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________________ jaina samAja-darzana 10 pro. saMgamalAla pANDeya, DI. liT. jainadarzana ke anuzIlana se samAja-darzana ke svarUpa aura AdhAra ko jAnane meM bar3I sahAyatA milatI hai| isa kathana ko tarkataH siddha karane ke lie hama yahA~ jainamata meM upalabdha samAjadarzana kA vizleSaNa kareMge aura samAja ke mUla upAdAnoM kI khoja kreNge| jaina vicArakoM ne jisa samAja kI avadhAraNA kI hai usake kucha mUla prAdhAra haiM jinheM hama yahA~ chaha pratiSThAeM kaheMge, kyoMki 'pratiSThA' zabda 'AdhAra' zabda se adhika sAragabhita hai| pratiSThA kA artha prAgapekSA, prAdhAra-stambha tathA maryAdA hotA hai| ye chaha pratiSThAeM haiM-(1) vrata kI pratiSThA, (2) zrama kI pratiSThA (3) aparigraha kI pratiSThA (4) ahiMsA kI pratiSThA (5) anekAntavAda kI pratiSThA aura (6) mAnava kI pratiSThA / jainamata ke anusAra ina pratiSThAnoM para hI mAnavasamAja sthita hai| ata: mAnava-samAja kA svarUpa samajhane ke lie ina pratiSThAnoM kA vizleSaNa karanA Avazyaka hai| inase siddha hotA hai ki samAja kevala vyaktiyoM kA bAhya Aropita saMgaThana nahIM hai varana samAja bratadhArI mAnavoM kA antaHpratiSThita bAhyasvarUpa hai| 1. vrata kI pratiSThA kucha pazcimI vidvAnoM kA kahanA hai ki samAja kA prAdhAra manuSya kI mUla pravRttiyA~ tathA sahAnubhUti, karuNA Adi saMvega haiM / jaina zabdAvalI meM kahA jAya to ina pazcimI vicArakoM ke anusAra samAja kA AdhAra kaSAya hai, kyoMki mUla pravRttiyA~ aura saMvega kaSAya haiN| phira kucha pazcimI vidvAn mAnate haiM ki samAja kA prAdhAra saMvidA (Contract) hai aura kucha mAnate haiM ki samAja kA prAdhAra manuSya kI icchAoM ko vaidhAnika DhaMga se santuSTa karane vAlA rAjyAdeza yA saMvidhAna hai| kintu ina matoM ke viparIta jainadarzana mAnatA hai ki samAja kA mUlAdhAra vrata hai| pratyeka manuSya apane tathA anya manuSyoM ke vikAsa ke lie kucha vrata letA hai| aise vrata bAraha haiN| inameM pAMca aNuvrata haiM, tIna guNavrata haiM aura cAra zikSAkta haiM / ye bAraha vrata zrAvakAcAra haiM arthAt sAdhAraNa manuSya ke AcAra haiN| ina vratoM se manuSya apanI janmajAta pravRttiyoM, bhAvanAmoM aura icchAnoM para aMkuza lagAtA hai unakA parimArjana tathA pariSkAra karatA hai tathA apanI pravRtti aura nivRtti kA samyak prayoga karatA hai| inhIM vratoM ke phalasvarUpa eka mora manuSya apane ko saccaritra aura sadAcArI banAtA hai tathA dUsarI ora vaha samAja ke svarUpa kA prAdurbhAva karatA hai| samAja manuSya kI saMskArita icchA kA pariNAma hai| phira vaha pratyeka manuSya ko saMskArita icchA kA pariNAma hai na ki manuSyoM ke pratinidhiyoM kI icchA kA pariNAma hai / ataeva samAja kA AdhAra kaSAya nahIM apitu kaSAyAbhAva hai| isI kaSAyAbhAva ko jainadarzana meM guNasthAna kahA gayA hai| guNasthAna caudaha hai| ye vyakti ke vikAsa kI bhUmikAe~ haiM aura sAtha hI samAja kI vibhinna saMsthAnoM kI AdhArazilAe~ bhI haiN| vAstava meM guNasthAna meM zrAvakAcAra aura zramaNAcAra donoM sammilita haiN| prAyaH samAja kA sambandha zrAvakAcAra se dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM karma hI dIya hai|
