Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSaH pragati aura paramparA - DaoN. rAjendra prakAza bhaTanAgara, [prAdhyApaka, rAjakIya Ayurveda mahAvidyAlaya, udayapura (rAja.)] bhAratIya jyotiSa eka atyanta prAcIna zAstra hai| 'tattvArtha' (a04, sU013) meM likhA hai----'jyotiSkAH saryazcandramasau prhnksstrprkiirnnktaarkaashc'| sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatroM ke sAtha prakIrNaka tAroM ko jyotiSka (camakane vAle prakAzamAna) kahate haiN| inase sambandhita zAstra yA vijJAna ko 'jyotiSa' kahate hai (jyotiSAM sUryAdigrahANAM bodhakaM shaastrm)| jyotiSazAstra bhAratIyoM kA maulika viziSTa vijJAna hai / DA0 nemicanda zAstrI ne likhA hai-"yadi pakSapAta chor3akara vicAra kiyA jAya to mAlUma ho jAyagA ki anya zAstroM ke samAna bhAratIya hI isa zAstra ke Adi AvikartA hai|" (bhAratIya jyotiSa, pRSTha 31) / jyotiSa kA AdhAra aMkajJAna hai| yaha jJAna bhI bhAratIyoM kA maulika hai / DA0 gaurIzaMkara hIrAcanda ojhA kA mata hai-"bhArata ne anya dezavAsiyoM ko jo aneka bAteM sikhAI, unameM sabase adhika mahattvapUrNa sthAna aMkavidyA kA hai / saMsArabhara meM gaNita, jyotiSa, vijJAna Adi kI jo unnati pAyI jAtI hai, usakA mUla kAraNa vartamAna aMkakrama hai, jisameM eka se nau taka ke aMka aura zUnya ina dasa cihnoM se aMkavidyA kA sArA kAma cala rahA hai| yaha krama bhAratavAsiyoM ne hI nikAlA aura ise saMsAra ne apnaayaa|" (madhyakAlIna bhAratIya saMskRti, pR0 108) / alaberunI bhI likhatA hai--"jyotiSazAstra meM hindU loga saMsAra kI sabhI jAtiyoM se bar3hakara haiM / maiMne aneka bhASAoM ke aMkoM ke nAma sIkhe haiM, para kisI jAti meM bhI hajAra se Age kI saMkhyA ke lie mujhe koI nAma nahIM milaa| hinduoM meM aThAraha aMkoM taka kI saMkhyA ke lie nAma haiM, jinameM antima saMkhyA kA nAma parAddhaM batAyA gayA hai" (sacAU. alaberunIja iNDiyA, jilda 1, pR0 174-77) / bhAratIya jyotiSa kI do paramparAe~ rahI haiM-vaidika jyotiSa aura jaina jyotiSa / donoM paramparAe~ bahata prAcIna aura prAyaH samAnAntara haiM / donoM kA paraspara eka-dUsare para prabhAva bhI par3A hai| .... vaidika paramparA meM jyotiSa kA sthAna mahattvapUrNa hai / ise chaH vedAMgoM meM parigaNita kiyA gayA hai| ye vedAMga haiM-zikSA, kalpa, vyAkaraNa, nirukta, chanda aura jyotiSa / zikSA kalpo'tha vyAkaraNaM niruktaM chanda sA ca yaH / jyotiSAmayanaM caiba vedAMgAni SaDeva tu // yajJoM ke anuSThAna ke lie, usake Arambha aura samApti para anukUla graha yoga dekhA jAtA thaa| isakA jJAna jyotiSa para AdhArita hai| vaidika jyotiSa sambandhI 'vedAMga jyotiSa' nAmaka prAcIna laghugrantha upalabdha hai| isakI racanA lokamAnya tilaka ne 1200 se 1400 I0 pU0 mAnI hai| isakA lekhaka ajJAta hai| isa grantha ke do pATha milate haiM-Rgveda jyotiSa aura yajurveda jyotiSa / pahale meM 36 zloka aura dUsare meM 44 zloka haiN| isa para aneka TIkAe~ vidyamAna haiM / yaha grantha vaidika jyotiSazAstra kA mUla mAnA jAtA hai|
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSa : pragati aura paramparA 363 jaina vidvAnoM kA jyotiSazAstra ke kSetra meM avismaraNIya gogadAna rahA hai| jaina jyotiSa kI paramparA tIrthakaroM ke kAla se prArambha hotI hai| yaha kAla vaidikakAla ke samAntara athavA usase kucha paravartI pramANita hotA hai / pahale ke tIrthakaroM kI vANI aba upalabdha nahIM hai usa kAla kA jaina sAhitya 'pUrva' saMjJA se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai / upalabdha Agama - sAhitya caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI vANI ke rUpa meM prApta haiN| usI ko gaNadharoM aura pratigaNadharoM ne saMkalita kara vyavasthita kiyA tathA vibhinna AcAryoM ne isake AdhAra para aneka zAstroM kI racanA kI / 'Agama' zabda samantAt yA sampUrNa artha meM prayukta 'A' upasagaMpUrvaka gati prApti ke artha meM niSpanna hotA hai / isakA tAtparya vastutattva yA yathArtha kA pUrA jJAna aisA hotA hai / Apta kA isase ucita zikSA milatI hai| jaina granthoM meM Agama ko hI 'bhuta' aura 'sUtra' bhI kahate haiN| jaina dharma kI zvetAmbara aura digambara paramparAoMoM meM Agama sAhitya ke astitva ke sambandha meM matabheda hai| digambara paramparA Agama sAhitya ko vicchinna yA lupta mAnatI hai zvetAmbara paramparA meM kevala bArahaveM aMga 'dRSTivAda' ko vilupta mAnA gayA hai / 1 prayukta gam' dhAtu se kathana hI Agama hai / isa prakAra jaina Agama sAhitya ko tIna AdhAroM para vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai / sarvaprathama 'samavAyAMga' meM ise do bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai-pUrva' aura 'aMga' pUrva' 14 the utpAda, ApAyaNIya, vIryAnupravAda, asti nAsti pravAda, jJAnapravAda, satyapravAda, AtmapravAda, karmapravAda, pratyAkhyAnapravAda, vidyAnuvAda, kalyANavAda prANAvAya, kriyAvizAla, lokabindusAra / pUrva sAhitya mahAvIra se pahale kA hone ke kAraNa ise 'pUrva' kahA jAtA hai / kAlAntara meM isako aMgoM meM hI samAviSTa kara liyA gayA / 'dRSTivAda' nAmaka bArahaveM aMga meM eka vibhAga 'pUrvagata' hai| isI 'pUrvagata' meM caudaha pUrvo kA antarbhAva kiyA gayA hai| bhagavatI, 'aMga' bAraha haiM / ye Agama sAhitya ke mukhya grantha haiM / ye aMga haiM-- AcAra, sUtrakRta, sthAna, samavAya, jJAtRdharmakathA, upAsakadazA, antakRtadazA, anuttaropapAtika, praznavyAkaraNa, vipAka, dRSTivAda / AgamoM kA dvitIya vargIkaraNa 'naMdIsUtra' (43) meM milatA hai / isameM AgamoM ke do varga kiye gaye haiM- aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya / jo gaNadhara dvArA sUtrarUpa meM banAye gaye haiM, jo gaNadhara dvArA prazna karane para tIrthaMkara dvArA pratipAdita haiM aura jo zAzvata satyoM se sambandhita haiM, unako 'aMgapraviSTa' Agama kahate haiM / jo sthavira ( muni) kRta haiM unako 'gavAhA' kahate haiN| naMdIsUtra meM 'aMgavAhya' ke Avazyaka, Avazyaka vyatirikta, kAlika aura utkAlika rUpa meM cAra bheda kiye gaye haiN| 'aMgapraviSTa' Agama prAcIna aura mUlabhUta mAne jAte haiN| inake mUlavaktA tIrthaMkara aura saMkalanakartA gaNadhara hote haiM / pUjyapAda ne 'sarvArthasiddhi' (1 / 20 ) meM vaktA ke tIna bheda batAye haiM-- tIrthaMkara, zrutakevalI aura ArAtIya / akalaMka ke anusAra ArAtIya AyAyoM kI racanAe~ aMgapratipAdita artha ke samIpa aura anurUpa hone ke kAraNa 'aMgabAhya' kahalAtI hai (tatvArtharAjavArtika 1 / 20) 'aMgapraviSTa' Agama granthoM ko hI AcArAMga Adi 12 'jaMga' bhI kahate haiM / zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAe~ AgamoM ke aMgapraviSTa aura aMgavAhya vargoM ko mAnatI haiN| AgamoM kA tIsarA vargIkaraNa AcArya kAryarakSita ne kiyaa| unhoMne anuyogoM ke AdhAra para AgamoM ke cAra vibhAga kiye haiM- ( 1 ) caraNa karaNAnuyoga (kAlikazruta, mahAkalpa, chedazruta Adi), (2) dharmakathAnuyoga ( RSibhASita, uttarAdhyavana Adi), (3) gaNitAnuyoga (sUryaprazapti Adi), (4) dravyAnuyoga (dRSTivAda Adi) / (Avazyaka nirbukti (363 - 377) / digambara paramparA meM AgamoM ko lupta mAnA gayA hai / isa paramparA meM aMgapraviSTa aura aMgabAhya granthoM .
