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________________ jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya saMskRti kA srota____saMskRti kA srota nadI ke aise pravAha ke samAna hai jo apane prabhavasthAna se anta taka aneka dUsare choTe-moTe jala srotoM se mizrita, parivardhita aura parivartita hokara aneka dUsare mizraNoM se bhI yukta hotA rahatA hai aura udgama sthAna meM pAe jAnevAle rUpa, sparza, gandha tathA svAda Adi meM kucha-na-kucha parivartana bhI prApta karatA rahatA hai / jaina kahalAne vAlI saMskRti bhI usa saMskRti-sAmAnya ke niyama kA apavAda nahIM hai / jisa saMskRti ko Aja hama jaina-saMskRti ke nAma se pahacAnate haiM usake sarvaprathama, AvirbhAvaka kauna the aura unase vaha pahile-pahala kisa svarUpa meM udgata huI isakA pUrA-pUrA sahI varNana karanA itihAsa kI sImA ke bAhara hai / phira bhI usa purAtana pravAha kA jo aura jaisA srota hamAre sAmane hai tathA vaha jina AdhAroM ke paTa para bahatA calA AyA hai, usa srota tathA una sAdhanoM ke Upara vicAra karate hue hama jaina saMskRti kA hRdaya thor3A-bahuta pahicAna pAte haiN| jaina-saMskRti ke do rUpa jaina-saMskRti ke bhI, dUsarI saMskRtiyoM kI taraha, do rUpa haiN| eka bAhya aura dUsarA zrAntara / bAhya rUpa vaha hai jise usa saMskRti ke alAvA dUsare loga bhI zrAMkha, kAna Adi brAhya indriyoM se jAna sakate haiM / para saMskRti kA prAntara svarUpa aisA nahIM hotA / kyoMki kisI bhI saMskRti ke prAntara svarUpa kA sAkSAt Akalana to sirpha usI ko hotA hai jo use apane jIvana meM tanmaya kara le / dUsare loga use jAnanA cAheM to sAkSAt darzana kara nahIM skte| para usa Antara saMskRtimaya jIvana bitAnevAle puruSa yA puruSoM ke jIvana-vyavahAroM se tathA AsapAsa ke vAtAvaraNa para par3anevAle unake asaroM se ve kisI bhI prAntara saMskRti kA andAjA lagA sakate haiN| yahAM mujhe mukhyatayA jaina-saMskRti ke usa Antara rUpa kA yA hRdaya kA hI paricaya denA hai, jo bahudhA abhyAsajanita kalpanA tathA amumAna para hI nirbhara hai|
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________________ 133 jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya jaina-saMskRti kA bAhya svarUpa jaina saMskRti ke bAharI svarUpa meM, anya saMskRtiyoM ke bAharI svarUpa kI taraha aneka vastuoM kA samAveza hotA hai| zAstra, usako bhASA, mandira, usakA sthApatya, mUrti-vidhAna, upAsanA ke prakAra, usameM kAma AnevAle upakaraNa tathA dravya, samAja ke khAnapAna ke niyama, utsava, tyauhAra Adi aneka viSayoM kA jaina samAja ke sAtha eka nirAlA saMbandha hai aura pratyeka viSaya apanA khAsa itihAsa bhI rakhatA hai| ye sabhI bAteM bAhyasaMskRti kI aMga haiM para yaha koI niyama nahIM hai ki jahA~-jahA~ aura jaba ye tathA aise dUsare aMga maujUda hoM vahA~ aura taba usakA hRdaya bhI avazya honA hI cAhie / bAhya agoM ke hote hue bhI kabhI hRdaya nahIM rahatA aura bAhya aMgoM ke abhAva meM bhI saMskRti kA hRdaya saMbhava hai| isa dRSTi ko sAmane rakhakara vicAra karanevAlA koI bhI vyakti bhalIbhAMti samajha sakegA ki jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya, jisakA varNana maiM yahA~ karane jA rahA hUM vaha kevala jaina samAjajAta aura jaina kahalAne vAle vyaktiyoM meM hI saMbhava hai aisI * koI bAta nahIM hai| sAmAnya loga jinheM jaina samajhate haiM, yA jo apane ko jaina kahate haiM, unameM agara aAntarika yogyatA na ho to vaha hRdaya saMbhava nahIM aura jaina nahIM kahalAne vAle vyaktiyoM meM bhI agara vAstavika yogyatA ho to vaha hRdaya saMbhava hai| isa taraha jaba saMskRti kA bAhya rUpa samAja taka hI sImita hone ke kAraNa anya samAja meM sulabha nahIM hotA taba saMskRti kA hRdaya usa samAja ke anuyAyiyoM kI taraha itara samAja ke anuyAyiyoM meM bhI saMbhava hotA hai / saca to yaha hai ki saMskRti kA hRdaya yA usakI AtmA itanI vyApaka aura svatantra hotI hai ki use deza, kAla, jAta-pAta, bhASA aura rIti-rasma aAdi na to sImita kara sakate haiM aura na apane sAtha bAMdha sakate haiN| jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya-nivartaka dharma aba prazna yaha hai ki jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya kyA cIja hai ? isakA saMkSisa javAba to yahI hai ki nivartaka dharma jaina saMskRti kI AtmA hai| jo dharma nivRtti karAne vAlA arthAt punarjanma ke cakra kA nAza karAne vAlA ho yA usa nivRtti ke sAdhana rUpa se jisa dharma kA AvirbhAva, vikAsa aura pracAra huaA ho vaha nivataka dharma kahalAtA hai| isakA asalI artha samajhane ke lie hameM prAcIna kintu samakAlIna itara dharmasvarUpoM ke bAre meM thor3A sA vicAra karanA hogaa|