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________________ caturtha khaNDa/54 adhika jor3A jAtA hai / parantu jaisA Age kahA jAyegA zramaNAcAra bhI samAja ke lie vizeSarUpa se Avazyaka hai / ataH sampUrNa guNasthAnoM kA samAja meM mahattva hai| ye brata kI saMsthA ke vikAsa kI avasthAe~ haiN| jainadarzana ke anusAra jo vratI nahIM hai vaha dhArmika nahIM ho sktaa| vrata dharma kI . prathama AvazyakatA hai| isI prakAra vaha samAja kI prathama prAdhArazilA yA pratiSThA hai / vrata kA artha hai varaNa kiyA huA yA aicchika / samAja aicchika hai, vaha svayaMbhU yA naisargika nahIM hai / vaha manuSyoM kI icchA se janya hai| pratyeka manuSya apanI svatantra icchA se usakA varaNa yA cayana karatA hai| vratI, vrata aura vAta (saMgaThana)-ye tIna icchA-jagat ke AvAsI tathya haiM / manuSya aura samAja ke bIca jo vAstavika sambandha hai vaha vrata hai| yadi hama vrata nahIM karate to hama apane ko sAmAjika nahIM banA sakate / isa prakAra jaise dhArmika hone ke lie, vaise sAmAjika hone ke lie bhI vrata lenA Avazyaka hai| yahA~ yaha ullekha-yogya hai ki samAja meM vahI saMsthA yA rIti-nIti calatI hai jisake lie loga vrata yA saMkalpa karate haiN| yadi kisI acche niyama kA pAlana karane ke lie adhisaMkhyaka loga vrata aura saMkalpa na kareM to vaha niyama dharma-granthoM athavA saMvidhAna yA kAnUna kI pustakoM meM hI banda raha jAyagA aura unake anusAra samAja meM vyavasthA yA kArya nahIM hogaa| isa prakAra yadi tarka-dRSTi se dekhA jAya to siddha hotA hai ki jainiyoM kA yaha kahanA bilkula satya hai ki vrata hI samAja kI prAdya pratiSThA hai| 2. zrama kI pratiSThA jaina darzana ne vrata kI pratiSThA ke anantara zrama ko mahattva diyA hai| pratyeka manuSya ke lie zrama karanA Avazyaka hai| zrama arthamAtra kA mUla hai, kintu vaha mAtra zArIrika zrama nahIM hai| vaha zArIrika, bauddhika tathA AdhyAtmika-tIna prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai| zArIrika zrama zarIra se hotA hai aura sthala hai| bauddhika zrama buddhi se hotA hai aura sUkSma hai| svAdhyAya aura manana usake do prakAra haiN| inase bhinna prAdhyAtmika zrama hai jo pratisUkSma hai aura jo AtmA ke dvArA sampanna hotA hai| jaba taka manuSya bAhya viSayoM kI ora unmukha rahatA hai aura unhIM kA dhyAna-cintana karatA rahatA hai taba taka usakI AtmA bahirAtmA hai| phira jaba vaha samyak dRSTi prApta karake Antarika bhAva, icchA aura jJAna ke jagat kA anucintana karatA hai taba usakI AtmA antarAtmA ho jAtI hai / anta meM punaH jaba vaha bahiH aura antaH ke dvandva se Upara uThakara sthitaprajJa hotA hai taba usakI AtmA paramAtmA ho jAtI hai| bahirAtmA se paramAtmA hone taka pahale bauddhika zrama hotA hai aura anta meM AdhyAtmika zrama / zArIrika zrama karane vAle zramika kahe jAte haiM aura AdhyAtmika zrama karane vAle zramaNa / inake madhya meM bauddhika zrama karane vAle haiM jinheM zrutidhara, prAcArya yA upAdhyAya kahA jAtA hai / zArIrika zrama karane vAle ko kama puraskAra, artha yA mahattva diyA jAya aura bauddhika tathA AdhyAtmika zrama karane vAle ko adhika diyA jAya-aisA jainamata nahIM kahatA hai / usakA mata hai ki prAdhyAtmika zrama karane vAloM ke pAsa bilkula artha nahIM rahanA cAhie, bauddhika zrama karane vAloM ke pAsa AvazyakatA se adhika artha nahIM honA cAhie aura zArIrika zrama karane vAloM ke pAsa sabase adhika artha (dhana) honA caahie| isa prakAra jainamata usa arthavyavasthA