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 394 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa -.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.. ke atirikta jo grantha likhe gaye unako 'anuyoga' kahate haiM / inake cAra vibhAga haiM-(1) prathamAnuyoga-mahApuruSoM kA jIvana-caritra, jaise--mahApurANa, AdipurANa / (2) karaNAnuyoga-lokAlokavibhAjana, kAla, gaNita Adi, jaisetrilokaprajJapti, trilokasAra / (3) caraNAnuyoga--AcAra kA varNana, jaise--muulaacaar| 4. dravyAnuyoga-dravya, guNa paryAya, tattva Adi kA varNana, jaise-pravacanasAra, gommaTasAra Adi / AgamoM kA cauthA paravartI vargIkaraNa isa prakAra hai-aMga (11 yA 12), upAMga 12, mUlasUtra 4, chetrasutra 6, prakIrNaka 10 / tattvArthabhASya (020) meM 'upAMga' se 'aMgabAhya' mAnA gayA hai| isa prakAra kula AgamoM kI saMkhyA 45 hai| ___ samavAyAMga aura nandIsUtra meM bArahaveM aMga 'dRSTivAda' ke pA~ca vibhAga batAye haiM-parikarma, sUtra, prathamAnuyoga, pUrvagata aura cUlikA / digambara mAnyatA ke anusAra parikarma ke pA~ca bheda haiM-candraprajJapti, sUryaprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, dvIpasAgaraprajJapti, vyAkhyAprajJapti / 'pUrvagata' meM pUrvokta caudaha 'pUrvo' kA samAveza hotA hai| cUlikA ke bhI pA~ca bheda haiM-jalagatA, sthalagatA, mAyAgatA, AkAzagatA, rUpagatA / nizIthacUNi ke anusAra dRSTivAda meM dravyAnuyoga, caraNAnuyoga, dharmakathAnuyoga aura gaNitAnuyoga kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| yaha dRSTivAda saba aMgoM meM zreSTha thA aura isakA sAhitya bahuvidha va atyanta vistRta thaa| jaina paramparA meM samasta laukika yA lAkSaNika vidyAoM aura zAstroM kI utpatti 'dRSTivAda' se mAnI jAtI jAtI hai| durbhAgya se dRSTivAda kA sAhitya aba lupta ho cukA hai parantu usase vyutpanna vidyAoM kA astitva aura vikAsa zanai:-zanaiH prakaTa huaa| 'dRSTivAda' ke 'parikarma' saMjJaka vibhAga meM lipivijJAna, jyotiSa aura gaNita kA vivecana milatA hai| 'SaTkhaMDAgama' kI 'dhavalA' TIkA meM vIrasenAcArya ne gaNita sambandhI vivecana meM 'parikarma' kA ullekha kiyA hai| isI se gaNita-jyotiSa kA prAdurbhAva huaa| parikarma ke pA~ca bhedoM meM se prathama cAra sUryaprajJapti, caMdraprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, aura dvIpasAgaraprajJapti ko jaina jyotiSazAstra aura gaNitazAstra kA mUla mAnA jAtA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJapti aura jambUdvIpaprajJapti kI gaNanA bAraha upAMgoM meM kI gaI hai| aSTAMga nimittoM kA vivecana 'dRSTivAda' ke 'pUrva' saMjaka bheda ke 'vidyAnupravAda' saMjJaka upabheda meM huA thaa| 'kalyANavAda' (abandha) nAmaka 'pUrva' meM sUrya, candra, nakSatra aura tArAgaNoM kI vividha gatiyoM ke AdhAra para zakuna kA vicAra tathA baladevoM, vAsudevoM, cakravartiyoM Adi mahApuruSoM ke garbhAvataraNa, janma Adi avasaroM para hone vAle lakSaNoM aura kalyANoM kA vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra zubhAzubha lakSaNoM ke nimitta se bhaviSya kI ghaTanAoM kA kathana abaMdhya arthAt avazyambhAvI mAnA gayA thaa| isa kAraNa isa pUrva ko 'kalyANavAda' yA 'abaMdhya' kahate haiN| 'gaNivijjA' nAmaka prakIrNaka bhI jyotiSa se sambandhita hai| anya Agama sAhitya meM bhI prasaMgavaza jyotiSa sambandhI vicAra prakaTa hue haiN| 'karaNAnuyoga' meM jyotiSa, gaNita, bhUgola aura kAlavibhAga kA samAveza hotA hai| digambara paramparA meM isa viSaya ke lokavibhAga, tiloyapaNNatti (trilokaprajJapti), trilokasAra aura jambUdvIpaNNatti prAcIna grantha haiN| zvetAmbara paramparA meM isa viSaya ke Agama sAhityAntargata sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti, kSetrasamAsa aura saMgrahaNI kA samAveza hotA hai| jyotiSakaraNDaka' ina sabase prAcIna kevala jyotiSa sambandhI grantha hai| digambara paramparA ke anusAra mahAvIra nirvANa ke 162 varSa bAda bhadrabAhu ke svargavAsI hone para aMga grantha kramazaH vicchinna hone lge| sampUrNa Agama sAhitya lupta ho gayA; kevala 'dRSTivAda' ke antargata dvitIya pUrva 'agrAyaNIya'
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSa: pragati aura paramparA ke kucha adhikAroM kA jJAna AcArya dharasena ke pAsa zeSa rhaa| unhoMne yaha jJAna apane do ziSyoM puSpadaMta aura bhUtabali ko diyA, jisake AdhAra para unhoMne 'SaTkhaNDAgama' kI sUtra rUpa meM racanA kI / yaha graMtha prApta hai aura TIkA va anuvAda sahita teIsa bhAgoM meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| isa para AcArya vIrasena kRta 'dhavalA' nAmaka TIkA maujUda hai| isa TIkA meM jyotiSa aura gaNita sambandhI aneka vicAra prakaTa hue haiN| zvetAmbara paramparAnusAra vIra nirvANa ke 170 varSa bAda bhadrabAhu svargavAsI hue| isake bAda 'pUrvI' kA jJAna kramazaH lupta hotA gyaa| pUrvo ke viccheda kA krama devarddhigaNI kSamAzramaNa ( vI0 ni0 saM0 680 yA 663 I0454 yA 466) taka calatA rahA / svayaM devaddhagaNI 11 aMga aura eka pUrva se kucha adhika zruta ke jJAtA the / zvetAmbara mata meM Agama sAhitya kA bahuta-sA aMga lupta hone para bhI kucha maulika aMta aba taka pAramparika rUpa se surakSita hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM svIkRta Agama sAhitya ardhamAgadhI prAkRta bhASA meM milatA hai| 'SaTkhaNDAgama' kI TIkA meM diye gaye prAcIna gAthAe~ Adi uddharaNa zaurasenI prAkRta meM haiM / ardhamAgadhI prAkRta kA pracalana zUrasena (mathurA) aura magadha ke madhya ayodhyA ke samIpavartI kSetra meM thaa| zUrasena (mathurA) ke AsapAsa 'zaurasenI' prAkRta kA pracalana thA / 365. jyotiSa : eka kalA bhI jaina sUtroM meM jina 72 kalAoM kA ullekha milatA hai, unameM jyotiSa vidyA ko bhI parigaNita kiyA gayA hai / isameM 'bAra' arthAt grahoM kI anukUla gati aura praticAra' arthAt grahoM kI pratikUla gati kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| kalpasUtra (1 / 10) se jJAta hotA hai ki mahAvIra ne gaNita aura jyotiSa vidyA Adi meM kuzalatA prApta kI thii| jyotiSa ko 'nakSatra vidyA' bhI kahA gayA hai| (dazavaikAlika, 8 / 51) / jaina granthoM meM dharmotsavoM ke samaya aura sthAna ke nirdhAraNa hetu jyotiSa sambandhI jJAna jarUrI mAnA gayA hai / isake viparIta bauddhagranthoM meM bauddhabhikSuoM ke lie jyotiSa vidyA aura anya kalAoM kA sIkhanA niSiddha mAnA gayA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina vidvAnoM aura AcAyoM ne jyotiSa meM Azcaryajanaka pragati kI thI bauddhoM meM yaha vidyA apracalita rhii| 1 'vyAkhyAprajJapti' (211) aura 'uttarAdhyayana' ( 257, 36) meM 'saMkhyAna' (gaNita) aura 'joisa' (jyotiSa) ko caudaha vidyAsthAnoM meM parigaNita kiyA gayA hai| gaNita aura jyotiSa kA paraspara ghaniSTha sambandha hai / ataH yaha tathya dhyAna meM rakhanA hogA ki prAyaH donoM viSayoM ke grantha anyonya sambandha rakhate haiM / bhAratIya jyotiSa kA kramazaH vikAsa huA hai aura usake naye-naye bheda-prabheda prakaTa hue haiN| prArambha meM jyotiSa kA udbhava utsavAdi - yajJAdi kArya ke samaya aura sthAna ke zubhAzubha vicAra kI dRSTi se nakSatra, Rtu, ayana, dina, rAtri, lagna Adi ke vicAra se huA thA / usa samaya gaNita aura phalita ye do bheda nahIM the / sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJapti, jyotiSakaraNDaka, vedAMgajyotiSa meM jyotiSa kA prArambhika rUpa milatA hai / kAlAntara meM jyotiSa ke do bheda prakaTa hue gaNita aura phalita grahoM kI gati, sthiti, ayanAMza Adi se sambandhita gaNita jyotiSa tathA zubhAzubha phala va kAla vicAra, yajJa-yAga, utsava Adi ke samaya va sthAna ke nirdhAraNa kA vicAra phalita jyotiSa kA viSaya mAnA jAne lgaa| isake bAda jyotiSa kA triskandhAtmaka rUpa prakAza meM AyAsiddhAnta, saMhitA aura horaa| Age calakara isake pA~ca bheda ho gaye - horA, gaNita, saMhitA, prazna aura nimitta / (1) horA ko 'jAtaka' bhI kahate haiN| yaha zabda 'ahorAtra' se banA hai pahalA 'a' aura antima 'va' akSara kAlopa hone se 'horA' zabda banA hai / manuSya ke janma ke samaya grahoM kI sthiti ke AdhAra para phalAdeza kiyA jAtA hai / janma kuNDalI ke dvAda bhAvoM ke phalAphala kA grahoM ke anusAra vivecana karanA 'horAzAstra' kahalAtA hai| (2) gaNita jyotiSa meM kAlagaNanA, sauracAndramAnoM kA pratipAdana, grahagatiyoM kA nirUpaNa praznottara vivecana aura akSakSetra sambandhI ajyA, laMbajyA jyA kuNyA taduddhRti, samazaMku Adi kA nirUpaNa kiyA jAtA hai| gaNita ke bhI tIna prabheda prakAza meM Aye - siddhAnta, tantra aura karaNa / , 6916 .
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 396 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa (3) saMhitA jyotiSa meM bhU-zodhana, dikzodhana, zalyoddhAra, melApaka, AyAdyAnayana, gRhopakaraNa, iSTikAdvAra, gehArambha, gRhapraveza, muhartagaNanA, ulkApAta, ativRSTi, grahoM kA udaya-asta aura grahaNa-phala kA vicAra hotA hai| madhyakAla meM 'saMhitA' meM horA, gaNita aura zakuna kA mizrita rUpa mAnA jAne lgaa| kucha jainAcAryoM ne 'Ayurveda' ko bhI saMhitA meM sammilita kiyA hai| (4) prazna-jyotiSa meM praznAkSara, prazna-lagna aura svarajJAna vidhiyoM se praznakartA ke prazna ke zubhAzubha kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| praznakartA ke hAva, bhAva, vicAra, ceSTA se bhI vizleSaNa kiyA jAtA hai| isase tatkAla phalanirdeza hotA hai / yaha jaina jyotiSa kA mahattvapUrNa aMga hai| kevalajJAnapraznacUDAmaNi, candronmIlana, ayajJAnatilaka, arhaccUDAmaNisAra Adi isa para prasiddha aura prAcIna jaina grantha haiM / varAhamihira (6vIM zatI) ke putra pRthuyazA ke kAla se praznalagna siddhAnta kA pracAra prArambha huA thaa| (5) zakuna-jyotiSa ko 'nimittazAstra' bhI kahate haiM / isameM zubhAzubha phaloM kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| pahale yaha 'saMhitA' meM zAmila thA, bAda meM vI 10vIM zatI se isa para svatantra grantha likhe gye| jyotiSazAstra ke ye pAMca vibhAga usakI gambhIra vyApakatA ko sUcita karate haiN| aMga-lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para zubhAzubha ko batAne vAlA sAmudrika zAstra bhI jyotiSa kA hI aMga mAnA jA sakatA hai| phalita jyotiSa meM mAnava jIvana ke hara pakSa para vicAra kiyA gayA hai / yaha kevala paMcAMga taka hI sImita nahIM thaa| 500 I. ke bAda bhAratIya jyotiSa para grIsa, araba aura phArasa ke jyotiSa kA prabhAva par3ane lgaa| varAhamihira ne unase bhI kucha grahaNa karane kA upadeza diyA hai mlecchA hi yavanAsteSu samyaka zAstramidaM sthitam / _ RSivatte'pi pUjyante kiM punardevavid dvijaH / / dasavIM zatI ke bAda jyotiSa meM yantroM kA pracalana huaa| yantroM se graha-veda-vidhi kA vicAra kiyA gayA / 'muhUrta' para bhI svatantra grantha likhe gaye / saba kAryoM ke lie zubhAzubha kAla kA vicAra kiyA gyaa| musalamAnoM ke samparka se jyotiSa ke kSetra meM 11vIM zadI ke bAda do navIna aMga 'tAjika' aura 'ramala' 'vikasita hue| (1) tAjika-yaha araboM se prApta jyotiSa jJAna hai / balabhadra ne likhA haiyavanAcAyeMga pArasIkabhASAyAM jyotiSazAstrakadezarUpaM vASikAdinAnAvidhaphalAdezaphalakazAstraMtAjikazAstravAcyam / manuSya ke navIna varSa aura mAsa meM praveza karane ke samaya grahoM kI sthiti dekha kara usa varSa yA mAsa kA phala batAnA 'tAjika' kA viSaya hai| yaha bhAratIya 'jAtaka' ke antargata hai / mUlata: yaha prakAra bhAratIyoM kI dena thii| likhA hai gargAdyaM yavanazca romakamukhaiH satyAdibhiH kIrtitam / zAstraM tAjikazAstraM....... garga Adi bhAratIya AcAryoM ne, yavanoM ne, romavAsiyoM ne aura satyAcArya Adi ne isa zAstra kI racanA kii| bhAratIya jyotiSa ke AdhAra para yavanoM ne ise sIkhA, unhoMne isameM saMzodhana-parivardhana kiyaa| janmakuNDalI se phalAdeza ke niyama mUlataH bhAratIya haiN| haribhaTTa yA haribhadra kRta 'tAjikasAra' meM kucha yavana zabda bhI prayukta hue haiN| (2) ramala-yaha zabda araboM kA hai / imeM 'pAzakavidyA' bhI kahate haiN| pAsoM para bindu ke rUpa meM cihna hote haiM / pAse pheMkane para una cihnoM kI sthiti dekhakara praznakartA ke prazna kA uttara batAne kI yaha vidyA hai| yaha bhAratIya "praznazAstra' kA hI aMga hai|
