptiyoM se samyagdarzana, jJAna aura cAritra kA saMrakSaNa hotA hai, athavA ve mithyAtva, asaMyama va kaSAyoM se AtmA kA saMrakSaNa karatI haiM, isIlie 'gupti' yaha nAma sArthaka samajhanA caahie| jisa prakAra kheta (phasala) kI rakSA-vRtti kheta ke saba ora nirmita bAr3ha yA bArI karatI hai, tathA nagara kI rakSA khAI va koTa kiyA karate haiM, usI prakAra ye guptiyAM sAdhu kA pApa se saMrakSaNa kiyA karatI haiN| isIlie kRta, kArita aura anumata ke sAtha mana, vacana va kAya yogoM kI duSpravRtti kI ora se sadA sAvadhAna rahate hue dhyAna va svAdhyAya meM pravRtta rahane kI sAdhu ko preraNA dI gaI hai| jisa prakAra mAtA putra ke pAlana meM nirantara prayatnazIla rahatI hai, usI prakAra pAMca samitiyAM aura tIna guptiyAM-- ye AThoM, muni ke jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kI sadA rakSA kiyA karatI haiM, isIlie ina AThoM kA 'pravacana-mAtA' ke rUpa meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai| karmAzrita tIna bheda cAritra mUla meM do prakAra kA hai-dezacAritra aura sklcaaritr| (inameM se isa lekha meM deza yA vikala cAritra kI vivakSA nahIM rahI hai) / sakala cAritra tIna prakAra kA hai--kSAyopazamika, aupazamika aura kSAyika / ' kSAyopazamika-cAra saMjvalana aura nau nokaSAyoM ke dezaghAtI spardhakoM ke udaya ke rahate hue jo cAritra hotA hai, usakA nAma kSAyopazamika cAritra hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki sarvadhAtI spardhaka anantaguNe hIna hote hue dezaghAtI spardhaka svarUpa meM pariNata hokara jo udaya meM Ate haiM unakI isa anantaguNI hInatA kA nAma kSaya hai tathA dezaghAtI spardhaka svarUpa se avasthita rahane kA nAma 'upazama' hai| isa prakAra ke kSaya aura upazama ke sAtha rahane vAle udaya kA nAma kSayopazama hai| isa kSayopazama se hone vAle cAritra ko kSAyopazamika kahA jAtA hai| tadanusAra pUrvokta pAMca bhedoM meM sAmAyika, chedopasthApanA aura parihAravizuddhi-ina tIna ko kSAyopazamika jAnanA caahie| aupazamika va kSAyika-cAritra mohanIya-ke upazama va kSaya se jo cAritra hotA hai use krama se aupazamika va kSAyika kahA jAtA hai| pUrvokta pAMca bhedoM meM sUkSmasAmparAya cAritra sUkSmasAmparAyika upazAmakoM ke aupazamika aura sUkSmasAmparAyika kSapakoM ke kSAyika hotA hai / upazAnta kaSAya saMyata ke aupazamika (yathAkhyAta cAritra) aura kSINa-kaSAya saMyata ke kSAyika (yathAkhyAta cAritra) hotA hai| 1. SaTkhaNDAgama-sUtra-1/1/128 (pu01) 2. mUlAcAra 5/67 3, malAcAra, gAthA 5/68, bhAvanAoM ke lie dekhie-mUlAcAra 5/40.46 va tasvArthasUna 7/3-12 4. mUlAcAra 5/100 5. mUlAcAra, 5, 134-36 6. tattvAryasUtra 7/2, ratnakaraNDa0 50, dhavalA pu0 6, pR0 268 7. dhavalA pu06,0281 8. vahI, pu07, pR062 1. bahI, 7, pR. 64-65 jaina dharma evaM AcAra