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________________ jaina samAja darzana / 55 kA virodhI hai jisameM zramika ko peTabhara bhojana karane ke lie bhI artha nahIM milatA hai| vaha aisI arthavyavasthA kA himAyatI hai jisameM pratyeka zramika ko paryApta artha mile| isa vyavasthA ko 'sucArU rUpa se calAne ke lie guNavrata aura zikSAvrata kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| zikSAvrata meM sAmAyikaprata, dezAvakA zikavrata, pauSadhopavAsa vrata tathA pratithisaMvibhAyavrata haiM jinake bAre meM jainamata ke jJAtAoM ko acchI taraha jAnakArI hai / 3. aparigraha kI pratiSThA jainamata kA nizcita mata hai ki prAdhyAtmika zrama karane vAle ko pUrNa aparigraha kA pAlana karanA hai| aparigraha kA siddhAnta jainamata ke anusAra samAja kI dhurI hai| sabhI loga parigraha ke irda-girda rahate haiM, kintu jo loga isase pUrNa virakta aura anAsakta ho jAte haiM, jo loga zyAga karate haiM, ve hI samAja kI vyavasthA ke saMcAlaka hote haiN| unake lie aparigraha kA parva sarvaparigraha se viramaNa hai / unake lie aparigraha mahAvrata hai| bauddhikoM ke lie yaha mahAvrata sabhI manuSyoM ke lie nahIM hai ? nahIM hai, unake lie yaha eka ghaNuvrata hai parantu praNuvrata kyA ataH prazna uThatA hai ki bauddhikoM ke lie aNuvrata se adhika aura kyA kartavya hai ? isake uttara meM jainadArzanika guNavrata kA prAvadhAna karate haiM guNavrata tIna haiM dizAparimANavrata, upabhoga- paribhogaparimANavrata aura anarthadaNDaviramaNa vrata ye tInoM vrata vizeSataH aparigraha meM sahAyaka haiN| inake pAlana se siddha hotA hai ki bauddhikoM ko sAmAnya janoM se adhika aparigraha karanA caahie| samAja sevI meM sAdhAraNa sAmAjika se adhika tyAga honA cAhie / isakA ulTA ucita nahIM hai| parigraha yA arthasaMgraha aisA viSaya hai jisako samAja kevala vyakti kI icchA para chor3a nahIM sakatA / vAstava meM artha samAja kA hotA hai aura isalie usake utpAdana tathA vitaraNa kA bhAra bhI samAja ke Upara rahatA hai| artha kI vyavasthA ke lie samAja udyoga tathA rAjya kA nirmANa karatA hai / rAjya ko apanI vyavasthA ke lie kara vyavasthA sthApita karanI par3atI hai / jainamata ke anusAra rAjya ko nAgarikoM kI sampatti aura prAya para kara lagAne kA adhikAra hai aura nAgarikoM kA kartavya hai ki ve apanI saMgraha pravRtti ko maryAdita kareM rAjya aura nAgarika donoM apanI maryAdA ke andara hI artha saMgraha kara sakate haiN| jaise maryAdA se adhika artha-saMgraha karane vAlA nAgarika jaghanya hai vaise hI vaha rAjya bhI jaghanya hai jisameM prajA ko Arthika kaSTa rahatA hai aura usa para bhI jo rAjya prajA se artha kara vasUlatA rahatA hai| rAjya kA mUla prakArya prastitva kA lakSaNa bhI hai| isa prakArya ( phaMkzana) prajA kA hita karanA hai| yahI prakArya usake ke atirikta usakA koI zuddha astitva nahIM hai dravyAtmaka nahIM / / usakA astitva prakAryAtmaka hai, punazca prArthika viSamatA ko dUra karane ke lie tIna upAya haiN| pahalA rAjya ko pragatizIla karAdhAna kI vyavasthA calAnI cAhie arthAt nAgarikoM kI prAya ke anusAra unake Upara kara lagAyA jAnA chie| dUsare, nAgarikoM ko aparigraha kA vrata lekara usake pAlana meM svecchA se pragati karanI caahie| tIsare, samAja meM zramikoM, kRSakoM, zilpakAroM, vyavasAyiyoM Adi kI zreNiyA~ yA saMgaThana hone cAhie aura unake pAsa itanA dhana honA cAhie jisase ve apane zilpa maura vyavasAya kI samucita vyavasthA aura vikAsa karate rheN| ye