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jana jyotiSa : pragati aura paramparA ramalazAstra meM agni, vAyu, jala aura pRthvI ina cAra tattvoM kI dazA kA AdhAra mAnA jAtA hai| inake * solaha bheda haiN| pAse para unake pratIka solaha cihna hote haiM / 1. 357 musalamAnoM ke samparka ke bAda saMskRta meM isa para svatantra grantha likhe gye| inameM arabI zabda bhI vyavahRta hue haiM / ata: ise musalamAnoM ke samparka se vikasita huA mAnA jAtA hai / jaina vidvAnoM ne jyotiSa kI pratyeka vidhA para mahattvapUrNa racanAe~ likhI haiM ye racanAe~ prAkRta, apabhraM * saMskRta, hindI ke atirikta rAjasthAnI, gujarAtI, tamila, kannar3a, telagu Adi prAntIya bhASAoM meM milatI haiN| isase isakI vyApakatA pradarzita hotI hai / jaina mAnyatA meM kAlavibhAga evaM lokavibhAga jyotiSa kA sambandha kAla evaM khagola-bhUgola se hai / sUryaprajJapti, candra prajJapti, jambUdvIpaprajJapti aura dvIpasAgaraprajJapti meM inakA paricaya milatA hai, isase sRSTi ke vikAsa krama kA patA calatA hai / loka vibhAga- sampUrNa vizva ke do vibhAga haiM--eka 'alokAkA', jahA~ AkAza ke sivA koI jar3a yA netana dravya maujUda nahIM hai, dUsarA 'lokAkAza', jahA~ pA~ca dravya (jIva, pudgala, unake gamanAgamana meM sahAyaka dharma evaM adharma dravya iyya-parivartana meM nimitta bhUta 'kAla') hote haiM ata: ise 'dravyaloka' bhI kahate haiN| dravyaloka ke tIna bhAga haiUrdhva, madhya aura adho loka / UrdhvaM loka meM sarvaprathama jyotirloka haiM, jisameM sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra aura tAre sthita hai| isake Upara 16 svarga haiM saudharma, ImAna, sanatkumAra, mAhendra, brahma brahmottara, sAntava, kApiSTha, zukra, mahAgurU, zatAra, sahasrAra, Anata, prANata, AraNa aura acyuta / inako 'kalpa' bhI kahate haiM / svargoM ke Upara nau graiveyaka aura unake Upara vijaya, vaijayanta, jayanta, aparAjita aura sarvArthasiddhi nAmaka pA~ca kalpAtIta deva - vimAna haiM / isake Upara loka kA antima bhAga hai, jahA~ muktAtmAe~ rahatI haiN| adholoka meM kramazaH nIce kI ora 7 naraka haiM- ratna, zarkarA, bAlukA, paMka, dhUma, tama aura mahAtama prabhA / isameM tIna mahAn dvIpa haiMdhAtakIkhaNDa aura puSkara kA asaMkhya dvIpa va sAgara haiN| alaMdhya parvata haiN| jambUdvIpa, madhyaloka meM pRthvI hai / yaha golAkAra hai aura isameM -jambUdvIpa, dhAtakIkhaNDa aura puSkara / puSkaradvIpa ke madhya meM AdhA bhAga -- isa prakAra DhAI dvIpa meM manuSyaloka hai| pRthvI ke madhya meM jambUdvIpa (eka lAkha yojana vistRta) ke cAroM aura lavaNa samudra (2 lAkha yojana vistRta) hai| lavaNa samudra ke cAroM ora ghAtakIkhaNDa (4 lAkha yojana vistRta) hai| - dhAtakIkhaNDa ke cAroM ora kAlodadhi (8 lAkha yojana vistRta ) hai / kAlodadhi ke cAroM ora puSkaradvIpa ( 16 lAkha yojana vistRta) hai / jambUdvIpa meM 7 kSetra haiM- bharata, haimavata, hari, videha, ramyaka, hairaNyavata, airaavt| inake vibhAjaka 6 kulaparvata haiM -- himavAna, mahAhimavAna, niSadha, nIla, rukmi, zikharI / sabase madhya meM vizAla videhakSetra hai / isake madhya meM meruparvata hai| bharatakSetra meM himAlaya se nikalakara pUrva samudra kI ora gaMgA tathA pazcima samudra kI ora sindhunadI bahatI haiN| bIca meM vindhyaparvata hai| ina donoM nadiyoM aura parvatoM se bharatakSetra ke 6 baMda ho gaye hai| ina para ekachatra (vijayArtha) zAsana karane vAlA zAsaka 'paTkhaNDa cakavartI' kahalAtA hai| gaMgA-sindhu kA madhyavartI deza 'AryakheDa' kahalAtA hai / isako 'madhyadeza' bhI kahate haiM / isameM hI tIkathaMroM Adi ne janma liyA / kAla vibhAga jainamAnyatAnusAra kAla kI sabase choTI avibhAjya ikAI 'samaya' aura sabase lambI ikAI 'kalpa kAla' hai / kalpakAla kA mAna bIsa koTAkoTi 'sAgara' hai, jo asaMkhya varSa jitanA hai / pratyeka kalpakAla ke do vibhAga haiM - avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI / jambUdvIpa meM avasarpiNI aura utsarpiNI ke rUpa meM kAlacakra ghUmatA rahatA hai / jaina mAnyatA meM vizva meM samasta jar3a cetana anAdi aura ananta haiN| isako na kisI ne banAyA aura na kabhI isakA vinAza hotA hai jagata ke upAdAna dravyoM meM hamezA parivartana hotA rahatA hai| isakA nimitta 'kAla' hai| .
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 398 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa kAlacakra meM avasarpiNI ke chaH aura utsa piNI ke cha: Are haiN| ina AroM ko 'yuga' yA 'kAla' bhI kahate haiM / avasarpiNI ke cha: kAla haiM-prathama kAla 'suSamA-suSamA', dvitIya kAla 'suSamA', tRtIya kAla 'suSamA-duSamA', caturtha kAla 'duSamA-suSamA', paMcama kAla 'duSamA' aura SaSThakAla 'duSamA-duSamA' hai| utsarpiNI meM isake viparIta kAla arthAt kramazaH chaThA, pA~cavA~, cauthA, tIsarA, dUsarA, pahalA hotA hai| avasarpiNI ke kAloM meM kramaza: avanati tathA utsarpiNI ke kAloM meM kramazaH unnati hotI hai| avasarpiNI ke pahale tIna kAloM meM yahA~ 'bhogabhUmi' kI racanA hotI hai| isa samaya manuSya khAna, pAna, zarIrAcchAdana Adi sAre kAma usa kAla ke vRkSoM se pUre karate haiM, ata: ina vRkSoM ko 'kalpavRkSa' kahate haiN| tIsare kAla ke anta meM 14 kulakara utpanna hote haiN| isa samaya 'karmabhUmi' kI racanA prArambha hotI hai / antima tIna kAloM meM yahA~ karmabhUmi kI racanA hotI hai| ye kulakara jIvoM ko vibhinna prakAra kI zikSAe~ dete haiM / prathama kulakara 'pratizruti' ne manuSya kI prathama bAra sUrya va candramA Adi ko dekhakara prakaTa kI gaI zaMkA kA nivAraNa kiyA, sUrya-candra ke udaya asta kA rahasya samajhAyA (taba se dina, kAla aura varSa kA prArambha huaa| vaha dina zrAvaNa kRSNA pratipadA kA prAta:kAla thaa)| unheM jyotiSa kI zikSA dI / grahoM ke jJAna se manuSya apane kArya calAne lge| dvitIya kulakara ne manuSya ko nakSatra aura tArA sambandhI zaMkAoM kA nivAraNa kara jyotiSa jJAna ko Age bddh'aayaa| yaha pahale jyotirvida the| antima kulakara nAbhirAja ne asi, masi, kRSi, vidyA-vANijya, zilpa aura udyoga ina SaTkarmoM kI zikSA dii| kucha vidvAn inake AviSkAraka nAbhirAja ke putra prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva ko mAnate haiN| isake bAda 24 tIrthakara (RSabha Adi), 12 cakravartI, 6 baladeva, 6 vAsudeva aura prativAsudeva, ye 63 (triSaSTi) 'zalAkA puruSa' cauthe kAla meM hue| mahAvIra nirvANa ke bAda pA~cavA~ duSamA kAla zurU huA, jo cAlU hai| isa krama se vartamAna mAnava sabhyatA kA vikAsa kramazaH huA hai| kulakaroM se pUrva kA kAla prIhisTorika aura unake bAda tIrthaMkaroM taka kA kAla proTohisTorika mAnA jAtA hai| isa prakAra jaina jyotiSa kI paramparA kulakaroM ke samaya se prArambha hotI hai, parantu jo sAhitya upalabdha hai, vaha bahuta bAda kA hai / sambhava hai, jyotiSa sambandhI prAcIna mAnyatAe~ usameM pAramparika rUpa se antanihita hoN| Agama-sAhitya meM jyotiSa sambandhI pramANa jaina Agama-granthoM meM jyotiSa sambandhI dina, mAsa, Rtu, ayana, varSa, yuga, grahaNa, graha, nakSatra Adi kA sthAnasthAna para vicAra AyA hai, AgamoM kA racanAkAla IsA kI pahalI zatI yA kucha bAda kA mAnA jAtA hai| praznavyAkaraNAMga (10/6) meM 12 mahInoM kI 12 pUrNamAsI aura amAvasyAoM ke nAma va unake phala batAye gaye haiN| zrAvaNa mAsa kI zraviSThA, bhAdrapada kI pauSThavatI, Azvina kI asoI, kArtika kI kRttikA, mArgazIrSa kI mRgazirA, pauSa kI pauSI, mAgha kA mAghI, phAlguna kI phAlgunI, caitra kI caitrI, baizAkha kI baizAkhI, jyeSTha kI mUlI aura ASAr3ha kI ASAr3hI pUrNimA hotI hai| ayana do hote haiM-uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyana / jaina mAnyatAnusAra jambUdvIpa ke bIca meM sumeru parvata hai| sUryacandra isa parvata kI parikramA karate haiM / parikramA kI gati se uttarAyaNa aura dakSiNAyana hote haiN| sumeru kI pradakSiNA ke inake gamanamArga yA vIthiyA~ 183 haiN| sUrya eka mArga ko do dina meM pUrA karatA hai, ata: 366 dina yA eka varSa meM yaha pradakSiNA pUrI hotI hai| sUrya jaba jambUdvIpa ke bhItarI mArga se bAhara lavaNasamudra kI ora jAtA hai, taba dakSiNAyana aura jaba sUrya lavaNa samudra ke bAharI antima mArga se calatA huA jambUdvIpa ke bhItarI mArga meM gamana karatA hai taba uttarAyaNa hotA hai / 'sthAnAMga' aura 'prazna-vyAkaraNAMga' meM sauravarSa kA vicAra milatA hai / 'samavAyAMga' meM 354 se kucha adhika dinoM kA cAndravarSa mAnA gayA hai| 'sthAnAMga' (5 / 3 / 10) meM pA~ca varSa kA eka yuga batAyA gayA hai| paMca-saMvatsarAtmaka yuga ke 5 bheda haiM-nakSatra, yuga, pramANa, lakSaNa aura zani / yuga ke bhI 5 bheda haiM-candra, candra, abhiddhita, candra aura abhivaddhita /