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________________ 134 jaina dharma aura darzana .. dharmoM kA vargIkaraNa isa samaya jitane bhI dharma duniyAM meM jIvita haiM yA jinakA thor3A-bahuta itihAsa milatA hai, una saba ke Antarika svarUpa kA agara vargIkaraNa kiyA jAya to vaha mukhyatayA tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita hotA hai / 1---pahalA vaha hai, jo maujUdA janma kA hI vicAra karatA hai| 2- dUsarA vaha hai jo maujUdA janma ke alAvA janmAntara kA bhI vicAra karatA hai| 3- tIsara vaha hai jo janma-janmAntara ke uparAnta usake nAza kA yA uccheda kA bhI vicAra karatA hai| anAtmavAda Aja kI taraha bahuta purAne samaya meM bhI aise vicAraka loga the jo vartamAna jIvana meM prApta honevAle sukha se usa pAra kisI anya sukha kI kalpanA se na to prerita hote the aura na usake sAdhanoM kI khoja meM samaya bitAnA ThIka samajhate the| unakA dhyeya vartamAna jIvana kA sukha-bhoga hI thA / aura ve isI dhyeya kI pUrti ke lie saba sAdhana juTAte the| ve samajhate the ki hama jo kucha haiM vaha isI janma taka haiM aura mRtyu ke bAda hama phira janma le nahIM sakate / bahuta huA to hamAre punarjanma kA artha hamArI santati kA cAlU rahanA hai / ataeva hama jo acchA kareMge usakA phala isa janma ke bAda bhogane ke vAste hameM utpanna honA nahIM hai| hamAre kiye kA phala hamArI santAna yA hamArA samAja bhoga sakatA hai| ise punarjanma kahanA ho to hameM koI Apatti nhiiN| aisA vicAra karanevAle varga ko hamAre prAcInatama zAstroM meM bhI anAtmavAdI yA nAstika kahA gayA hai / vahI varga kabhI Age jAkara cArvAka kahalAne lgaa| isa varga kI dRSTi meM sAdhya-puruSArtha eka mAtra kAma arthAt sukha-bhoga hI hai| usake sAdhana rUpa se vaha varga dharma kI kalpanA nahIM karatA yA dharma nAma se taraha-taraha ke vidhi-vidhAnoM para vicAra nahIM karatA / ataeva isa varga ko eka mAtra kAma-puruSArthI yA bahuta huA to kAma aura artha ubhayapuruSArthI kaha sakate haiN| pravartaka-dharma dUsarA vicAraka varga zArIrika jIvanagata sukha ko sAdhya to mAnatA hai para vaha mAnatA hai ki jaisA maujUdA janma meM sukha sambhava hai vaise hI prANI mara kara phira punarjanma grahaNa karatA hai aura isa taraha janmajanmAntara meM zArIrika-mAnasika sukhoM
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________________ 15 jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya ke prakarSa-apakarSa kI zRMkhalA cala rahI hai / jaise isa janma meM vaise hI janmAntara meM bhI hameM sukhI honA ho, yA adhika sukha pAnA ho, to isake vAste hameM dharmAnuSThAna bhI karanA hogA / arthopArjana Adi sAdhana vartamAna janma meM upakAraka bhale hI hoM para janmAntara ke ucca aura uccatara sukha ke lie hameM dharmAnuSThAna avazya karanA hogaa| aisI vicAra-saraNI vAle loga taraha-taraha ke dharmAnuSThAna karate the aura usake dvArA paraloka tathA lokAntara ke ucca sukha pAne kI zraddhA bhI rakhate the| yaha varga zrAtmavAdI aura punarjanmavAdI to hai hI para usakI kalpanA janma-janmAntara meM adhikAdhika sukha pAne kI tathA prApta sukha ko adhika-se-adhika samaya taka sthira rakhane kI hone se usake dharmAnuSThAnoM ko pravartaka-dharma kahA gayA hai| pravartaka dharma kA saMkSepa meM sAra yaha hai ki jo aura jaisI samAja vyavasthA ho use isa taraha niyama aura kartavya-baddha banAnA ki jisase samAja kA pratyeka sabhya apanI-apanI sthiti aura kakSA meM sukha lAbha kare aura sAtha hI aise janmAntara kI taiyArI kare ki jisase dUsare janma meM bhI vaha vartamAna janma kI apekSA adhika aura sthAyI susta pA sake | pravartaka-dharma kA uddezya samAja vyavasthA ke sAtha-sAtha janmAntara kA sudhAra karanA hai, na ki janmAntara kA uccheda / pravartaka-dharma ke anusAra kAma, artha aura dharma, tIna puruSArtha haiM / usameM mokSa nAmaka cauthe puruSArtha kI koI kalpanA nahIM hai| prAcIna IrAnI Arya jo avastA ko dharmagrantha mAnate the aura prAcIna vaidika Arya jo mantra aura brAjhaNarUpa veda bhAga ko hI mAnate the, ve saba ukta pravartaka-dharma ke anuyAyI haiN| Age jAkara vaidika darzanoM meM jo mImAMsA-darzana nAma se karmakANDI darzana prasiddha huA vaha pravartaka-dhama kA jIvita rUpa hai| nivartaka dharma nivartaka-dharma Upara sUcita pravartaka-dharma kA bilakula virodhI hai ! jo vicAraka isa loka ke uparAnta lokAntara aura janmAntara mAnane ke sAtha-sAtha usa janmacakra ko dhAraNa karanevAlI AtmA ko pravartaka-dharma-vAdiyoM kI taraha to mAnate hI the; para sAtha hI ve janmAntara meM prApya ucca, uccatara aura cirasthAyI sukha se santuSTa na the| unakI daSTi yaha thI ki isa janma yA janmAntara meM kitanA hI U~cA sukha kyoM na mile, vaha kitane hI dIrgha kAla taka kyoM na sthira rahe para agara vaha sukha kabhI na kabhI nAza pAnevAlA hai to phira vaha ucca aura cirasthAyI sukha bhI aMta meM nikRSTa sukha kI koTi kA hone se upAdeya ho nahIM sktaa| ve loga aise kisI sukha kI khoja meM the jo eka bAra prApta hone ke bAda kabhI naSTa na ho / isa khoja kI
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________________ 136 jaina dharma aura darzana sUjha ne unheM mokSa puruSArtha mAnane ke lie bAdhita kiyaa| ve mAnane lage ki eka aisI bhI AtmA kI sthiti saMbhava hai jise pAne ke bAda phira kabhI janma-janmAntara yA deha dhAraNa karanA nahIM par3atA / ve zrAtmA kI usa sthiti ko mokSa yA janmanivRtti kahate the / pravartaka dharmAnuyAyI jina ucca aura uccatara dhArmika anuSThAnoM se isa loka tathA paraloka ke utkRSTa sukhoM ke lie prayatna karate the una dhArmika anuSThAnoM ko nivartaka dharmAnuyAyI apane sAdhya mokSa yA nivRtti ke lie na kevala paryAta hI samajhate balki ve unheM mokSa pAne meM bAdhaka samajhakara una saba dhArmika anuSThAnoM ko Atyantika heya batalAte the / uddezya aura dRSTi meM pUrva - pazcima jitanA antara hone se pravartaka dharmAnuyAyiyoM ke lie jo upAdeya vahI nivartaka - dharmAnuyAyiyoM ke lie heya bana gayA / yadyapi mokSa ke lie pravartaka dharma bAdhaka mAnA gayA para sAtha hI mokSavAdiyoM ko apane sAdhya mokSa- puruSArtha ke upAya rUpa se kisI sunizcita mArga kI khoja karanA bhI anivArya rUpa se prApta thA / isa khoja kI sUjha ne unheM eka aisA mArga, eka aisA upAya sujhAyA jo kisI bAharI sAdhana para nirbhara na thA / vaha eka mAtra sAdhaka kI apanI vicArazuddhi aura vartana zuddhi para avalaMbita thA / yahIM vicAra aura vartana kI zrAtyantika zuddhi kA mArga nivartaka dharma ke nAma se yA mokSa mArga ke nAma se prasiddha hunA / hama bhAratIya saMskRti ke vicitra aura vividhi tAne-bAne kI jAMca karate haiM taba hameM spaSTa rUpa se dikhAI detA hai ki bhAratIya AtmavAdI darzanoM meM karmakANDI mImAMsaka ke alAvA sabhI nivartaka dharmavAdI haiM / avaidika mAne jAnevAle bauddha aura jaina darzana kI saMskRti to mUla meM nivartaka dharma svarUpa hai hI para vaidika samajhe jAnevAle nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya-yoga tathA aupaniSada darzana kI AtmA bhI nivartaka dharma para hI pratiSThita hai / vaidika ho yA avaidika ye sabhI nivartaka-dharma pravartaka-dharma ko yA yajJayAgAdi anuSThAnoM ko anta meM heya hI batalAte haiM / aura ve sabhI samyak jJAna yA zrAtma-jJAna ko tathA Atma-jJAnamUlaka anAsakta jIvana vyavahAra ko upAdeya mAnate haiM / evaM usI ke dvArA punarjanma ke cakra se chuTTI pAnA saMbhava batalAte haiM / samAjagAmI pravartaka-dharma Upara sUcita kiyA jA cukA hai ki pravartaka-dharma samAjagAmI thA / isakA matalaba yaha thA ki pratyeka vyakti samAja meM rahakara hI sAmAjika kartavya jo aihika jIvana se saMbandha rakhate haiM aura dhArmika kartavya jo pAralaukika jIvana se saMbandha rakhate haiM, unakA pAlana kare / pratyeka vyakti janma se hI RSiR
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________________ jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya 137 arthAt vidyAdhyayana Adi, pitR RNa arthAt saMtati-jananAdi aura devaRNa arthAt yazayAgAdi bandhanoM se Abaddha hai / vyakti ko sAmAjika aura dhArmika kartavyoM kA pAlana karake apanI kRpaNa icchA kA saMzodhana karanA iSTa hai / para usakA nirmUla nAza karanA na zakya aura na iSTa / pravartaka dharma ke anusAra pratyeka vyakti ke lie gRsthAzrama jarUrI hai use lAMgha kara koI vikAsa kara nahIM sktaa| vyaktigAmI nivartaka-dharma nivartaka-dharma vyaktigAmI hai| vaha zrAtmasAkSAtkAra kI utkRSTa vRtti meM se utpanna hone ke kAraNa jijJAsu ko zrAtma tattva hai yA nahIM, hai to vaha kaisA hai, usakA anya ke sAtha kaisA saMbaMdha hai, usakA sAkSAtkAra saMbhava hai to kina-kina upAyoM se saMbhava hai, ityAdi praznoM kI ora prerita karatA hai / ye prazna aise nahIM haiM ki jo ekAnta-cintana, dhyAna, tapa aura asaMgatApUrNa jIvana ke sivAya sulajha skeN| aisA saccA jIvana khAsa vyaktiyoM ke lie hI saMbhava ho sakatA hai / usakA samAjagAmI honA saMbhava nhiiN| isa kAraNa pravartaka-dharma kI apekSA nivartaka-dharma kA kSetra zurU meM bahuta parimita rahA / nivartaka-dharma ke lie gRhasthAzrama kA baMdhana thA hI nhiiN| vaha gRhasthAzrama vinA kiye bhI vyakti ko sarvatyAga kI anumati detA hai / kyoMki usakA AdhAra icchA kA saMzodhana nahIM para usakA nirodha hai / ataeva pravartaka-dharma samasta sAmAjika aura dhArmika kartavyoM se baddha hone kI bAta nahIM mAnatA / usake anusAra vyakti ke lie mukhya kartavya eka hI hai aura vaha yaha ki jisa taraha ho aAtmasAkSAtkAra kA aura usameM rukAvaTa DAlane vAlI icchA ke nAza kA prayatna kare / nivattaka-dharma kA prabhAva va vikAsa___ jAna par3atA hai isa deza meM jaba pravartaka dharmAnuyAyI vaidika Arya pahalepahala Ae taba bhI kahIM na kahIM isa deza meM nivartaka-dharma eka yA dUsare rUpa meM pracalita thaa| zurU meM ina do dharma saMsthAoM ke vicAroM meM paryAsa saMgharSa rahA para nivartaka-dharma ke ine-gine sacce anugAmiyoM kI tapasyA, dhyAna-praNAlI aura asaMgacaryA kA sAdhAraNa janatA para jo prabhAva dhIre-dhIre bar3ha rahA thA usane pravartaka dharma ke kucha anugAmitroM ko bhI apanI ora khIMcA aura nivartaka-dharma kI saMsthAoM kA aneka rUpa meM vikAsa honA zurU huA / isakA prabhAvakArI phala anta meM yaha huA ki pravartaka-dharma ke AdhAra rUpa jo brahmacarya aura gRhastha do Azrama mAne jAte the unake sthAna meM pravartaka-dharma ke puraskartAoM ne pahale to vAnaprastha sahita tIna aura pIche saMnyAsa sahita cAra AzramoM ko jIvana meM
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________________ 138 jaina dharma aura darzana sthAna diyA / nivartaka-dharma kI aneka saMsthAoM ke bar3hate hue janavyApI prabhAva ke kAraNa anta meM to yahA~ taka pravartaka dharmAnuyAyI brAhmaNoM ne vidhAna mAna liyA ki gRhasthAzrama ke bAda jaise saMnyAsa nyAyaprApta hai vaise hI agara tIvra vairAgya ho to gRhasthAzrama binA kiye bhI sIdhe hI brahmacaryAzrama se pravrajyAmArga nyAyaprApta hai| isa taraha jo pravartaka-dharma kA jIvana meM samanvaya sthira huyA usakA phala hama dArzanika sAhitya aura prajAjIvana meM Aja bhI dekhate haiM / samanvaya aura saMgharSaNa jo tattvajJa RSi pravartaka-dharma ke anuyAyI brAhmaNoM ke vaMzaja hokara bhI nivataka-dharma ko pUre taura se apanA cuke the unhoMne cintana aura jIvana meM nivartakadharma kA mahattva vyakta kiyaa| phira bhI unhoMne apanI paitrika saMpatti rUpa pravattekadharma aura usake AdhArabhUta vedoM kA prAmANya mAnya rakhA / nyAyavaizeSika darzana ke aura aupaniSada darzana ke zrAdya draSTA aise hI tattvajJa RSi the| nivartaka-dharma ke koI-koI puraskartA aise bhI hue ki jinhoMne tapa, dhyAna