zreNiyA~ sAmAjika dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 56 zaktiyA~ haiN| inakA dAyitva apane sadasyoM ko rojagAra denA hai| aisI zreNiyA~ prAcIna kAla meM thii| Aja inakA punaruddhAra karanA hai| isa prakriyA meM navInIkaraNa bhI apekSita hai| ataH inheM zreNiyA~ na kahakara vyAvasAyika prazikSaNa saMsthA kA nAma denA hai aura inakI vyavasthA meM guNAnurUpa sudhAra karanA hai| 4. ahiMsA kI pratiSThA ahiMsA jainadarzana kA pramukha siddhAnta hai| usameM ahiMsA kI aisI vyApaka paribhASA kI gayI hai ki samasta sadguNa yA mUlya ahiMsA ke hI vikAsa siddha hote haiN| ahiMsA kA artha jIva-hiMsA se viramaNa hI nahIM kintu jIvana se prema karanA bhI hai| hiMsA samAja kI AtmaghAtI burAI hai| usake bar3hate rahane se samAja kA astitva hI naSTa hone lagatA hai| vaha mAnava-samAja ko barbara yA jaMgalI banA detI hai| usake rahate mAtrayanyAya tathA arAjakatA rahate haiM / ataH sabhyatA hiMsA ke parityAga se prArambha hotI hai| jyoM-jyoM hiMsA chuTatI hai tyoM-tyoM ahiMsA kA vikAsa hotA hai| pUrNa ahiMsA kI sthApanA se vairatyAga ho jAtA hai| zatrubhAva naSTa hotA hai, mitra bhAva prakaTa hotA hai| ye sabhI guNa sabhya samAja ke lakSaNa haiM, isalie kahA jAtA hai ki ahiMsA para hI sabhya samAja pratiSThita hai| ahiMsA kA pAlana karane ke lie samAja kI sthApanA nahIM hotI, varan isa nIti kI bhI sthApanA hotI hai jo usa samAja kI pratijIvitA kA hetu hai| yaha nIti cAra prakAra kI hai, sAma, dAna, daNDa aura bheda / inase bhinna yuddha hai jo vastutaH nIti kI asaphalatA aura barbaratA kI vApisI hai| isalie rAjya-saMcAlana ke lie sAma, dAna, daNDa aura bheda, ina cAra nItiyoM kA hI prayoga honA cAhie aura hara saMbhava prakAra se yuddha ko rokane kA prayAsa karanA caahie| jisa rAjya meM kevala daNDa aura bheda ke siddhAntoM kA pAlana hotA hai vaha jaghanya hai| isake sAtha usameM zAnti (sAma) aura samavitaraNa (dAna) ke siddhAntoM kA pAlana bhI apekSita hai| 5. anekAntavAda kI pratiSThA anekAnta kI pratiSThA samAja ke lie atyanta Avazyaka hai, kyoMki samAja kI aneka burAiyA~ tathA vividha prakAra kI hiMsAe~ ekAntavAda ko mAnane ke kAraNa hotI haiN| ekAntavAda kA artha hai vicAra kI eka ati / jo loga socate haiM ki unakA mata hI ekamAtra satya hai aura anya manuSyoM ke mata asatya haiM, unakA mata eka anta yA ati hai| usase kadraratA dharmAndhatA, asahiSNutA tathA hiMsA utpanna hotI hai| vibhinna dharmoM ke pArasparika saMgharSa aura vibhinna vicAradhArAoM ke vivAda isake udAharaNa haiN| ina saMgharSoM aura vivAdoM se mukti prApta karane ke lie anekAntavAda Avazyaka hai jisake anusAra pratyeka mata yA vicAra kisI sandarbha-vizeSa meM hI satya hotA hai aura vaha nirapekSa satya nahIM hai| sabhI satya sApekSa satya haiM / ataeva una saba kA sAmaMjasya ho sakatA hai| athavA ve sabhI apane-apane anuyAyiyoM ke lie satya ho sakate haiM / isa prakAra vibhinna matoM kI saha sthiti saMbhava hI nahIM kinta apekSita bhI hai, aisA mAnanA anekAntavAda hai| spaSTa hai ki anekAntavAda pratyeka manuSya ko namratA sahiSNatA, udAratA aura karuNA kI zikSA detA hai| inake binA samAja kI vividhatA jI nahIM sktii| isalie anekAntavAda samAja kI Avazyaka prAgapekSA yA pratiSThA hai| vaha ahiMsA kA bhI prAdhAra hai / isalie niSkarSataH kahA jAtA hai ki vicAra meM jo anekAntavAda hai vahI