Page #8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSa : pragati aura paramparA 365 -.-.-.-.--.-.-.-... 'samavAyAMga' (6111) meM paMca varSAtmaka yuga ke pA~ca varSoM ke nAma diye haiM-candra, caMdra, abhivaddhita, candra aura abhivaddhita / pA~ca varSa ke yuga meM 61 RtumAsa hote haiM / praznavyAkaraNa aMga meM eka yuga ke dina aura pakSoM kA bhI nirUpaNa milatA hai| ina granthoM meM grahoM aura nakSatroM kA gambhIratA se vicAra milatA hai| 'praznavyAkaraNa' aga (1015) meM nakSatroM ke tIna varga batAye gaye haiM--kula, upakula aura kulopkul| yaha vibhAjana pratyeka mAha kI pUrNamAsI ko hone vAle nakSatroM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai / dhaniSThA, uttarAbhAdrapada, azvinI, kRttikA, mRgazira, puSya, maghA, uttarAphAlgunI, citrA, vizAkhA, mUla evaM uttarASADhA-ye 12 'kula' nakSatra haiN| zravaNa, pUrvAbhAdrapada, revatI, bharaNI, rohiNI, punarvasu, AzleSA, pUrvAphAlgunI, hasta, svAti, jyeSThA aura pUrvASADhA-ye 12 'upakula' nakSatra haiN| abhijit, zatabhiSa, ArdrA aura anu rAdhA ye 4 'kulopakula' saMjJaka nakSatra haiM / pratyeka mAsa kI pUrNimA ko pahalA nakSatra kula, dUsarA upakula aura tIsarA kulopakula kahalAtA hai| isa kathana se usa mahIne kA phalAdeza batAyA jAtA hai| 'samavAyAMga' (75) meM nakSatroM ke dizAdvAra batAye gaye haiN| kRttikA, rohiNI, mRgazirA, ArdrA, punarvasu, puSya, AzleSA ye 7 'pUrvadvAra'; maghA, pUrvAphAlgunI, uttarAphAlgunI, hasta, citrA, svAti aura vizAkhA ye 7 'dakSiNadvAra'; anurAdhA, jyeSThA, mUla, pUrvASAr3hA, uttarASAr3hA, abhijit aura zravaNa ye 7 'pazcimadvAra' tathA dhaniSThA, zatabhiSA, pUrvAbhAdrapada, uttarAbhAdrapada, revatI, azvinI, bharaNI ye 7 'uttaradvAra' vAle nakSatra haiN| 'sthAnAMga' (8 / 100) meM kRttikA, rohiNI, punarvasu, maghA, citrA, vizAkhA, anurAdhA aura jyeSThA ina 8 nakSatroM ko candra se sparzayoga karane vAle batAye haiN| grahoM kI saMkhyA 88 mAnI gaI hai| 'sthAnAMga' aura 'samavAyAMga' (881) meM inakA ullekha hai| 'praznavyAkaraNAMga' meM nau grahoM kA vicAra hai-sUrya, candra, maMgala, budha, guru, zukra, zani, rAhu aura ketu (dhuumketu)| 'samavAyAMga' (1 // 3) meM zukla-kRSNapakSa aura grahaNa kA kAraNa rAhu ko mAnA hai| rAhu ke do bheda batAye gaye haiM-nityarAhu aura parvarAhu / nitya-rAhu se candra ko pakar3ane ke kAraNa kRSNapakSa aura zuklapakSa tathA parvarAhu se caMdragrahaNa hotA hai| ketu kA dhvajadaNDa sUrya ke dhvajadaNDa se U~cA hai ataH bhramaNa karate hue ketu ke kAraNa sUryagrahaNa hotA hai| 'samavAyAMga' (884) meM dina-vRddhi aura dinahrAsa kI mImAMsA bhI batAyI gayI hai| AgamagraMthoM meM phalita jyotiSa sambandhI sthAna aura samaya kI zuddhi, Adi kA vicAra bhI milatA hai| Agama sAhitya tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI kA saMgraha hai| upalabdha Agama caubIsaveM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI vANI para -AdhArita hai| pahale ke tIrthaMkaroM kI vANI 'dRSTivAda' ke 'pUrvo' meM sanniviSTa thIM, jo aba anupalabdha hai| vartamAna upalabdha AgamoM meM pUrva pracalita prAcIna mAnyatAoM kA bhI avazya samAveza hai| Agama sAhitya kI pRSThabhUmi ke pariprekSya meM jyotiSa sambandhI Agama-granthoM kI carcA kreNge| nimna 'aMgabAhya' granthoM (sUtroM) kA inameM samAveza hotA hai 1. sUryaprajJapti (sUrapaNNatti I0 pU0 200 varSa)-zvetAmbara paramparA meM isakI gaNanA upAMgoM meM hotI hai| yaha pA~cavAM upAMga hai, isameM 20 pAhuDa (prAbhRta) aura 103 sUtra haiM / isameM sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra, mAsa Adi kI gatividhiyoM ke viSaya meM vistRta varNana milatA hai| sAtha hI dvIpoM va sAgaroM kA varNana diyA hai| sthAnAMga nAmaka aMga meM prajJapti kA ullekha hai| isa grantha kA atyanta mahattva hai, kyoMki isase prAcIna bhAratIya jyotiSa kI kI mAnyatAoM kA patA calatA hai| isameM pA~ca varSa kA yuga mAnakara sUrya aura candra kA gaNita kiyA gayA hai| sUrya ke udaya aura asta ke vicAra ke sAtha isameM do sUrya aura do candra kA siddhAnta pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| donoM sUrya ekAntara se gati karate haiM, ataH hameM eka hI sUrya dikhAyI detA hai| uttarAyaga meM sUrya lavaNasamudra ke bAharI mArga
Page #9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ -0 400 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha paMcama khaNDa meM sUrya jambUdvIpa ke bhItarI mArga nakSatroM ke svabhAva va guNa bhI jambUdvIpa kI ora AtA hai, ataH dinamAna kramazaH bar3hatA hai, tathA dakSiNAyaNa se lavaNasamudra kI ora kramazaH gati karatA hai, ataH dinamAna ghaTatA jAtA hai| batAye haiM / isase Age muhUrtazAstra vikasita huA / isameM paMca patAkA yuga mAnakara tithi, nakSatrAdi kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha para bhadrabAhu ne niyukti aura malayagira ne saMskRta TIkA likhI hai| isakA prakAzana saM0 1999 maiM malayagiri kI TIkA sahita Agamodaya samiti bambaI ne kiyA hai| (2) candraprajJapti ( caMdapaNNatti ) - isakA bhI upAMgoM meM samAveza hai| yaha sAtavA~ upAMga hai| isakA viSaya bhI sUryaprajJapti ke samAna hai| parantu adhika mahattvapUrNa hai, isameM 20 prAbhRta haiN| isameM candra kI paribhramaNa gati, vimAna Adi kA varNana hai / candra kI pratidina yojanAtmikA gati batAyI gayI hai| isameM 19veM prAbhRta meM candramA ko svataH prakAzamAna batAyA gayA hai| isake ghaTane-bar3hane kA kAraNa rAhu graha hai / chAyA-sAdhana aura chAyA-pramANa para se dinamAna kA jJAna batAyA hai| kIlakacchAyA va puruSacchAyA kA vivecana hai| vastuoM kI chAyA kA varNana bhI hai| isI se Age gaNita, jyotiSa kA vikAsa huaa| caukasI ne sampAdita kara san 1938 meM ahamadAbAda se prakAzita kiyA hai| gola, trikoNa aura caukora yaha grantha pro0 gopAnI aura (3) jambUdvIpaprajJapti (ambuddIpayati ) - isake do bhAga haiM--pUrvArdha aura uttarA pahale bhAga ke 4 pari chedoM meM jambUdvIpa aura bharatakSetra tathA usake parvatoM, nadiyoM Adi kA evaM utsarpiNIya avasarpiNI nAmaka kAla vibhAga kA tathA kulakaroM, tIpaMkaroM, cakravatiyoM Adi kA vivaraNa hai| (4) gaNividyA (gaNivikjA) dasa prakIrNakoM meM AThavA gaNivijjA hai| isameM 62 gAthAe~ haiM jisameM divasa, tithi, nakSatra, karaNa, graha, muhUrta zakuna Adi kA vicAra kiyA hai| isa dRSTi se yaha jyotiSa kI mahatvapUrNa kRti hai, isameM lagna aura horA kA bhI ullekha hai / , (5) jyotiSakaraMDaka ( joisakaraMDana) (60 50 100 ) - isako bhI prakIrNaka granthoM meM hI zAmila kiyA jAtA hai| isakA prakAzana ratalAma se 1928 meM ho cukA hai| mudrita prati meM 'pUrvabhRda bAlabhya prAcInatarAcArya' kRta aisA ullekha hone se isakI racanA atyanta prAcIna pramANita hotI hai, isameM 376 gAthAe~ haiM aura bhASA jaina mahArASTrI prAkRta hai / isameM ullekha hai ki isakI racanA sUryaprajJapti ke AdhAra para saMkSepa meM kI gayI hai / isa grantha meM 21 pAhuDa haiM--kAlapramANa, mAna, adhikamAsa niSpatti, tithi - niSpatti, omaratta (hInarAtri), nakSatraparimANa, candra-sUrya parimANa, nakSatra-candra-sUrya-gati nakSatrayoga, maNDalavibhAga, ayana, AvRtti, muhUrtagati Rtu viSuvat (ahorAtrasamatva ), vyatipAta, tApa, divasavRddhi, amAvasa - paurNamAsI, pranaSTaparva aura pauruSI / isameM grIka jyotiSa se pUrvavartI viSyaka kAla ke lanna- siddhAnta kA pratipAdana hai| isase yaha grIkoM se pahale kI praNAlI nizcita hotI hai| jaise nakSatroM kI viziSTa sthiti 'rAzi' kahalAtI hai vaise hI isa grantha meM nakSatroM kI viziSTa dazA ko lagna kahA gayA hai / " bhASA va zailI se yaha grantha I0 pUrva 300-400 varSa kA hai / 7 1 nizIcUrNa ( 12 ) isameM vivAhapaTala' (vivAhapaTala) jo vivAha ke samaya tathA 'ardhakAMDa' (agdhakAMDa), jo vyApAra meM kAma AtA thA, nAmaka jyotiSa granthoM kA ullekha milatA hai / karaNAnuyoga sAhitya meM digambara paramparA meM lokavibhAga, tiloyapaNNatti, trilokasAra aura jambUdvIpaprajJapti kA antarbhAva kiyA jAtA hai| lokavibhAga - yaha mUlagrantha prAkRta meM rahA hogA, jo anupalabdha hai| isakA bAda meM siMhasUri ne saMskRta pacAnuvAda kiyA thA / siMhasUri kI sUcanA ke anusAra yaha mUla grantha kAMcI ke rAjA siMhavarmA ke 22 veM saMvatsara (zaka saM0 380 ) meM sarvanaMdimuni ne pAMDya rAjya ke pATalika grAma meM likhA thA kundakunda ne niyamasAra ( gAthA 17) meM isakA .
Page #10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSa : pragati aura paramparA 401 ...... ................ .............. .... ................ .. .......... . ..... ullekha kiyA hai| siMhasUri ke saMskRta anuvAdita grantha meM 2230 gAthAe~ aura 11 vibhAga haiM, isameM se eka jyotirloka sambandhI hai| zeSa bhUgola evaM khagola sambandhI haiN| isameM tiloyapaNNatti, trilokasAra Adi kA ullekha hone se isakA racanakAla 11vIM zatI ke bAda kA hai| trilokaprajJapti (tiloyapaNNatti)-prAkRta gAthAoM meM yativRSabhAcArya dvArA viracita / isameM 5677 gAthAe~ aura 6 mahAdhikAra haiM--sAmAnyaloka, narakaloka, bhavanavAsIloka, manuSyaloka, tiryakloka, vyantaraloka, jyotirloka, devaloka aura siddhaloka / vIrasenakRta dhavalATIkA meM isa grantha kA anekazaH ullekha milatA hai| ataH isakA racanAkAla 500 se 800 I0 ke bIca pramANita hotA hai| jyotirloka meM sUrya, candra, graha, nakSatra aura tAroM kI sthiti, gati Adi kA varNana hai| trilokasAra-nemicaMdra siddhAntacakravartikRta / isameM 1018 prAkRta gAthAe~ haiM / yaha adhyAyoM meM vibhakta nahIM hai, parantu isameM viSayoM sambandhI kI gayI prArambhika pratijJA ke anusAra viSayoM kA vivecana hai, jisameM loka-sAmAnya, bhavana, vyantara, jyotiSa, vaimAnika aura nara-tiryaka loka kA varNana hai| varNana saMkSipta hai| yaha 11vIM zatI kI racanA hai| jambUdvIpaprajJapti-padmanandikRta racanA hai / isameM 2386 gAthAe~ haiM / isameM 13 uddezya haiM, jinameM eka jyotiloka hai| zeSa dvIpoM, khagola, bhUgola sambandhI haiN| isakI racanA pAriyAtradezAntargata vArA nagara meM rAjA saMti yA satti ke kAla meM huI thii| padmanandi ke guru balinaMdi the jo vIranaMdi ke ziSya the| zvetAmbara paramparA meM isa viSaya para sUryaprajJapti, candraprajJapti aura jambUdvIpaprajJapti ke atirikta kSetra samAsa' aura 'saMgrahaNI' nAmaka kRtiyA~ milatI haiN| ina donoM ke lekhaka jinabhadragaNI the| paravartI vidvAnoM aura TIkAkAroM ne ina donoM granthoM ke kaI choTe-bar3e saMskaraNa banA DAle haiM, inameM jambUdvIpa, kAlagaNanA Adi kA varNana hai| dhavalA aura jayadhavalA TIkAe~-dakSiNa meM AcArya vIrasena I0 8vIM-6vIM zatI ke mahAn digambara AcArya hue| unhoMne dharasenAcAryakRta zaurasainI prAkRta ke 'SaTkhaNDAgama' (karmaprAbhRta) para 'dhavalA' TIkA (racanA kAla vi0 saM0 873, I0 san 816) pA~ca khaNDoM meM likhI, isameM 72 hajAra zloka haiN| isake atirikta vIrasena ne 'kaSAyapAhuDa' para 20 hajAra zlokoM meM vyAkhyA likhI kintu unakA svargavAsa ho jAne se yaha apUrNa raha gyii| ise unake hI ziSya AcArya jinasena ne 40 hajAra zloka pramANa TIkA aura likhakara pUrNa kiyaa| 'kaSAyapAhuDa' kI racanA 233 gAthAoM meM AcArya dharasena ke prAyaH samakAlika AcArya guNadhara ne kI thii| AcArya vIrasena ke guru Aryanandi the| vIrasena ke ziSya AcArya jinasena hue aura jinasena ke ziSya AcArya guNabhadra hue| guNabhadra ne uttarapurANa kI racanA kii| vIrasena kA janma vi0 saM0 765 (zaka saM0 660) aura svargavAsa vi0 saM0880 (zaka saM0 745) meM huA thaa| vIrasenAcArya acche gaNitajJa the| unhoMne apanI TIkAoM meM gaNita ke aneka niyamoM ko spaSTa kiyA hai| dhavalA TIkA meM gaNita sambandhI vivecana meM parikarma kA ullekha kiyA hai| aneka sUtroM kA artha aura prayojana gaNita se spaSTa kiyA hai / vIrasenAcArya kA dRSTikoNa vaijJAnika aura gaNitIya siddhAntoM para AdhArita thaa| jyotiSa ke bhI ina TIkAoM meM bar3I saMkhyAoM kA upayoga varNana, zalAkA gaNana, viralana deya guNana, anantarAziyoM kA kalana, rAziyoM ke vizleSaNa hetu aneka vidhiyA~ Adi viSaya diye haiN| inameM jyotiSa sambandhI vicAra bhI spaSTa kiye gaye haiN| 'dhavalA' TIkA meM 15 muhUrta batAye haiM-raudra, zveta , maitra, sAragaTa, daitya, vairocana, vaizvadeva, abhijit, rohaNa, bala, vijaya, naiRtya, varuNa, aryaman aura bhaagn| AcArya vIrasena ke prAyaH samakAlIna prasiddha gaNita-jyotiSAcArya mahAvIra hue, jo rASTrakUTa rAjA amoghavarSa 'nRpatuga' ke sabhAsada the|