aura AtmasAkSAtkAra ke bAdhaka kriyAkAMDa kA to AtyaMtika virodha kiyA para usa kriyAkANDa kI AdhArabhUta zruti kA sarvathA virodha nahIM kiyaa| aise vyaktiyoM meM sAMkhya darzana ke Adi puruSa kapila Adi RSi the| yahI kAraNa hai ki mUla meM sAMkhya-yoga darzana pravartaka-dharma kA virodhI hone para bhI anta meM vaidika darzanoM meM samA gayA / samanvaya ko aisI prakriyA isa deza meM zatAbdiyoM taka clii| phira kucha aise prAtyantikavAdI donoM dharmoM meM hote rahe ki ve apane-apane pravartaka yA nivataka-dharma ke alAvA dUsare pakSa ko na mAnate the, aura na yukta batalAte the / bhagavAna mahAvIra aura buddha ke pahale bhI aise aneka nivartaka-dharma ke puraskartA hue haiM / phira bhI mahAvIra aura buddha ke samaya meM to isa deza meM nivartaka-dharma kI poSaka aisI aneka saMsthAe~ thIM aura dUsarI aneka aisI naI paidA ho rahI thI ki jo pravartakadharma kA ugratA se virodha karatI thiiN| aba taka nIca se U~ca taka ke vargoM meM nivateka dharma kI chAyA meM vikAsa pAnevAle vividha taponuSThAna, vividha dhyAna-mAge aura nAnAvidha tyAgamaya AcAroM kA itanA adhika prabhAva phailane lagA thA ki phira eka bAra mahAvIra aura buddha ke samaya meM pravartaka aura nivartaka-dharma ke bIca prabala virodha kI lahara uThI jisakA sabUta hama jaina-bauddha vAGmaya tathA samakAlIna brAhmaNa vAGmaya meM pAte haiN| tathAgata buddha aise pakva vicAraka aura dRr3ha the ki jinhoMne kisI bhI taraha se apane nivartaka-dharma meM pravartaka-dharma ke AdhArabhUta mantavyoM aura zAstroM ko Azraya nahIM diyaa| dIrgha tapasvI mahAvIra bhI aise hI
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________________ jaina - saMskRti kA hRdaya 136 kaTTara nivartaka dharmI the / zrataeva hama dekhate haiM ki pahile se Aja taka jaina aura bauddha sampradAya meM aneka vedAnuyAyI vidvAn brAhmaNa dIkSita hue phira bhI unhoMne jaina aura bauddha vAGmaya meM veda ke prAmANya sthApana kA na koI prayatna kiyA aura na kisI brAhmaNagranthavihita yajJayAgAdi karmakANDa ko mAnya rakhA / fare-dharma ke mantavya aura AcAra zatAbdiyoM hI nahIM balki sahasrAbdi pahale se lekara jo dhIre-dhIre nivartaka dharma ke zraGga-pratyaGga rUpa se aneka mantavyoM aura cAroM kA mahAvIra buddha taka ke samaya meM vikAsa ho cukA thA ve saMkSepa meM ye haiM: - 1 - zrAtmazuddhi hI jIvana kA mukhya uddezya hai, na ki aihika yA pAralaukika kisI bhI pada kA mahattva / 2 -- isa uddezya kI pUrti meM bAdhaka AdhyAtmika moha, avidyA aura tajjanya tRSNA kA mUloccheda karanA / 3 - isake lie Adhyatmika jJAna aura usake dvArA sAre jIvana vyavahAra ko pUrNa nistRSNa banAnA / isake vAste zArIrika, mAnasika, vAcika, vividha tapasyAoM kA tathA nAnA prakAra ke dhyAna, yoga-mArga kA anu saraNa aura tIna cAra yA pA~ca mahAvratoM kA yAjjIvana anuSThAna / 4 - kisI bhI AdhyAtmika anubhava vAle manuSya ke dvArA kisI bhI bhASA meM kahe gaye prAdhyAtmika varNana vAle vacanoM ko hI pramANa rUpa se mAnanA, na ki IzvarIya yA paurupeya rUpa se svIkRta kisI khAsa bhASA meM racita granthoM ko / 5 - yogyatA aura gurupada kI kasauTI eka mAtra jIvana kI AdhyAtmika zuddhi, na ki janmasiddha varNavizeSa / isa dRSTi se strI aura zUdra taka kA dharmAdhikAra utanA hI hai, jitanA eka brAhmaNa aura kSatriya puruSa kA / 6- madya-mAMsa Adi kA dhArmika aura sAmAjika jIvana meM niSedha / ye tathA inake jaise lakSaNa jo pravartaka dharma ke cAroM aura vicAroM se judA par3ate the ve deza meM jar3a jamA cuke the aura dinaba-dina vizeSa bala pakar3ate jAte the / nirgrantha-sampradAya - kamoveza ukta lakSaNoM ko dhAraNa karanevAlI aneka saMsthAoM aura sampra dAyoM meM eka aisA purAnA nivartaka dharmI sampradAya thA jo mahAvIra ke pahile bahuta zatAbdiyoM se apane khAsa DhaGga se vikAsa karatA jA rahA thaa| usI sampradAya meM pahile nAbhinandana RSabhadeva, yadunandana neminAtha aura kAzIrAjaputra pArzvanAtha ho cuke the, yA ve usa sampradAya meM mAnya puruSa bana cuke the / usa sampradAya ke samaya-samaya para aneka nAma prasiddha rahe / yati, bhikSu, muni, anagAra, A
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________________ r jaina dharma aura darzana zramaNa Adi jaise nAma to usa sampradAya ke lie vyavahRta hote the para jaba dIrgha tapasvI mahAvIra usa sampradAya ke mukhiyA bane taba sambhavataH vaha sampradAya nirmantha nAma se vizeSa prasiddha huA / yadyapi nivartaka-dharmAnuyAyI panthoM meM U~cI AdhyAtmika bhUmikA para pahu~ce hue vyakti ke vAste 'jina' zabda sAdhAraNa rUpa se prayukta hotA thA / phira bhI bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya meM aura unake kucha samaya bAda taka bhI mahAvIra kA anuyAyI sAdhu yA gRhastha varga 'jaina' ( jinAnuyAyI ) nAma se vyavahRta nahIM hotA thA / Aja jaina zabda se mahAvIrapoSita sampradAya ke 'tyAgI' 'gRhastha' sabhI anuyAyiyoM kA jo bodha hotA hai isake lie pahile 'niggaMtha' aura 'samaragovAsaga' Adi jaise zabda vyavahRta hote the / jaina aura bauddha sampradAya--- isa nirgrantha yA jaina sampradAya meM Upara sUcita nivRtti-dharma ke saba lakSaNa bahudhA the hI para isameM RSabha Adi pUrvakAlIna tyAgI mahApuruSoM ke dvArA tathA anta meM jJAtaputra mahAvIra ke dvArA vicAra aura AcAragata aisI choTI-bar3I aneka vizeSatAe~ AI thIM va sthira ho gaI thIM ki jinase jJAtaputra- mahAvIra poSita yaha sampradAya