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________________ jaina samAja-darzana | 57 prAcAra meM ahiMsA hai| ahiMsA aura anekAntavAda eka-sAtha calate haiM, donoM eka hI sikke ke do pahalU haiN| 6. mAnava kI pratiSThA jainadarzana mAnavavAdI hai / isake kaI artha haiN| pahalA, vaha manuSya se uccatara kisI prANI ko nahIM mAnatA hai| 63 zalAkA-puruSa jainadharma ke Adarza haiN| inameM caubIsa tIrthaMkara, bAraha cakravartI, nau baladeva, nau vAsudeva yA ardhacakravartI aura nau prati-vAsudeva Ate haiM / ye sabhI manuSya haiM / manuSya se bhinna koI Izvara yA paramAtmA hai-aisA jainadarzana nahIM mAnatA / dUsare, vaha pratyeka manuSya kI AtmA ko svataMtra sat mAnatA hai aura aneka ke astitva meM vizvAsa karatA hai / vaha sarvezvaravAdI to nahIM hai, kyoMki mAnava AtmAnoM ke atirikta anya jIvoM kI AtmAoM ko bhI vaha mAnatA hai| vastutaH use sarvAtmavAdI (paina sAikijma) kahA jAtA hai / parantu ina sabhI prAtmAoM meM mAnava-prAtmAe~ zreSTha haiN| tIsare, mAnava-mAtmAoM meM bhI zreSThatA kA tAratamya hai| naitika aura sAmAjika siddhAnta ke rUpa meM jainamata mAnavavAda ko gaharAI se svIkAra karatA hai| vaha mAnava ke sadguNoM ke vikAsa para bala detA hai| punazca mAnavavAdI hote haye bhI jainamata jar3avAdI yA lokAyatavAdI nahIM hai| ulaTe usane lokAyatavAda kA khaNDana karake siddha kiyA ki jIva yA jIvAtmA ajIva yA jar3a se bhinna hai, kyoMki usakA lakSaNa caitanya hai| jIva jJAnavAn, icchAvAn aura kriyAvAn hai| ajIva aisA nahIM hai| manuSya ke atirikta bhI jIva haiM kintu manuSya sabhI jIvoM meM zreSTha hai kyoMki usameM buddhi aura mumukSA hai jo anya jIvoM meM nahIM haiN| pratyeka manuSya kA vikAsa ho sakatA hai| bahirAtmA antarAtmA aura paramAtmA-ye tIna manuSya ke vikAsa kI avasthAe~ haiN| janma se pratyeka manuSya bahirAtmA hai| sAdhanA se vaha kramazaH antarAtmA aura paramAtmA hotA hai| paramAtmA honA hI pratyeka manuSya kA antima lakSya hai| isa taraha jainamata ke anusAra pratyeka manuSya meM paramAtmA kA sAmarthya hai / kintu yahA~ paramAtmA kA artha jagat kA kartA yA pitA nahIM hai| koI bhI mAnava paramAtmA ho sakatA hai aura paramAtmA aneka haiN| paramAtmA mahAn AtmA hai| vaha Adarza mAnava hai| jainamata yadyapi varNa-vyavasthA aura jAtivAda ko anekAntavAda ke AdhAra para udAratApUrvaka aura sahiSNutApUrvaka svIkAra karatA hai tathApi vaha varNa aura jAti ko siddhAntataH asvIkAra karatA hai| vaha janmanA varNa aura jAti ke pakSa meM nahIM hai / karma ke AdhAra para vaha jAti aura varNa ko vyavahAra meM svIkAra karatA hai| parantu siddhAntataH vaha manuSyoM meM adhyAtma ke AdhAra para kevala do bheda karatA hai / ye do bheda haiM---zrAvaka aura zramaNa / zrAvaka gRhastha hotA hai aura zramaNa virakta / zramaNa UrdhvaretA aura mahAvratI hotA hai; zrAvaka lokakarmI aura aNuvratI hotA hai| isa prakAra zrAvaka aura zramaNa donoM kI alaga-alaga saMsthAe~ yA paripATiyAM haiN|-shrmnn kI saMsthA zrAvaka kI zraddhA aura AsthA ke lie Avazyaka hai| samAja meM sadAcAra kI pratiSThA karanA hI zramaNa kA lakSya hotA hai| vaha dharma ke samasta sadguNoM kI mUtti hai| usake cAritra ke dIpa se hI pratyeka zrAvaka kA caritradIpa jalatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki zramaNoM kI loka-yAtrA ke lie zrAvakoM ko dhyAna rakhanA par3atA hai| zramaNa zrAvaka-hitakArI hotA hai aura zrAvaka zramaNopAsaka hotA hai / yahI donoM dhammo dIvo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai www.dainelibrary.org