Page #11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 402 +++ karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha paMcama khaNDa jyotiSa sambandhI jaina grantha evaM granthakAra umAsyAmi (I0 prathama va dvitIya zatI) - inake tatvArthasUtra' grantha meM jyotiSa sambandhI siddhAntoM kA nirUpaNa hai / cauthe adhyAya meM graha, nakSatra, prakIrNaka aura tAroM kA varNana hai / kAlakAcArya ( I0 tIsarI zatI) jaina paramparA meM AcArya kAlaka kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| ye jyotiSa aura nimitta ke jJAtA the / prAkRta meM inake dvArA viracita 'kAlakasaMhitA' nAmaka jyotiSa sambandhI grantha batAyA jAtA hai / yaha anupalabdha hai / varAhamihira ke 'vRhajjAtaka' (16 / 1 ) kI 'utpala TIkA' meM isake do prAkRta padya uddhRta haiM / kAlakasUri kA nimitta grantha bhI thA / RSiputra ( I0 650 ) - ye garma nAmaka AcArya ke putra the - varAhamihira ke pUrvavartI the| inakA likhA nimitazAstra' nAmaka jyotiSa kA jJAna inheM pitA se milA thaa| ye gandha hai| yaha saMhitA sambandhI hai| haribhadrasUri (8vIM zatI) - muni jinavijayajI ne inakA kAla saM0 758 se 827 pramANita kiyA hai (jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka, varSa 1, aMka 1) rAjasthAna ke jaina vidvAnoM meM inakA nAma agraNI hai ye citrakUTa (citaur3a) ke nivAsI the| janma se ye brAhmaNa jAti ke the, bAda meM sAdhvI vAkinI mahattarA se pratibodhita hokara AcArya jinadattasUri ke pAsa dIkSA lii| ye saMskRta aura prAkRta ke prakANDa paNDita hue / Agama sAhitya ke prathama TIkAkAra ke rUpa meM inakI prasiddhi hai / inake 'samarAiccakahA' aura 'dhUrttAkhyAna' prAkRta ke zreSTha kathA- grantha haiM / inakA sAhitya bahuvidha aura vizAla hai / jyotiSa para inhoMne laggasuddhi (lagnazuddhi) grantha likhA hai| yaha prAkRta meM hai| ise lagnakuNDalikA bhI kahate haiN| isameM 133 gAthAe~ haiM yaha jAtaka yA horA sambandhI grantha hai| isameM lagna ke phala, gocara zuddhi Adi kA vivaraNa hai| mahAvIrAcA (8500 ke yaha dakSiNa meM karnATaka pradeza ke nivAsI digambara jaina vidvAna the| inako mAnyakheTa ke rASTrakUTa rAjA amoghavarSa prathama ( 793 - 814 I0) kA rAjyazraya prApta thA / isa rAjA ke kAla meM jaina dharma kI unnati huI / sAhitya, kalA aura vijJAna ke kSetra meM bhI paryApta protsAhana milA / mahAvIrAcArya gaNita aura jyotiSa ke prakANDa vidvAna the| isake lie unakA yogadAna atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| mahAvIrAcArya kI jyotiSa para jyotiSapaTala tathA gaNita para gaNitasArasaMgraha aura batrizikA nAmaka kRtiyA~ milatI haiM / gaNita aura jyotiSa kA ghaniSTha sambandha hai / 1. jyotiSapaTala - isameM graha, nakSatra aura tAroM ke saMsthAna, gati, sthiti saMkhyA ke viSaya meM varNana hai / yaha kRti apUrNa milatI hai| sambhavataH yaha gaNitasArasaMgraha para AdhArita hai| 2. gaNitasArasaMgraha -- isameM 8 prakaraNa haiM-- saMjJAdhikAra, parikarmavyavahAra, kalA-savarNa vyavahAra, prakIrNavyavahAra, zikavyavahAra, mizravyavahAra, kSetra- gaNitavyavahAra, khAtavyavahAra aura chAyAvyavahAra Arambha meM 'saMjJAdhikAra' meM gaNita ko saba zAstroM meM mahatvapUrNa aura upayogI batAyA gayA hai| isameM 24 aMka taka saMkhyAoM kA ullekha hai / laghusamAvartaka kA AviSkAra mahAvIrAcArya kI mahAn dena hai / 3. trizikA -- yaha laghu kRti hai / isameM bIjagaNita ke vyavahAra diye haiM / zrIdhara (10vIM zatI) - yaha karnATaka kA nivAsI thA / prArambha meM zaiva brAhmaNa thA, parantu bAda meM jaina dhama aMgIkAra kara liyA thA / yaha jyotiSa aura gaNita kA prakANDa paNDita thA / isane saMskRta meM gaNitasAra aura jyotijJaninidhi tathA kannar3a meM jAtakatilaka granthoM kI racanA kI thii| 1. gaNitasAra - yaha gaNita kA uttama grantha hai| isameM abhinnaguNaka, bhAgahAra, varga, vargamUla, ghana, ghanamUla, samaccheda Adi ke sAtha rAzi vyavahAra, chAyAvyavahAra Adi gaNitoM kA varNana hai / .
Page #12
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSa : pragati aura paramparA 403 . . ............... ...-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-. 2. jyotirjJAnanidhi-prArambhika jyotiSa sambandhI upayogI grantha hai| isameM vyavahAropayogI muhUrta bhI diye haiN| 3. jAtakatilaka-yaha kannar3a meM horA aura jAtaka sambandhI kRti hai| isameM lagna, graha, grahayoga aura janma-. kuNDalI sambandhI phalAdeza batAye haiM / dakSiNa bhArata meM isa grantha kA bahuta pracAra rahA / gaNitasAra para upakezagacchIya siddhasUri kI TIkA bhI hai| durgadeva (1032 I.)-yaha prasiddha digambara jaina vidvAna the / inake guru kA nAma saMyamadeva thA / inake tIna grantha prApta haiM - 1. riTThasamuccaya (riSTasamuccaya)-isakI bhASA mukhyatayA zaurasenI prAkRta hai| ise kumbhanagara (kumbheragar3ha, bharatapura, rAjasthAna) meM rAjA lakSmInivAsa ke rAjyakAla meM likhA thaa| isameM riSTa arthAt maraNasUcaka lakSaNoM kA vicAra hai / yaha siMghI jaina granthamAlA bambaI se 1945 I0 meM prakAzita ho cukA hai| zakunoM aura zubhAzubha nimittoM kA saMgraha hai| 2. agghakANDa (arghakANDa)-yaha prAkRta meM hai| jyotiSa granthoM meM 'artha' sambandhI adhyAya milatA hai, parantu isa zIrSaka se kevala yahI svatantra grantha milatA hai / grayoga ke anusAra kisI vastu ke kharIdane yA becane se lAbha hone kA varNana hai| 3. SaSTisaMvatsaraphala-yaha laghukRti hai isameM sATha saMvatsaroM ke phala kA varNana hai| narapati (1175 I0) yaha dhArA nivAsI Amradeva ke putra the| isane aNahillapura ke rAjA ajayapAla ke kAla meM saM0 1232 (1175 I.) meM AzApallI nAmaka sthAna meM narapatijayacaryA grantha kI racanA kI thii| isameM mAtRkA Adi svaroM ke AdhAra para zakuna dene kI vidhi dI hai, isameM yAmalagranthoM kA bhI ullekha hai| isa para vi0 18vIM zatI meM kharataragacchIya harSanidhAna ke ziSya puNyatilaka ne TIkA likhI hai| anya jainetara harivaMza kI TIkA bhI milatI hai| naracandrasUri (1223 I0)-yaha maladhArIgaccha ke AcArya devaprabhasUri ke ziSya the| inakA jyotiSa para jyotissAra grantha prApta hai| jyotissAra-ise 'nAracandra jyotiSa' bhI kahate haiM / isakI racanA saM0 1280 (1223 I0) meM huI / tithi, vAra, nakSatra, yoga, rAzi, candra, tArakAbala, bhadrA, kulika, upakulika, kaMTaka, arthaprahara, kAlavelA Adi 48 viSayoM kA vivecana hai / isa para sAgaracandra muni ne 'TippaNa' likhA hai| udayaprabhadevasUri (1223 I0)-yaha nAgendragacchIya AcArya vijayasenasUri ke ziSya the| udayaprabhadevasUri ke malliSeNasUri aura jinaprabhasUri ziSya the / jyotiSa para inakA Arambhasiddhi grantha hai| Arambhasiddhi-ise 'vyavahAracaryA' aura 'paMcavimarza' bhI kahate haiM / isakA racanAkAla saM0 1280 (1223 I0) hai / saMskRta padyoM meM muhUrta sambandhI uttama grantha hai| isameM pA~ca 'vimarza' aura 11 'dvAra' haiN| isameM pratyeka kArya ke zubhAzubha muhUrtoM kA varNana hai| isa para AcArya ratnazekharasUri ke ziSya hemahaMsagaNi ne saM0 1514 meM 'sudhIzRMgAra' nAmaka vArtika likhA hai| padmaprabhasUri (1237 I0)-yaha nAgapurIya tapAgaccha ke saMsthApaka aura vAdidevasUri ke ziSya the| inakA nivAsa sthAna rAjasthAna thA / inhoMne jyotiSa para bhuvanadIpaka grantha likhA hai| bhavanadIpaka-ise 'grahabhAvaprakAza' bhI kahate haiN| isakA racanAkAla saM0 1294 (1237 I0) hai| choTA hone para bhI mahattvapUrNa grantha hai / isameM jyotiSa ke aneka viSaya diye haiN| isa para siMhatilakasUrikRta 'bhuvanadIpakavRtti', muni hematilaka kRta 'bhuvanadIpakakRtti', jainetara daivajJaziromaNikRta 'bhuvanadIpakavRtti' TIkAe~ prApta haiN|
Page #13
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ -0 O 404 ** karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha paMcama khaNDa hemaprabhasUri ( 1248 I0 ) - yaha devendrasUri ke ziSya the| inhoMne tAjika jyotiSa para tralokya prakAza nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI hai| isakA racanAkAla saM0 1305 (1248 I0 ) hai / isameM muslima lagnazAstra kA varNana hai / jyotiSa-yogoM se zubhAzubha phala batAye haiM / inakA dUsarA grantha meghazAlA hai / yaha nimitta sambandhI grantha hai / isakA racanAkAla bhI saM0 1305 ke lagabhaga hai / naracandra upAdhyAya (1266 I0 ) - yaha kA sahadgaccha ke udyotanasUri ke ziSya siMhari ke ziSya the| devAnandari inake vidyAguru the| jyotiSa para inake aneka grantha aura una para TIkAe~ likhI milatI haiM--- 1. janmasamudra ( racanAkAla saM0 1323 1266 I0) yaha jAtaka sambandhI grantha hai| isameM 'kallola' haiN| 2. ber3AjAtakavRtti - ' janmasamudra' para svaracita TIkA hai| racanA samaya saM0 1324 mAgha zukla aSTamI ravivAra - diyA hai| 3. praznazataka- - ( racanAkAla saM0 1324 ) isameM lagabhaga sau praznoM kA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai / 4. praznazataka avacUri- uparyukta para svopajJa TIkA hai / 5. jJAnacatuvizikA ( racanAkAla saM0 1225) isa choTI kRti meM lagnAnayana, putrapuSI-jJAna, jayapRcchA Adi viSaya hai| 6. jJAnacatuvizikA - uparyukta para TIkA hai / 7. jJAnadIpikA ( racanA 0 1325) - 8. lagnavicAra - ( racanA saM0 1325 ) 9. jyotiSaprakAza ( racanA saM0 1225) phalita jyotiSa sambandhI / 10. caturvizikoddhAra - ( racanA saM0 1325) prazna- lagna sambandhI / 11. catuvaMzikoddhAra - avacUri- uparyukta para svopajJa avacUri / Thakkura pherU (13-14vIM zatI) - yaha rAjasthAna ke kannANA grAma ke zvetAmbara zrAvaka zrImAlavaMzIya caMdra ke putra the / inako dillI ke sulatAna alAuddIna khilajI ne apanA koSAdhikArI (khajAMcI) niyukta kiyA thA / inake 8 grantha milate haiM / 'yugapradhAnacatuSpadikA' (racanA saM0 1347 = 1260 I0 ) apabhraMzamizrita lokabhASA meM hai / zeSa kRtiyAM prAkRta meM haiN| inakI gaNita para gaNitasArakaumudI aura jyotiSa para jyotisAra grantha hai| 1. gaNitasAra kaumudI -- yaha mahAvIrAcArya ke gaNitasArasaMgraha aura bhAskarAcArya ke lIlAvatI para AdhArita hai| 2. jyotisAra (racanA saM0 12721312 I0) isameM bAra 'dvAra' haiM-dina-zuddhidvAra, vyavahAradvAra gaNitadvAra, lgndvaar| isameM pUrvavartI granthakAroM kA ullekha hai / arhadAsa (1300 I0 ) - yaha 'aTThakavi' ke nAma se prasiddha hai / yaha karnATaka nivAsI the / inhoMne kannar3a meM jyotiSa para aTThamata nAmaka mahattvapUrNa grantha likhA hai| isameM varSA ke cihna, Akasmika lakSaNa, zakuna, vAyucakra, gRhapraveza, bhUkampa Adi viSayoM kA nirUpaNa hai / inakA kAla 1300 I0 ke lagabhaga hai / bhAskara kavi ne zAke 14vIM zatI meM isakA telugu meM anuvAda kiyA thA / mahendrasUri (1370 I0 ) - yaha AcArya madanasUri ke ziSya the| yaha dillI ke phirojazAha tugalaka ke sabhApaNDita the / 'yantrarAja' inakI grahagaNita para acchI kRti hai / racanAkAla zaka saM0 1292 (1370 I0 ) hai / isameM vibhinna yantroM kI sahAyatA se sabhI grahoM kA sAdhana batAyA hai / inake hI ziSya malayendusari ne isa para TIkA likhI hai / .