dUsare nivRttigAmI sampradAyoM se khAsa judA rUpa dhAraNa kiye hue thA / yahA~ taka ki yaha jaina sampradAya bauddha sampradAya se bhI khAsa pharka rakhatA thA / mahAvIra aura buddha na kevala samakAlIna hI the balki ve bahudhA eka hI pradeza meM vicarane vAle tathA samAna aura samakakSa anuyAyiyoM ko eka hI bhASA meM upadeza karate the / donoM ke mukhya uddezya meM koI antara nahIM thA phira bhI mahAvIra poSita aura buddhasaMcAlita sampradAyoM meM zurU se hI khAsa antara rahA jo jJAtavya hai / bauddha sampradAya buddha ko hI Adarza rUpa se pUjatA hai tathA buddha ke hI upadezoM kA Adara karatA hai jaba ki jaina sampradAya mahAvIra Adi ko iSTa deva mAnakara unhIM ke vacanoM ko mAnya rakhatA hai / bauddha cittazuddhi ke lie dhyAna aura mAnasika saMyama para jitanA jora dete haiM utanA jora bAhya tapa aura dehadamana para nahIM / jaina dhyAna aura mAnasika saMyama ke alAvA dehadamana para bhI adhika jora dete rahe / buddha kA jIvana jitanA lokoM meM hilane-milanevAlA tathA unake upadeza jitane adhika sodhe-sAde lokasevAgAmI haiM vaisA mahAvIra kA jIvana tathA upadeza nahIM haiM / bauddha anagAra kI bAhyacaryA utanI niyantrita nahIM rahI jitanI jaina nagAroM kii| isake sivAya aura bhI aneka vizeSatAe~ haiM jinake kAraNa bauddha sampradAya bhArata ke samudra aura parvatoM kI sImA lAMghakara usa purAne I
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________________ jana-saMskRti kA hRdaya 141 samaya meM bhI aneka bhinna-bhinna bhASA-bhASI, sabhya-asabhya jAtiyoM meM dUra-dUra taka phailA aura karor3oM abhAratiyoM ne bhI bauddha zrAcAra-vicAra ko apane-apane DhaMga se apanI-apanI bhASA meM utArA va apanAyA jaba ki jaina sampradAya ke viSaya meM aisA nahIM huaa| yadyapi jaina saMpradAya ne bhArata ke bAhara sthAna nahIM jamAyA phira bhI vaha bhArata ke dUravartI saba bhAgoM meM dhIre-dhIre na kevala phaila hI gayA balki usane apanI kucha khAsa vizeSatAoM kI chApa prAyaH bhArata ke sabhI bhAgoM para thor3I bahuta jarUra ddaalii| jaise-jaise jaina saMpradAya pUrva se uttara aura pazcima tathA dakSiNa kI ora phailatA gayA vaise-vaise usa pravartaka-dharma vAle tathA nivRtti paMthI anya saMpradAyoM ke sAtha thor3e-bahuta saMgharSa meM bhI AnA pdd'aa| isa saMgharSa meM kabhI to jaina AcAra-vicAroM kA asara dUsare saMpradAyoM para par3A aura kabhI dasare saMpradAyoM ke AcAra-vicAroM kA asara jaina saMpradAya para bhI pdd'aa| yaha kriyA kisI eka hI samaya meM yA eka hI pradeza meM kisI eka hI vyakti ke dvArA saMpanna nahIM huii| balki dRzya-adRzyI rUpa meM hajAroM varSa taka calatI rahI aura Aja bhI cAlU hai| para anta meM jaina saMpradAya aura dUsare bhAratIya-abhAratIya sabhI dharma-saMpradAyoM kA sthAyI, sahiSNutApUrNa samanvaya siddha ho gayA hai jaise ki eka kuTumba ke bhAiyoM meM hokara rahatA hai| isa pIr3hiyoM ke samanvaya ke kAraNa sAdhAraNa loga yaha jAna hI nahIM sakate ki usake dhArmika AcAra-vicAra kI kauna-sI bAta maulika hai aura kauna-sI dUsaroM ke saMsarga kA pariNAma hai / jaina AcAra-vicAra kA jo asara dUsaroM para par3A hai usakA digdarzana karAne ke pahile dUsare saMpradAyoM ke AcAra-vicAra kA jaina-mArga para jo asara par3A hai use saMkSepa meM batalAnA ThIka hogA jisase ki jaina saMskRti kA hArda saralatA se samajhA jA ske| anya saMpradAyoM kA jaina-saMskRti para prabhAva indra, varuNa Adi svargIya deva-deviyoM kI stuti, upAsanA ke sthAna meM jainoM kA Adarza hai niSkalaMka manuSya kI upAsanA / para jaina zrAcAra-vicAra meM bahiSkRta deva deviyA~, punaH gauNa rUpa se hI sahI, stuti-prArthanA dvArA ghusa hI gaI, jisakA ki jaina saMskRti ke uddezya ke sAtha koI bhI mela nahIM hai / jaina-paraMparA ne upAsanA meM pratIka rUpa se manuSya mUrti ko sthAna to diyA, jo ki usake uddezya ke sAtha saMgata hai, para sAtha hI usake AsapAsa zRMgAra va aADambara kA itanA saMbhAra A gayA jo ki nivRtti ke lakSya ke sAtha bilakula asaMgata hai|
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________________ 142 jaina dharma aura darzana strI aura zUdra ko AdhyAtmika samAnatA ke nAte U~cA uThAne kA tathA samAja meM sammAna va sthAna dilAne kA jo jaina saMskRti kA uddezya rahA vaha yahA~ taka lusa ho gayA ki na kevala usane zUdroM ko apanAne kI kriyA hI banda kara dI balki usane brAhmaNa-dharma-prasiddha jAti kI dIvAreM bhI khar3I kI / yahA~ taka ki jahA~ brAhANa-paraMparA kA prAdhAnya rahA vahA~ to usane apane ghere meM se bhI zUdra kahalAne vAle logoM ko ajaina kahakara bAhara kara diyA aura zurU meM jaina-saMkRti jisa jAti-bheda kA virodha karane meM gaurava samajhatI thI usane dakSiNa jaise dezoM meM nae jAti-bheda kI sRSTi kara dI tathA striyoM ko pUrNa AdhyAtmika yogyatA ke liye asamartha karAra diyA jo ki spaSTataH kaTTara brAhmaNa-paraMparA kA hI asara hai| mantra jyotiSa Adi vidyAe~ jinakA jaina saMskRti ke dhyeya ke sAtha koI saMbandha nahIM ve bhI jaina saMskRti meM aaii| itanA hI nahIM balki AdhyAtmika jIvana svIkAra karanevAle anagAroM taka ne una vidyAoM ko apnaayaa| jina yajJopavIta Adi saMskAroM kA mUla meM jaina saMskRti ke sAtha koI saMbandha na thA ve hI dakSiNa hindustAna meM madhyakAla meM jaina-saMskRti kA eka aMga bana gae aura isake lie brAhmaNa-paraMparA kI taraha jaina-paraMparA meM bhI eka purohita varga kAyama ho gayA / yajJayAgAdi kI ThIka nakala