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________________ WARA ma ASHLEE aneeti caturtha khaNDa | 58 cineplants Aaichi S anAcama kA sambandha hai| isa sambandha se pratyeka zramaNa zrAvakamAtra ke lie vandanIya hai| rAjA, prazAsaka vyApArI, prAcArya, zilpI, zramika-ye sabhI zrAvaka haiN| zramaNa kA sthAna inase uccatara hai| ye zramaNa kA sthAna nahIM le sakate haiN| usake samAna inakI dIpti aura garimA bhI nahIM ho sakatI hai| zramaNa loka kA prANI hotA huA bhI vastuta: lokottara hai| vaha vigrahavAn dharma hai| vaha samAja kI AtmA hai| jisa samAja meM zramaNa-paramparA jIvita rahatI hai usakA kabhI nAza yA uccheda nahIM ho sakatA hai| zramaNa-paramparA varNavyavasthA aura jAti-vyabasthA se bhinna hai / zramaNa brAhmaNa kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra se uccatara tathA zreSThatara hai| kisI bhI varNa yA jAti kA sadasya prayatna karane para zramaNa ho sakatA hai| yahI zramaNa madhyayuga meM saMta ke nAma se jAnA gayA hai| kucha loga isI ko 'niraguniyA' kahate haiM, kyoMki vaha saguNa Izvara ke sthAna para nirguNa sat kA manana-dhyAna karatA hai| kucha bhI ho, bhAratIya samAjadarzana meM jainamata kA itanA sthAyI prabhAva par3A hai ki zramaNa yA saMta hI yahA~ sarvazreSTha mAnava mAnA jAtA rahA hai| jo loga socate haiM ki bhAratIya samAja-darzana meM sarvocca sthAna brAhmaNa kA hai, ve vastuta: bhAratIya samAja-vyavasthA ko nahIM jAnate haiN| unheM zramaNa-paramparA yA saMta-paramparA kA koI jJAna nahIM hai / brAhmaNa se bhI zreSTha yA mahAn zramaNa yA saMta hai| yaha zramaNa-vyavasthA yA saMtavyavasthA varNavyavasthA ke sAtha jur3I huI hai aura varNavyavasthA ko maryAdA ke andara rakhane meM kAragara siddha huI hai| zramaNoM yA saMtoM ne isI kAraNa jAti-vyavasthA yA varNa-vyavasthA kA khaNDana bhI kiyA hai| kintu isa khaNDana kA tAtparya yaha nahIM hai ki varNavyavasthA nirAdhAra hai| isakA tAtparya hai ki varNa-vyavasthA ke sAtha zramaNa-vyavasthA kA calanA Avazyaka hai jisase sarvocca pada taka sabhI manuSyoM kI pahu~ca saMbhava ho sake / dhana yA pada se koI mahAn nahIM banatA hai| kevala caritra se hI loga mahAn banate haiN| isa prakAra jo mahAn ho jAya vahI Adarza mAnava, saMta yA zramaNa hai| zramaNa-vyavasthA aura varNa-vyavasthA eka-dUsare kI pUraka haiN| yahI nahIM, eka ke binA dusaro jIvita nahIM raha sktii| isIlie donoM vyavasthAnoM meM avinAbhAvasaMbandha hai| upasaMhAra meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki saMpUrNa vizva meM jaina-samAja-darzana ihalokavAda (sekyUlarijma) kA prathama darzana hai| jaba kabhI bRhattara mAnava samAja ihalokavAda ko svIkAra karegA taba usakA prArUpa vahI hogA jisakI saMkalpanA jainadArzanikoM ne kI hai| kyoMki isameM laukika aura AdhyAtmika mUlyoM kA paraspara pUrya-pUraka bhAva svIkArA gayA hai| isa samAjadarzana ko lokAyatavAda se bhinna karane ke lie lokAyanavAda kahA jA sakatA hai kyoMki isakA bhI prayojana isa loka aura isake nivAsI kA sarvakalyANa karanA hai aura loka kI gati kA saMrakSaNa karanA hai| isalie lokAyata nahIM kintu lokAyana loka kA svarUpa hai| -adhyakSa darzana vibhAga ilAhAbAda vizvavidyAlaya ilAhAbAda 00