Page #14
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSa : pragati aura paramparA guNAkarasUri ( 15vIM zatI) - inakA jAtaka sambandhI horAmakaranda grantha milatA hai| isameM 31 adhyAya haiM / ratnazekharasUri (15vIM zatI) -- inhoMne prAkRta meM dinasudi ( dinazuddhi) nAmaka jyotiSa grantha likhA hai / megharala (1493 I0) yaha vaDagacchIya vinayasundarasUri ke ziSya the| inhoMne saM0 1550 ke lagabhaga ustara lAvayaMtra nAmaka jyotiSantha likhA hai| isa para saMskRta meM svopaza TIkA hai| muni bhaktilAma (1514 60 ) - yaha kharataragacchIya muniratnacandra ke ziSya the| inhoMne vArAhamihira ke 'laghujAtaka' para saM0 1571 (1514 I0) meM vikramapura (bIkAnera) meM TIkA likhI hai / sAghurAja (16vIM zatI) - yaha barataragacchIya sAdhu the| inhoMne jyotiSacatuzikA TIkA likhI hai| - muni matisAgara (16vIM zatI) -- inhoMne saM0 1602 (1545 I0 ) meM varAhamihira 'laghujAtaka' para bhASA meM 'vacana' likhI hai / inhoMne isa para vArtika bhI likhA hai / 405 hIrakalaza (1564 I0 --- 1600 I0 ) - yaha khataragacchIya harSaprabha ke ziSya the| mAravAr3a kSetra (jodhapurabIkAnera) ke nivAsI the, jyotiSa para inake do grantha haiM (1) joisasAra (jyotiSasAra ) yaha prAkRta meM hai| racanA saM0 1621 (1564 60) nAgaura / (2) hIrakalasa joisahIra racanA saM0 1657 (1600 I0) rAjasthAnI meM padoM meM likhA gayA hai| kRpAvijaya (1578 I0 ) - yaha tapAgacchIya muni the| inhoMne zaka saM0 1500 meM mor3ha dinakara kRta 'candrArkI' para TIkA likhI hai / vinayakuzala (1565 I0 ) - yaha AcArya vijayasenasUri ke ziSya the| prAkRta meM khagola- jyotiSa sambandhI maMDalaprakaraNa grantha likhA hai| isa para svayaM likhI hai| munisundara (1568 I0 ) - yaha rudrapallIgacchIya jinasundarasUri ke ziSya the| inhoMne saM0 1655 (1568 I0 ) jyotiSa gaNita para karaNarAja yA karaNara rAjagaNita likhA hai| isameM 10 adhyAya haiM / inhoMne saM0 1652 (1595 I0) meM lekhaka ne saM0 1652 meM svopajJaTIkA hI (1603 I0 ) - yaha nAgorI tapagacchIya AcArya candrakIrtiri ke ziSya the| rAjasthAna ke - nivAsI the / vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa, vaidyaka, chanda aura koSa ke acche vidvAn the| jyotiSa para inake tIna grantha haiM (1) jyotissArasaMgraha ( jyotiSasAroddhAra ) - racanA saM0 1660 = 1603 I0 (2) janmapatrIpaddhati (3) vivAhapaTala-bAlAvabodha jayaratnagaNi (1605 I0 ) - yaha pUrNimAkSa ke AcArya bhAvaratna ke ziSya the| inhoMne tryaMbAvatI (khaMbhAta gujarAta) meM saM0 1662 (1605 I0) meM 'jvaraparAjaya' nAmaka vaidyaka grantha tathA jyotiSa para doSaratnAvalI ya : jJAnaratnAvalI grantha kI racanA kI thI / zrIsAropAdhyAya (17vIM zatI) - inakA jyotiSa para janma strIvicAra nAmaka grantha milatA hai| samayasundara ( 1625 I0 ) - upAdhyAya samaya sundara ne lUNakaraNasara (bIkAnera) meM apane praziSya vAcaka apakIti ke sahayoga se 0 1605 (1620 I0) meM jyotiSa para dIkSApratiSThAddhi prantha likhA hai isameM 12 adhyAya haiM / kIrtivarddhana yA kesa (17vIM zatI) - yaha AdhapakSIya muni dayAratna ke ziSya the| inhoMne mer3atA meM janmaprakAzikA jyotiSa kI racanA kI hai / - lAbhodaya (17vIM zatI) yaha upAdhyAya bhuvanakIti ke ziSya the| inakA jyotiSa para balirAmAnandasAra saMgraha grantha hai| yaha saMgrahakRti hai| .
Page #15
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 406 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa sumatiharSa ( 1616 I0 ) - yaha aMcalagacchIya harSaratnamuni ke ziSya the / jyotiSa para inake 5 (pA~ca) grantha haiM 1 (1) jAtakapaddhati - TIkA - zrIpatikRta 'jAtaka paddhati' para TIkA / racanA saM0 1673 / (2) tAjikasAra TIkA-haribhaTTa (haribhadra) kRta 'tAjikasAra' para TIkA racanA saM0 1677 / (3) karaNakutUhala - TIkA - bhAskarAcAryakRta karaNakutUhala' para TIkA / racanA saM0 1667 / (4) horAmakaranda - TIkA - racanA saM0 1670 / (5) bRhatparvamAlA - maulika grantha hai / dhanarAja (1625 I0) - yaha aMcalagacchIya muni bhojarAja ke ziSya the| meM padmAvatIpatana meM mahAdevakRta 'mahAdeva sAraNI' para dIpikA-TIkA likhI hai| bhAvaratna yA bhAvaprabhasUri ( 1655 I0 ) - yaha pUrNimAgaccha ke muni the| inhoMne vyaMbAvatI meM 'jyotirvidAbharaNa' para saM0 1712 (1655 I0) meM 'subodhinI-vRtti, nAmaka TIkA likhI hai| mahimodaya (1664 0 ) - yaha kharataragacchIya matihaMsa ke ziSya the| ye gaNita evaM phalita jyotiSa ke prakANDa paNDita the / jyotiSa para inake nimna grantha milate haiM inhoMne saM0 1692 (163560) yazovijayagaNi (1673 I0 ) - nayanavijayagaNi ke ziSya upAdhyAya yazovijayagaNi ne saM0 1730 (1673 I0) meM phalAphalaviSayaka praznapatra nAmaka jyotiSa para choTA sA grantha likhA thaa| isameM cAra 'ca' hai aura pratyeka caka meM sAta 'koSThaka' haiM / (1) jyotiSaratnAkara (racanA saM0 17221665 60 ) - yaha phalita jyotiSa kA grantha hai| (2) janmapatrIpaddhati ( racanA saM0 1721 = 1664 I0 ) / (2) gaNita sATha sau (racanA saM0 1733) gaNita viSayaka grantha / (4) SaTpaMcAzikA-ThIkA- varAhamihira ke putra pRthuvaza kRta 'paTpaMcAzikA' para TIkA (5) kheTasiddhi (6) paMcAgAnayanavidhi ( racanA saM0 1722) (7) premajyotiSa vijayagaNa (1680 I0 ) ye tapAgacchIya sAdhu ye mAravAr3a kSetra (rAjasthAna) ke nivAsI the| 'sipti' kI racanA saM0 1737 (1600 I0) meM sAdar3I meM kI thii| jyotiSa para inake nimna grantha milate haiM prakaraNa hai| ise meghamahodaya bhI kahate haiM ( racanA saM (1) varSabodha isameM 15 adhikAra aura 25 1732 se pUrva ) / muhUrta (2) udayadIpikA ( racanA saM0 1752) / (4) hastasaMjIvana ( racanA saM0 1735) / ( 6 ) praznasundarI / (3) prazna sundarI ( racanA saM0 1755 ) / (5) ramalazAstra ( racanA saM0 1735) / (7) vIzAyaMtravidhi aura (1) vivAhapaTala isameM nakSatra, nADIbeghamaMtra, rAzisvAmI grahazuddhi, vivAhanakSatra, candra-sUrya spaSTIkaraNa, ekArgala, godhUlikA phala Adi kA varNana hai / (2) camatkAracitAmaNi- TIkA- rAjarSibhaTTa kRta 'camatkAcitAmaNi' para TIkA / racanA saM0 1737 / lAbhavarddhana (lAlacaMda ) (saM0 1636 I0 ) - yaha kharataragacchIya jainayati the aura zAMtiharSa ke ziSya the| inakA mUla nAma lAlacaMda thaa| inhoMne saM0 1739 (1602 I0) meM bIkAnera meM lIlAvatI gaNita-bhASA, saM0 1736 (1909 I0) meM gUr3A meM aMkaprastAra nAmaka gaNita sambandhI grantha likhe| saM0 1753 meM svarodaya bhASA aura saM0 1770 meM zAstra para zakunadIpikA caupaI likhii| inake bhASA kAvya sambandhI anya grantha bhI prApta haiN| ubhayakuzala ( 1680 I0 ) - inakA anya nAma 'abhayakuzala' hai| yaha kharataragacchIya muni puNyaharSa ke ziSya the / jAtaka ke acche vidvAn the| jyotiSa para inake do grantha haiM .