karane vAle kriyAkANDa pratiSThA Adi vidhiyoM meM prA ge| ye tathA aisI dUsarI aneka choTI-moTI bAteM isalie ghaTIM ki jaina-saMskRti ko una sAdhAraNa anuyAyiyoM kI rakSA karanI thI jo ki dUsare virodhI sampradAyoM meM se pAkara usameM zarIka hote the, yA dUsare sampradAyoM ke AcAra-vicAroM se apane ko bacA na sakate the / aba hama thor3e meM yaha bhI dekheMge ki jaina-saMskRti kA dUsaroM para kyA khAsa asara par3A / jaina-saMskRti kA prabhAva yoM to siddhAntataH sarvabhUtadayA ko sabhI mAnate haiM para prANirakSA ke Upara jitanA jora jaina-paraMparA ne diyA, jitanI lagana se usane isa viSaya meM kAma kiyA usakA natIjA sAre aitihAsika yuga meM yaha rahA hai ki jahA~-jahA~ aura jaba-java jaina logoM kA eka yA dUsare kSetra meM prabhAva rahA sarvatra Ama janatA para prANirakSA kA pravala saMskAra par3A hai| yahA~ taka ki bhArata ke aneka bhAgoM meM apane ko ajaina kahane vAle tathA jaina-virodhI samajhane vAle sAdhAraNa loga bhI jIva-mAtra kI hiMsA se napharata karane lage haiM / ahiMsA ke isa sAmAnya saMskAra ke hI kAraNa aneka vaiSNava zrAdi jainetara paraMparAoM ke zrAcAra-vicAra. purAnI vaidika paraMparA se vilakula judA ho gae haiM / tapasyA ke bAre meM bhI aisA
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________________ jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya 143 hI huA hai / vyAgI ho yA gRhastha sabhI jaina tapasyA ke Upara adhikAdhika jhukate rahe haiN| isakA phala par3osI samAjoM para itanA adhika par3A hai ki unhoMne bhI eka yA dUsare rUpa se anekavidha sAttvika tapasyAe~ apanA lI haiM / aura sAmAnyarUpa se sAdhAraNa janatA jainoM kI tapasyA kI aura AdarazIla rahI hai ! yahA~ taka ki aneka bAra musalamAna samrATa tathA dUsare samartha adhikAriyoM ne tapasyA se AkRSTa hokara jaina-sampradAya kA bahumAna hI nahIM kiyA hai balki use aneka suvidhAe~ bhI dI haiM, madyanAMsa Adi sAta vyasanoM ko rokane tathA unheM ghaTAne ke lie jaina varga ne itanA adhika prayatna kiyA hai ki jisase vaha vyasanasevI aneka jAtiyoM meM susaMskAra DAlane meM samartha huA hai / yadyapi bauddha Adi dUsare sampradAya pUre bala se isa susaMskAra ke lie prayatna karate rahe para jainoM kA prayatna isa dizA meM Aja taka jArI hai aura jahA~ jainoM kA prabhAva ThIkaThIka hai vahA~ isa svairavihAra ke svatantra yuga meM bhI musalamAna aura dUsare mAMsabhakSI loga bhI khullamakhullA mAMsa-madya kA upayoga karane meM sakucAte haiM / lokamAnya tilaka ne ThIka hI kahA thA ki gujarAta Adi prAntoM se jo prANirakSA aura nirmAta bhojana kA zrAgraha hai vaha jaina paraMparA kA hI prabhAva hai| jaina vicArasaraNI kA eka maulika siddhAnta yaha hai ki pratyeka vastu kA vicAra adhikAdhika pahaluoM aura adhikAdhika dRSTikoNoM se karanA aura vivAdAspada viSaya meM bilakula apane virodhI pakSa ke abhiprAya ko bhI utanI hI se samajhane kA prayatna karanA jitanI ki sahAnubhUti apane pakSa ko aura anta meM samanvaya para hI jIvana vyavahAra kA phaisalA karanA yoM to yaha siddhAnta sabhI vicArakoM ke jIvana meM eka yA dUsare rUpa se kAma karatA hI rahatA hai / isake sivAya prajAjIvana na to vyavasthita bana sakatA hai aura na zAntilAbha kara sakatA hai / para jaina vicArakoM ne usa siddhAnta kI itanI adhika carcA kI hai aura usa para itanA adhika jora diyA hai ki jisase kaTTara se kaTTara virodhI saMpradAyoM ko bhI kucha-na-kucha preraNA milatI hI rahI hai| rAmAnuja kA viziSTAdvaita upaniSad kI bhUmikA ke Upara anekAntavAda hI to hai / sahAnubhUti ora ho / jaina paraMparA ke Adarza jaina-saMskRti ke hRdaya ko samajhane ke lie hameM thor3e se una AdarzoM kA paricaya karanA hogA jo pahile se Aja taka jaina paraMparA meM ekase mAnya haiM aura pUje jAte haiN| sabase purAnA Adarza jaina paraMparA ke sAmane RSabhadeva aura unake parivAra kA hai| RSabhadeva ne apane jIvana kA sabase bar3A bhAga una javAbadehiyoM
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana ko buddhipUrvaka adA karane meM bitAyA jo prajA pAlana kI jimmevArI ke sAtha una para A par3I thiiN| unhoMne usa samaya ke bilakula apar3ha logoM ko likhanA-par3hanA sikhAyA, kucha kAma-dhandhA na jAnane vAle banacaroM ko unhoMne khetI-bAr3I tathA bar3haI, kumhAra zrAdi ke jIvanopayogI dhandhe sikhAe, Apasa meM kaise baratanA, kaise niyamoM kA pAlana karanA yaha bhI sikhaayaa| jaba unako mahasUsa huA ki aba bar3A putra bharata prajAzAsana kI saba javAbadehiyoM ko nibAha legA taba use rAjyabhAra sauMpa kara gahare zrAdhyAtmika praznoM kI chAnabIna ke lie utkaTa tapasvI hokara ghara se nikala pdd'e| RSabha deva kI do putriyA~ brAhmI aura sundarI nAma kI thiiN| usa z2amAne meM bhAI-bahana ke bIca zAdI kI prathA pracalita thii| sundarI ne isa prathA kA virodha karake apanI saumya tapasyA se bhAI bharata para aisA prabhAva DAlA ki jisase bharata ne na kevala sundarI ke sAtha vivAha karane kA vicAra hI chor3A balki vaha usakA bhakta bana gayA / Rgveda ke yamIsUkta meM bhAI yama ne bhaginI yamI kI lagna-mAMga ko asvIkAra kiyA jaba ki bhaginI sundarI ne bhAI bharata kI lagna mAMga ko tapasyA meM pariNata kara diyA aura phalataH bhAI-bahana ke lagna kI pratiSThita prathA nAmazeSa ho gii| RSabha ke bharata aura bAhubalI nAmaka putroM meM rAjya ke nimitta bhayAnaka yuddha zurU huA / anta meM dvanda yuddha kA phaisalA huA: bharata kA pracaNDa prahAra