Page #16
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSa : pragati aura paramparA 407 . ........... . ................ ............ . .... . .. .. . ... . . . . ..... lakSmIvallabha upAdhyAya (1684 I.)--ye kharataragacchIya lakSmIkIti ke ziSya the| inhoMne saM0 1741 meM zaMbhunAthakRta 'kAlajJAna' kA padyamaya bhASAnuvAda kAlajJAnabhASA kiyA hai| jJAnabhUSaNa (1693 I0)- inhoMne saM0 1750 (1663 I.) meM jyotiSa para jyotiprakAza grantha likhA hai| dUsarA grantha kheTacUlA hai| yaha bhI jyotiSa para hai| labdhicaMdragaNi (1664 I0)-yaha kharataragacchIya muni kalyANanidhAna ke ziSya the| inake jyotiSa para do grantha haiM1. janmapatrIpaddhati-racanA saM0 1751 2. lAlacandIyapaddhati-jAtaka sambandhI grantha hai| yazasvatasAgara (1703 I.)-inakA anya nAma jasavaMtasAgara thaa| yaha cAritrasAgara ke ziSya kalyANasAgara ke ziSya the| ye rAjasthAna ke nivAsI the / jyotiSa, nyAya, vyAkaraNa aura darzana ke vidvAna the / jyotiSa para inake ye grantha haiM (1) grahalAghava-vAtika-racanA saM0 1760 (1703 I0) hai| gaNezakRta 'grahalAghava' kA ttiikaa| (2) yazorAjIpaddhati-racanA saM0 1762 (1705 ii0)| yaha janmakuNDalI sambandhI vyAvahArika grantha hai| lakSmIcaMda (1703 I0)-yaha pArzvacaMdragacchIya jagaccadra ke ziSya the| inhoMne saM0 1760 (1703 I0) meM jyotiSa para gaNasAraNI grantha likhA hai| isameM tithi, nakSatra Adi kI gaNanAe~ dI haiN| jayadharma (1705) I0-yaha jaina yati paM0 lakSmIcaMda ke ziSya the| inhoMne saM0 1762 (1705 I.) meM pAnIpata meM hindI padyoM meM zakunapradIpa kI racanA kI hai| lakSmI vinaya (1710 I0)-yaha kharataragacchIya abhayamANikya ke ziSya the| inhoMne padmaprabhasUrikRta bhavanadIpaka para saM0 1767 (1710 I0) meM bAlAvabodha TIkA likhI hai| lakSmIvijaya (1710 I0)--yaha kharataragacchIya muni the| inhoMne haribhadra kRta 'bhuvanadIpaka' para saM0 1767 (1710 I0) meM TIkA likhI hai| bAghajI muni (1726 I.)-yaha pArzvacaMdragacchIya zAkhA ke jaina yati the| inakA kAla saM0 1783 (1726 I0) hai| inake jyotiSa para tithisAraNI Adi tIna-cAra grantha milate haiM / labdhodaya (18vIM zatI)--yaha kharataragacchIya jJAnarAja ke ziSya the / inhoMne horAvabodha likhA hai| ratnajaya (18vIM zatI)--yaha kharataragacchIya ratnarAjagaNi ke ziSya the| inhoMne janmapatrIpaddhati grantha likhA hai| puNyatilaka (18vIM zatI)-yaha kharataragacchIya harSanidhAna ke ziSya the| jyotiSa para inhoMne grahAyuH grantha likhA hai| 'narapatijayacaryA' (nimittagrantha) para TIkA bhI likhI hai| jinodayasari (18vIM zatI)--yaha begar3agacchIya jinodayasUri ke ziSya the| inhoMne udayavilAsa nAmaka jyotiSa grantha likhA hai| jinovayasari (18vIM zatI)-yaha kharataragacchIya muni the / inhoMne 150 zlokoM meM vivAha ratna kI racanA kI hai| muni amara (18vIM zatI)-yaha kharataragacchIya muni somasundara ke ziSya the| inhoMne vivAhapaTala para bAlAvabodha TIkA likhI hai| rAmavijaya upAdhyAya (1744 I0)-yaha kharataragacchIya dayAsiMha ke ziSya the| inhoMne saM0 1801 .(1744 I0) meM muhartamaNimAlA kI racanA kI hai / vivAhapaTala para bhI bhASA TIkA likhI hai|
Page #17
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 408 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana prantha : paMcama khaNDa ... ... .................................................... ratnadhIra (1746 I0)-yaha kharataragacchIya muni jJAnasAgara ke ziSya the| inhoMne padmaprabhasUrikRta 'bhuvanadIpaka' para saM0 1806 (1746 I.) meM bAlAvabodha likhA hai| muni megha (1760 I0) yaha uttarAdhagaccha ke muni jaTamala ziSya paramAnanda ziSya sadAnanda ziSya nArAyaNa ziSya narottama ziSya mayArAma ke ziSya the / inakA nivAsasthAna phagavAr3A (paTiyAlA sTeTa, paMjAba) thaa| yaha jyotiSa aura vaidyaka ke vidvAn the| vaidyaka para meghavinoda grantha milatA hai| jyotiSa para meghamAlA nAmaka grantha likhA hai| isakI racanA phagavAr3A meM caudharI cAhar3amala ke kAla meM saM0 1817 ko huI thii| yaha varSA-jJAna sambandhI grantha hai| yati rAmacanda (1760 I0)-yaha kharataragacchIya muni the| inakA kSetra nAgaura (rAjasthAna) thaa| inhoMne zakunazAstra para avayAdI zakunAvalI nAmaka grantha saM0 1817 meM likhA thaa| bhUdharadAsa (1770 I0)-yaha kharataragacchIya jinasAgarasUri zAkhA ke raMgavallabha ke ziSya the| inhoMne bhaudharI grahasAraNI nAmaka jyotiSa grantha saM0 1827 meM rcaa| muni matisAgara-inakA nAma matisAra bhI hai| rAjarSi bhaTTa kRta camatkAracitAmaNi para inhoMne saM0 1827 meM pharIdakoTa meM TabA kI racanA kI hai| mani vidyAhema (1773 I.)-yaha kharataragacchIya muni the| inhoMne vivAhapaTala para saM0 1830 meM artha nAmaka TIkA likhI hai| muni khuzAlasundara (1782 I.)-inhoMne varAhamihira ke laghujAtaka para stabaka saM0 1836 meM likhA hai| satIdAsa (19vIM zatI)-yaha jainayati the| inhoMne suthANasiMha ke kAla meM zukanAvalI (zakunAvalI) grantha padyamaya bhASA meM likhA hai| cidAnanda (kapUracaMda) (1850I0)-yaha kharataragacchIya yati cunnAlAla ke ziSya the| inhoMne pAlItANA (gujarAta) meM saM0 1907 meM padyoM meM svarodayabhASA kI racanA kI hai| nimitta-grantha siddhapAhaDa (siddhaprAbhUta)--yaha grantha aprApta hai| isameM aMjana, pAdalepa, guTikA Adi kA varNana thaa| jayapAhuDa (jayaprAbhUta)-ajJAtakartRka / yaha nimittazAstra sambandhI hai| yaha jinabhASita hai| isameM atIta. anAgata sambandhI naSTa, muSTi, ciMtA, vikalpa Adi ke lAbhAlAbha kA 378 gAthAoM meM vicAra hai| yaha 10vIM zatI ke pahale kI racanA hai| nimittapAiDa (nimittaprAbhUta)-isameM jyotiSa va svapna Adi nimittoM kA varNana hai| isakA AcArya bhadrezvara ne kahAvalI' meM ullekha kiyA hai| 'joNipAhuDa (yauniprAbhRta) yaha nimittazAstra kA mahattvapUrNa grantha hai| ise digambara AcArya dharasena (prajJAzramaNa muni) ne apane ziSya puSpadaMta aura bhUtabali ke lie likhA hai| isameM jvara, bhUta, zAkinI Adi ko dUra karane ke vidhAna diye haiN| ise saba vidyAoM aura dhAtuvAda kA mUla tathA Ayurveda kA sAra rUpa mAnA hai| isameM eka jagaha likhA hai ki prajJAzramaNamuni ne saMkSepa meM 'bAlataMtra' bhI likhA hai| paNhAvagAraga (praznavyAkaraNa)-yaha dasaveM aMga Agama se bhinna nimitta sambandhI prAkRta grantha hai| isameM nimitta kA sAMgopAMga varNana hai| isa para 3 TIkAe~ haiN| zvAnazakunAdhyAya-ajJAtakartRka / saMskRta meM 22 padyoM meM racita hai| isameM kutte kI gatiyoM aura ceSTAoM se zubhAzubha phala batAye haiN| .
Page #18
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSa : pragati aura paramparA sANasya (zvAnaruta ) - ajJAtakartRka / isameM kutte kI vibhinna AvAjoM ke AdhAra para gamana-AgamanajIvita-maraNa Adi kA varNana hai / siddhAdeza - ajJAtakartRka / isameM varSA, vAyu, vidyuta ke zubhAzubha phala diye haiM / upassuidAra ( upazrutidvAra) - ajJAtakartRka / isameM sune zabdoM ke AdhAra para zubhAzubha phala diye haiM / chAyAdAra (chAyAdvAra) - ajJAtakartRka / chAyA ke AdhAra para zubhAzubha phala diye haiM / nADIdAra (nADIdvAra) - ajJAtakartRka / iDA piMgalA aura suSumnA nAr3iyoM ke viSaya meM varNana hai / " nimittadAra ( nimittadvAra) - ajJAtakartRka / nimittoM kA varNana hai / riTThadAra (riSTadvAra ) -- ajJAtakartRka / jIvana-maraNa kA phalAdeza hai / pipIliyAnANa ( pipIlikAjJAna ) - ajJAtakartRka / cIMTiyoM kI gati dekhakara zubhAzubha phala batAye haiM / praNaSTalAbhAdi --- ajJAtakartA ke / prAkRta meM / gatavastulAbha, bandha-mukti, roga, jIvana-maraNa kA vicAra hai / nADIvijJAna-ajJAtakartRka / saMskRta meM / nADiyoM kI gati se zubhAzubha phala diye haiM / nADI vidhAra (nADIvivAra) - ajJAtakatuka prAkRta meM kAryAnusAra dAyI yA bAyIM nAr3I ke zubhAzubha phala batAye haiM / meghamAlA- -ajJAtakartRka / prAkRta meM / nakSatroM ke AdhAra para varSA ke cihnoM aura unake zubhAzubha phala batAye haiN| ThIkavicAra - ajJAtakartRka prAkRta meM chIMka ke zubhAzubha phala diye haiN| I 406... lokavijaya taMtra - ajJAtakartRka / prAkRta meM / subhikSa aura durbhikSa kA vicAra hai| dhruvoM ke AdhAra para zubhAzubha phala diye haiM / 1 suvicAra (svapnadvAra) - ajJAtakartuM ka prAkRta meM svapnoM ke zubhAzubha phala diye haiN| sumiNasattariyA (svapnasaptatikA) -- ajJAtakartRka / prAkRta meM svapna ke sambandha meM vistRta vivecana hai| isa para jaisalamera meM saM0 1287 (1230 I0) meM kharataragacchIya sarvadevasUri ne vRtti kI racanA kI hai| jinapAsagaNi-- inhoMne suviNavicAra nAmaka svapnazAstra sambandhI anya 85 gAthAoM meM likhA hai| jagadeva ( 11vIM zatI) - yaha gujarAta ke rAjA kumArapAla ke maMtrI durlabharAja kA putra thA / pitA-putra ko isa rAjA kA Azraya prApta thA / inakA svapnazAstra grantha hai / - vardhamAnasUri - yaha rudrapallIya gaccha ke muni the / inhoMne svapnoM ke sambandha meM svapnapradIpa yA svapnavicAra grantha likhA hai| isameM 4 'udyoga' haiM- daivatasvapna, dvAsaptatimahAsvapna, zubhasvapna, azubhasvapna / vardhamAnasUra (11vIM zatI) yaha AcArya abhayadevasUri (saM0 1920) ke ziSya the| inakA zakunazAstra para zakuna ratnAvali kathAkoza nAmaka grantha hai / AcArya hemacandrasUri (12vIM zatI) - inakA zakuna sambandhI zakunAvali grantha prApta hai / jinadattasUri (1213 I0 ) - vAyaDagacchIya jaina muni the, inhoMne saM0 1270 meM vivekavilAsa kI racanA kI thI / zakunazAstra para inhoMne zakunarahasya saMskRta padyoM meM grantha likhA hai / isameM 8 prastAva haiM / sauNadAra (zakunadvAra) - ajJAtakartRka / mANikyasUri (1281 I0 ) - inhoMne saM0 1338 meM zakunazAstra yA zakunasAroddhAra grantha likhA hai / pArzvacandra AcArya caMdrasUri ke ziSya the| inhoMne nimittazAstra para hastakAMDa grantha kI racanA kI hai| isameM so padya haiM / * .
Page #19
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 410 +++ karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhindana grantha : paMcama khaNDa ++++++ zakunavicAra (dohA) - apabhraMza meN| isameM kisI pazu ke dAyeM yA bAyeM hokara nikalane ke zubhAzubha phala diye haiM / sAmudrika-grantha aMgavijjA ( aMgavidyA ) ( 3 rI 4thI zatI) - ajJAtakartA ke racanA hai| piMDaniyukti TIkA Adi prAcIna granthoM meM isakA ullekha hai| isameM zarIra ke vibhinna lakSaNoM aura ceSTAoM ke dvArA zubhAzubha phaloM kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai / isake anusAra aga, svara, lakSaNa, vyaMjana, svapna, chIMka, bhauma aura antarikSa-ye ATha mahAnimitta ke AdhAra haiN| inake dvArA bhUta-bhaviSya kA jJAna hotA hai| isameM 60 adhyAya haiM / isakI bhASA gadya-padya mizrita prAkRta hai / karalakkhaNa ( karalakSaNa ) -- ajJAtakartRka / ise sAmudrika zAstra bhI kahate haiM / isameM hastarekhAoM kA mahattva batAyA hai| manuSya kI parIkSA kara 'vrata' dene kA spaSTIkaraNa milatA hai / durlabharAja (11vIM zatI) - yaha gujarAja ke solaMkI rAjA bhImadeva ke maMtrI the / inhoMne 4 grantha likhe haiM - 1. gajaprabaMdha (gajaparIkSA), 2. turaMga prabaMdha, 3. puruSa - strI lakSaNa (samudratilaka), 4. zakunazAstra / samudratilaka - isameM 5 adhikAra haiN| isameM puruSa va strI ke lakSaNoM kA varNana hai| isa grantha ko durlabharAja ke putra jagadeva ne pUrA kiyA thaa| sAmudrika - ajJAtakartR / saMskRta meM / hastarekhAoM aura zArIrika saMracanA ke AdhAra para zubhAzubha phala batAye hai| sAmudrikazAstra - ajJAtakaka isameM 3 adhyAya haiN| pahale meM hastarekhAoM kA dUsare meM zarIrAvayavoM kA aura tIsare meM strI- lakSaNoM kA varNana hai| aMgavidyAzAstra - ajJAtakaka isameM 44 zlokoM meM azubhasvapnadarzana, saMjJaka aMga, strI-saMjJaka jaMga Adi kA varNana hai / rAmacandra (1665 I0) - yaha kharataragacchIya jinasiMhari ke ziSya padmakIrti ke ziSya pacaraMga ke ziSya the| yaha vaidyaka aura jyotiSa ke vidvAn the / inhoMne meharA (paMjAba) meM saM0 1722 meM sAmudrika bhASA nAmaka padyamaya bhASA grantha likhA hai / inake vaidyaka para vaidyavinoda (saM0 1726, maroTa) aura rAmavinoda (saM0 1720, sakkInagara ) grantha haiM / nagarAja (18vIM zatI) - yaha kharataragacchIya janayati the / inhoMne ajayarAja ke lie sAmudrika bhASA kI 188 padyoM meM racanA kI, isameM strI va puruSa ke zubhAzubha lakSaNa batAye haiM / lakSaNa -zAstra para nimna grantha bhI haiMlakSaNamAlA - AcArya jinabhadrasUrikRta / lakSaNasaMgraha -- ratnazekharasUrikRta (vi0 16vIM zatI) lakSyalakSaNa vicAra - harSa kIrtisUri kRta ( vi0 17vIM zatI) lakSaNa - ajnyaatk| lakSaNa-avacUri- ajJAta kartR / ajJAtakartRka lakSaNapaMktikathA - digambarAcArya zrutasAgarasUrikRta / praznazAstra (cUr3AmaNi) duvinIti (5vIM zatI) yaha dravir3a deza kA rAjA thaa| isane prAkRta gadya meM vistRta cUr3AmaNi prantha kI racanA kI hai| yaha aprApta hai| isase tInoM kAloM kA jJAna hotA hai / bhadrabAhu ( 6ThI zatI) - bhadrabAhu svAmI ke nAma se prAkRta meM ahaMccUDAmaNisAra nAmaka grantha milatA hai / ise cUDAmaNisAra yA jJAnadIpaka bhI kahate haiN| isameM varNoM kA vibhAjanakara unakI jAyeM dI gayI hai| praznoM ke akSaroM ke una vargoM ke AdhAra para jaya-parAjaya, lAbhAbhAbha, jIvana-maraNa phaloM kA jJAna hotA hai / .
Page #20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ye bhadrabAhu caturdaza pUrvadhara se bhadrabAhu se bhinna haiM / samantabhadra - AcArya samantabhadra ke nAma se praznazAstra sambandhI kevalajJAnapraznacUr3AmaNi grantha milatA hai / DaoN0 nemicandrazAstrI ne isakA saMpAdana kiyA hai / inheM AptamImAMsAkAra samantabhadra se bhinna mAnA hai / jaina jyotiSa: pragati aura paramparA 411 isa grantha meM akSaroM kA vargIkaraNa karake tadanusAra kArya kI siddhi lAbhAlAbha, roganivAraNa, jaya-parAjaya Adi kA vicAra hai / bhaTTavosari ( 10vIM zatI) - yaha dakSiNa ke digambara jaina AcArya dAmanandi ke ziSya the| inhoMne AyanANatilaya (AyajJAgatilaka) nAmaka praznazAstra sambandhI anya prAkRta meM likhA hai, isameM dhvaja, ghUma, siMha, gaja, khara, snAna, vRSa aura dhvAMkSa (kauA) ina ATha 'AyoM' ke dvArA phalAdeza kA vistAra se vivecana hai / isa para svayaM bhaTTavosari ne svopajJa TIkA likhI hai / bhI prApta haiM malliSeNa (1043 I0 ) - yaha karnATaka ke nivAsI the / inake guru digambara AcArya jinasenasUri the / prazna-zAstra para inhoMne sugrIva Adi muniyoM ke granthoM ke AdhAra para AyasadbhAva nAmaka grantha kI racanA kI hai / isameM bhaTTavosari kA bhI ullekha hai / isameM 20 prakaraNa haiM tathA dhvaja, dhUma, siMha, maMDala, vRSa, khara, gaja, vAyasa, ina ATha 'AyoM' ke svarUpa va unake AdhAra para phalAdeza batAyA gayA hai / harizcandragaNi--inakA praznapaddhati nAmaka jyotiSa grantha milatA hai| praznazAstra para kucha ajJAta grantha (1) akSaracUDAmaNizAstra -- saMskRta meM / 1 (2) candronmIlana- isameM 55 adhikAra haiN| isameM praznakarttA ke prazna ke vargoM ko saMyukta, asaMyukta abhighAtita, abhipramita, AliMgata aura dagdha ina chaH saMjJAoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai / [ramala yA pAzakakevalI gargAcArya - AcArya garga ne pAzakakevalI sambandhI koI grantha likhA thA / --- muni bhojasAgara (18vIM zatI) -- inhoMne ramalavidyA nAmaka grantha likhA hai| isameM ullekha hai ki AcArya kAlakara isa vidyA ko yavanadeza se bhArata meM laaye| muni vijayadeva inake ramalavidyA grantha kA ullekha milatA hai| pAzAkevalI - ajJAtakartRka / yaha saMskRta meM hai / isameM adaa, aaya Adi koSThaka dekara a, va, ya, aura da ke prakaraNa diye haiM / isameM zubhAzubha phala diye haiM / gaNita jyotiSa yallAcArya - yaha prAcIna muni the| inhoMne gaNitasaMgraha likhA thA / nemicandra - inakA racA kSetragaNita milatA hai / muni tejasiMha yaha laukAgacchIya muni the| inhoMne damita para 26 padyoM meM iSTAMkapaMcavizatikA nAmaka choTAsA grantha likhA hai / anantapAla (1204 I0 ) - yaha pallIvAla jaina gRhastha the| inakA likhA pATIgaNita nAmaka gaNita sambandhI grantha milatA hai| isameM aMkagaNita sambandhI vivaraNa hai| inake bhAI janapAla ne saM0 1261 meM tilakamaMjarIkathAsAra likhA hai / siMha (13 zatI) - yaha AgamagacchIya AcArya devaratnasUri ke ziSya the| inhoMne koSThacitAmaNi nAmaka grantha prAkRta meM likhA hai| saMskRta meM isa para strayaM ne koSTakacitAmaNi TIkA likhI hai / +++ -0 0 .
Page #21
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : paMcama khaNDa ......-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-....................................... siddhasUri-yaha upakezagacchIya muni the| inhoMne zrIdharakRta gaNitasAra para TIkA likhI thii| siMhatilakasari (1273 I0)-inake guru kA nAma vibudhacandra sUri thaa| ye jyotiSa aura gaNita ke acche vidvAn the| inhoMne zrIpatikRta gaNitasAra para saM0 1330 meM vRtti (TIkA) likhI hai| jyotiSa para inakI bhuvanadIpakavRtti TIkA bhI milatI hai| jyotiSa sambandhI anya grantha jyotiSa para vinayakuzalamuni ne joisacakkavicAra (jyotiSacakravicAra) nAmaka prAkRta grantha likhA hai| jinezvaramuni ne zrIpatikRta jAtakapaddhati para TIkA likhI hai / kharataragacchIya municandra ne analasAgara nAmaka jyotiSagrantha likhA hai| mAnasAgara muni kA mAnasAgarI paddhati nAmaka jyotiSa grantha milatA hai / yaha padyAtmaka hai| isameM phalAdeza diye haiN| muni rAjasoma ne gaNezakRta grahalAghavasAriNI para saMskRta meM TippaNa likhA hai| muni mativizAlagaNI ne prAkRta meM TippaNakavidhi nAmaka jyotiSa grantha likhA hai| isameM pacAMgatithikarSaNa, saMkrAMtikarSaNa, navagrahakarSaNa Adi 13 viSaya diye haiN| padmasundara muni ne jyotiSa para hAyanasundara grantha likhA hai| kucha grantha ajJAtakartRka milate haiMgaNaharahorA (gaNadharahorA)-horA sambandhI grantha hai| joisadAra (jyotira)-prAkRta meM hai| isameM rAzi va nakSatroM ke zubhAzubha phala diye haiN| jAtakadIpikApaddhati-isameM aneka granthoM ke uddharaNa haiM / janmapradIpazAstra-isameM kuNDalI ke 12 bhuvanoM ke lagneza ke sambandha meM vicAra hai| joisahIra (jyotiSahIra)- yaha prAkRta meM hai| isameM zubhAzubhatithi, graha-bala, zubha ghar3iyA~, dinazuddhi Adi viSaya diye haiN| paMcAMgatattva-isameM paMcAMga ke tithi, vAra, nakSatra, yoga va karaNa kA nirUpaNa hai| pNcaaNgtttv-ttiikaa-abhydevsuurikRt| paMcAMgatithivicaraNa-ise karaNazekhara yA karaNakoza bhI kahate haiM / isameM paMcAMga banAne kI vidhi dI hai| paMcAMgadIpikA-paMcAMga banAne kI vidhi dI hai| paMcAMgapatravicAra-paMcAMga ke viSaya diye gaye haiN| hindI-rAjasthAnI ke grantha kavi-kezava (17vIM zatI)-yaha kharataragacchIya dayAratna ke ziSya the| inakA janma-nAma kezava aura dIkSA kA nAma kIrtivardhana thaa| yaha mAravAr3a kSetra ke nivAsI the / inakA kAla 17vIM zatI hai| inakA janmaprakAzikA nAmaka jyotiSagrantha milatA hai| ratnadhaura (1746 I0)-yaha kharataragacchIya muni the| inhoMne bhuvanadIpaka para bAlAvabodha kI racanA saM01806 (1746 I.) meM kii| ___ lAbhavardhana (18vIM zatI)--yaha kharataragacchIya jinaharSa ke gurubhrAtA the| inakA kAla 18vIM zatI hai| inhoMne jyotiSa para rAjasthAnI meM lIlAvatIgaNita aura zakunadIpikA grantha likhe / zIghrabodhacandrikA-isakA racanA kAla saM0 1616 hai / 'zIghrabodha' jyotiSagrantha kI bhASA-TIkA hai| racanAkAra ajJAta hai| .
Page #22
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jaina jyotiSa : pragati aura paramparA ......................................................................... paM0 bhagavAnadAsa (20vIM zatI)-inakA janma saM 1945 (1888 I0) meM pAlItANA (gujarAta) meM huA thaa| inhoMne jyotiSa para jyotiSasAra nAmaka grantha likhA hai| dakSiNa-bhASAoM meM racita jyotiSa-gaNita ke grantha tamila bhASA meM jainoM dvArA gaNita, jyotiSa aura phalita sambandhI grantha likhe gaye haiN| aicaDi nAmaka gaNita sambandhI aura jinendramauli nAmaka jyotiSa sambandhI grantha bahuta pracalita haiN| aiMcUvaDi kA vyavahAra vyApArika paramparA meM adhikatara hotA hai| kannaDa bhASA meM gaNita para rAjAditya ke vyavahAragaNita, kSetragaNita, lIlAvatI, vyavahAraratna, jainagaNitasUtraTokodAharaNa tathA anya grantha milate haiM / yaha karnATaka kSetra ke nivAsI the| yaha viSNuvardhana rAjA ke mukhya sabhApaMDita the / inakA kAla saM0 1120 ke lagabhaga hai| karNATakakavicarita meM inako kannaDa sAhitya meM gaNita kA grantha likhane vAlA prathama vidvAn batAyA hai| candrasema-karnATaka ke digambara jaina muni the| inhoMne jyotiSa para kevalajJAnahorA nAmaka vizAla grantha likhA hai| isameM lagabhaga cAra hajAra zloka haiM / isa para karNATaka ke jyotiSa kA prabhAva hai| kahIM-kahIM viSaya ke spaSTIkaraNArtha kannaDa bhASA bhI prayukta huI hai / inakA kAla kalyANa varmA ke bAda kA hai, isake prakaraNa unakI 'sArAvalI' se mela khAte haiN| __bhadrabAhu-inake nAma se saMskRta meM bhadrabAhusaMhitA nAmaka jyotiSa grantha milatA hai| yaha AcArya bhadrabAhukRta prAkRta ke grantha kA uddhArarUpa mAnA jAtA hai| saMskRta kRti meM 27 prakaraNa haiM, isameM nimitta aura saMhitA kA pratipAdana hai / DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI ne zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu se isa bhadrabAhu ko bhinna mAnA hai aura inakA kAla 12vIM, 13vIM zatI batAyA hai| upasaMhAra jaina vidvAnoM ne jyotiSa para aneka grantha likhe haiM / inameM se adhikAMza aba taka prakAzita nahIM ho pAye haiN| kevala kucha hI pramukha grantha prakAzita hue haiM / adhikAMza grantha hastalikhita rUpa meM vibhinna sthAnoM para pustakAlayoM, bhaTTArakoM ke pAThoM aura vyaktigata saMgrahoM meM maujUda haiM / inake vistRta keTalAga banAne kI AvazyakatA hai / ina granthoM ke prakAzana kI bhI vyavasthA honI caahie| yahA~ jaina-jyotiSa-sAhitya para saMkSepa meM kAlakramAnusAra prakAza DAlane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| yaha kevala paricaya mAtra hai| isa para vistAra se vizleSaNa kI AvazyakatA hai| jyotiSa ke zodhArthiyoM kI isameM pravRtta honA caahie|