niSphala gyaa| jaba bAhubalI kI bArI AI aura samarthatara bAhubalI ko jAna par3A ki mere muSTi prahAra se bharata kI avazya durdazA hogI taba usane usa bhrAtRvijayAbhimukha kSaNa ko Atmavijaya meM badala diyaa| usane yaha soca kara ki rAjya ke nimitta lar3AI meM vijaya pAne aura vaira-prati vaira tathA kuTumba kalaha ke bIja bone kI apekSA saccI vijaya ahaMkAra aura tuSNA-jaya meM hI hai / usane apane bAhubala ko krodha aura abhimAna para hI jamAyA aura avaira se vaira ke pratikAra kA jIvantadRSTAnta sthApita kiyA / phala yaha huA ki anta meM bharata kA bhI lobha tathA garva kharva huaa| eka samaya thA jaba ki kevala kSatriyoM meM hI nahIM para sabhI vargoM meM mAMsa khAne kI prathA thI / nitya prati ke bhojana, sAmAjika utsava, dhArmika anuSThAna ke avasaroM para pazu-pakSioM kA vadha aisA hI pracalita aura pratiSThita thA jaisA Aja nAriyaloM aura phaloM kA car3hAnA / usa yuga meM yadunandana nemikumAra ne eka ajIba kadama uThAyA | unhoMne apanI zAdI para bhojana ke vAste katala kiye jAnevAle nirdoSa pazu-pakSioM kI Arta mUka vANI se sahasA pighalakara nizcaya
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________________ jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya kiyA ki ve aisI zAdI na kareMge jisameM anAvazyaka aura nirdoSa pazu-pakSiyoM kA vadha hotA ho / usa gambhIra nizcaya ke sAtha ve sabakI sunI-anasunI karake bArAta se zIghra vApisa lauTa aae| dvArakA se sIdhe giranAra parvata para jAkara unhoMne tapasyA kii| kaumAravaya meM rAjaputrI kA tyAga aura dhyAna tapasyA kA mArga apanAkara unhoMne usa cira-pracalita pazu-pakSI-vadha kI prathA para zrAtmadRSTAnta se itanA sakhta prahAra kiyA ki jisase gujarAta bhara meM aura gujarAta ke prabhAvavAle dusare prAntoM meM bhI vaha prathA nAmazeSa ho gaI aura jagaha-jagaha Aja taka calI aAnevAlI piMjarApoloM kI lokapriya saMsthAnoM meM parivartita ho gii| pArzvanAtha kA jIvana-Adarza kucha aura hI rahA hai| unhoMne eka bAra durvAsA jaise sahajakopI tApasa tathA unake anuyAiyoM kI nArAjagI kA khatarA uThAkara bhI eka jalate sA~pa ko gIlI lakar3I se bacAne kA prayatna kiyA / phala yaha huA hai ki Aja bhI jaina prabhAva vAle kSetroM meM koI sA~pa taka ko nahIM mAratA / dIrgha tapaspI mahAvIra ne bhI eka bAra apanI ahiMsA-vRtti kI pUrI sAdhanA kA aisA hI paricaya diyA / jaba jaMgala meM ve dhyAnastha khar3e the eka pracaNDa viSadhara ne unheM Dasa liyA, usa samaya ve na kevala dhyAna meM acala hI rahe balki unhoMne maitrI-bhAvanA kA usa viSadhara para prayoga kiyA jisase vaha "ahiMsA pratiSThAyAM tatsaMnidhau vairatyAgaH" isa yogasUtra kA jIvita udAharaNa bana gyaa| aneka prasaMgoM para yajJayAgAdi dhArmika kAryoM meM honevAlI hiMsA ko to rokane kA bharasaka prayatna ve Ajanma karate hI rahe / aise hI Adarzo se jaina-saMskRti utprANita hotI AI hai aura aneka kaThinAiyoM ke bIca bhI usane apane AdarzoM ke hRdaya ko kisI na kisI taraha sa~bhAlane kA prayatna kiyA hai, jo bhArata ke dhArmika, sAmAjika aura rAjakIya itihAsa meM jIvita hai / jaba kabhI suyoga milA tabhI tyAgI tathA rAjA, mantrI tathA vyApArI Adi gRhasthoM ne jaina-saMskRti ke ahiMsA, tapa aura saMyama ke AdarzoM kA apane DhaMga se pracAra kiyaa| saMskRti kA uddezya- . saMskRti mAtra kA uddezya hai mAnavatA kI bhalAI kI ora Age bar3hanA / yaha uddezya vaha tabhI sAdha sakatI hai jaba vaha apane janaka aura poSaka rASTra kI bhalAI meM yoga dene ko aora sadA agrasara rhe| kisI bhI saMskRti ke bAhya aGga kevala abhyudaya ke samaya hI panapate haiM aura aise hI samaya ve AkarSaka lagate haiN| para saMskRti ke hRdaya kI bAta judrI hai / samaya Afata kA ho yA abhyudaya kA, usakI anivArya AvazyakatA sadA eka sI banI rahatI hai| koI bhI saMskRti kevala apane
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________________ jaina dharma aura darzana itihAsa aura purAnI yazogAthAoM ke sahAre na jIvita raha sakatI hai aura na pratiSThA pA sakatI hai jaba taka vaha bhAvI-nirmANa meM yoga na de| isa dRSTAnta se bhI jaina-saMskRti para vicAra karanA saMgata hai| hama Upara batalA Ae haiM ki yaha saMskRti mUlataH pravRtti, arthAt punarjanma se chuTakArA pAne kI dRSTi se AvirbhUta huii| isake AcAra-vicAra kA sArA dAMcA usI lakSya ke anukUla banA hai / para hama yaha bhI dekhate haiM ki Akhira meM vaha saMskRti vyakti taka sImita na rhii| usane eka viziSTa samAja kA rUpa dhAraNa kiyA / nivRtti aura pravRtti samAja koI bhI ho vaha eka mAtra nivRtti kI bhUlabhulaiyoM para na jIvita raha sakatA hai aura na vAstavika nivRtti hI sAdha sakatA hai| yadi kisI taraha nivRtti ko na mAnanevAle aura sirpha pravRtticakra kA hI mahattva mAnanevAle Akhira meM usa pravRtti ke tUphAna aura aAMdhI meM hI phaMsakara mara sakate haiM to yaha bhI utanA hI saca hai ki pravRtti kA Azraya binA lie nivRtti havA kA kilA hI bana jAtA hai / aitihAsika aura dArzanika satya yaha hai ki pravRtti aura nivRtti eka hI mAnavakalyANa ke sikke ke do pahalU haiN| doSa, galatI, burAI aura akalyANa se taba taka koI nahIM baca sakatA jaba taka vaha doSanivRtti ke sAtha hI sAtha sadguNoM kI aura kalyANamaya pravRtti meM bala na lgaave| koI bhI bImAra kevala apathya aura puSTi kupathya se nivRtta hokara jIvita nahIM raha sakatA / use sAtha-hI-sAtha pathyasevana karanA cAhie / zarIra se dUSita rakta ko nikAla DAlanA jIvana ke liye agara jarUrI hai to utanA hI jarUrI usameM nae rudhira kA saMcAra karanA bhI hai| nivRttilakSI pravRtti RSabha se lekara Aja taka nivRttigAmI kahalAne vAlI jaina-saMskRti bhI jo kisI na kisI prakAra jIvita rahI hai vaha eka mAtra nivRtti ke bala para nahIM kintu kalyANakArI pravRtti ke sahAre para / yadi pravartaka-dharmI brAhmaNoM ne nivRtti mArga ke sundara tatvoM ko apanAkara eka vyApaka kalyANakArI saMskRti kA aisA nirmANa kiyA hai jo gItA meM ujjIvita hokara Aja nae upayogI svarUpa meM gAMdhIjI ke dvArA punaH apanA saMskaraNa kara rahI hai to nivRttilakSI jaina saMskRti ko bhI kalyANAbhimukha zrAvazyaka pravRttiyoM kA sahArA lekara hI Aja kI badalI huI paristhiti meM jInA hogA / jaina-saMskRti meM tattvajJAna aura prAcAra ke jo mUla niyama haiM aura vaha jina AdarzoM ko zrAja taka pU~jI mAnatI AI hai unake
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________________ jaina-saMskRti kA hRdaya 147 AdhAra para yaha pravRtti kA aisA maMgalamaya yoga sAdha sakatI hai jo saba ke lie kSemaMkara ho / jaina-paraMparA meM prathama sthAna hai tyAgiyoM kA, dUsarA sthAna hai gRhasthoM kA / tyAgiyoM ko jo pA~ca mahAvrata dhAraNa karane kI AjJA hai vaha adhikAdhika sadguNoM meM pravRtti karane kI yA sadguNa-poSaka-pravRtti ke lie bala paidA karane kI prAthamika zarta mAtra hai / hiMsA, asatya, corI, parigraha Adi doSoM se binA bace sadguNoM meM pravRtti ho hI nahIM sakatI aura sadguNapoSaka pravRti ko binAjIvana meM sthAna diye hiMsA Adi se bace rahanA bhI sarvathA asambhava hai| isa deza meM jo loga dUsare nivRtti-paMthoM kI taraha jaina-paMtha meM bhI eka mAtra nivRtti kI aikAntika sAdhanA kI bAta karate haiM ve ukta satya bhUla jAte haiM / jo vyakti sArvabhauma mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa karane kI zakti nahIM rakhatA usake lie jaina-paraMparA meM aNuvratoM kI saSTi karake dhIre-dhIre nivRtti kI ora Age bar3hane kA mArga bhI rakhA hai| aise gRhasthoM ke lie hiMsA Adi doSoM se aMzataH bacane kA vidhAna kiyA hai| usakA matalaba yahI hai ka gRhastha pahale doSoM se bacane kA abhyAsa kareM / para sAtha hI yaha Adeza hai ki jisa-jisa doSa ko ve dUra kareM usa-usa doSa ke virodhI sadguNoM ko jIvana meM sthAna dete jaaeN| hiMsA ko dUra karanA ho to prema aura zrAtmaupamya ke sadguNa ko jIvana meM vyakta karanA hogA / satya binA bole aura satya bolane kA bala binA pAe asatya se nivRtti kaise hogI ? parigraha aura lobha se bacanA ho to santoSa aura tyAga jaisI guNa poSaka pravRttiyoM maiM apane Apa ko khapAnA hI hogaa| isa bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jaina-saMskRti para yadi Aja vicAra kiyA jAe to Ajakala kI kasauTI ke kAla meM jainoM ke lie nIce likhI bAteM kartavyarUpa phalita hotI haiN| jaina-varga kA kartavya 1-deza meM nirakSaratA, vahama aura zrAlasya vyApta hai| jahA~ dekho vahA~ phUTa hI phUTa hai / zarAba aura dUsarI nazIlI cIjeM jar3a pakar3a baiThI haiM / duSkAla, ativRSTi, pararAjya aura yuddha ke kAraNa mAnava-jIvana kA eka mAtra AdhAra pazudhana nAmazeSa ho rahA hai| ataeva isa saMbandha meM vidhAyaka pravRttiyoM kI ora sAre tyAgI varga kA dhyAna jAnA cAhie, jo varga kuTumba ke bandhanoM se barI hai, mahAvIra kA prAtmaupamya kA uddezya lekara ghara se alaga huA hai aura RSabhadeva tathA neminAtha ke AdarzoM ko jIvita rakhanA cAhatA hai| 2--deza meM garIbI aura bekArI kI koI sImA nahIM hai| khetI bArI aura
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________________ jaina. dharma aura darzana udyoga-dhandhe apane astitva ke lie buddhi, dhana, parizrama aura sAhasa kI apekSA kara rahe haiM / ataeva gRhasthoM kA yaha dharma ho jAtA hai ki ve saMpatti kA upayoga tathA viniyoga rASTra ke lie kreN| ve gAMdhIjI ke TrasTIzipa ke siddhAnta ko amala meM lAe~ / buddhisaMpanna aura sAhasikoM kA dharma hai ki ve namra banakara aise hI kAmoM meM laga jAe~ jo rASTra ke lie vidhAyaka haiN| kA~gresa kA vidhAyaka kAryakrama kA~gresa kI ora se rakhA gayA hai isalie vaha upekSaNIya nahIM hai| asala meM vaha kAryakrama jaina-saMskRti kA jIvanta aMga hai| dalitoM aura aspRzyoM ko bhAI kI taraha binA apanAe kauna yaha kaha sakegA ki maiM jaina hU~ ? svAdI aura aise dUsare udyoga jo adhika se adhika ahiMsA ke najadIka haiM aura eka mAtra Atmaupamya evaM aparigraha dharma ke poSaka haiM unako uttejanA diye binA kauna kaha sakegA ki maiM ahiMsA kA upAsaka hU~ ? ataeva upasaMhAra meM itanA hI kahanA cAhatA hU~ ki jaina loga, nirarthaka ADambaroM aura zakti ke apavyayakArI prasaMgoM meM apanI saMskRti surakSita hai, yaha bhrama chor3akara usake hRdaya kI rakSA kA prayatna kareM, jisameM hindU aura musalamAnoM kA hI kyA, sabhI kaumoM kA mela bhI nihita hai| saMskRti kA saMketa-- . ___ saMskRti-mAtra kA saMketa lobha aura moha ko ghaTAne va nirmUla karane kA hai, na ki pravRtti ko nirmUla karane kA / vahI pravRtti tyAjya hai jo Asakti ke binA kabhI saMbhava hI nahIM, jaise kAmAcAra va vaiyaktika parigraha Adi / jo pravRttiyA~ samAja kA dhAraNa, poSaNa, vikasana karanevAlI haiM ve AsaktipUrvaka aura Asakti ke sivAya bhI saMbhava haiM / ataeva saMskRti Asakti ke tyAgamAtra kA saMketa karatI hai / jaina-saMskRti yadi saMskRti-sAmAnya kA apavAda bane to vaha vikRta banakara aMta meM miTa jA sakatI hai| I0 1642] [vizvavyApI