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________________ dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kI sahiSNutA ] DaoN0 sAgaramala jaina bhAratIya dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kA avadAna bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa hai / unhoMne apanI lekhanI se vipula mAtrA meM maulika evaM TIkA sAhitya kA sRjana kiyA hai / anuzruti hai ki unhoMne 1444 grantha race the, kintu vartamAna meM unake dvArA racita lagabhaga 84 granthoM ke sambandha meM jAnakArI upalabdha hai / unhoMne darzana, dharma-sAdhanA, yoga-sAdhanA, dhArmika vidhi-vidhAna, AcAra, upadeza kathAgrantha zrAdi vividha vidhAnoM para granthoM kI racanA kI hai / unakA TIkA sAhitya bhI vipula hai| haribhadra usa yuga ke vicAraka haiM, ye jaba bhAratIya cintana evaM darzana ke kSetra meM vAk chala aura khaNDana- maNDana kI pravRtti pramukha bana gayI thI / pratyeka darzana svapakSa ke maNDana praura parapakSa ke khaNDana meM apanA buddhi-kauzala dikhalA rahA thA / mAtra yahI nahIM, dharmoM aura darzanoM meM pArasparika vidveSa aura ghRNA kI bhAvanA bhI apanI carama sImA para pahu~ca cukI thI / svayaM haribhadra ke do ziSyoM ko bhI isa vidveSa bhAvanA kA zikAra hokara apane jIvana kI bali denI par3I thii| usa yuga kI ina viSama paristhitiyoM ke pariprekSya meM hI dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra ke pradeyoM kA aura unakI mahAnatA kA samyak mUlyAMkana kiyA jA sakatA hai| haribhadra kI mahAnatA to isI meM hai ki unhoMne zuSka vAk- jAla aura ghRNA evaM vidveSa ke isa viSama pariveza meM samabhAva, satyaniSThA, udAratA, samanvayazIlatA aura sahiSNutA kA paricaya diyA / yadyapi samanvayazIlatA, udAratA aura samabhAva ke guNa haribhadra ko jainadarzana kI anekAnta dRSTi se virAsata meM mile the, phira bhI unhoMne ina guNoM ko jisa zAlInatA ke sAtha apanI kRtiyoM meM evaM jIvana meM zrAtmasAt kiyA hai, vaisA udAharaNa svayaM jaina paramparA meM bhI virala hai / prastuta nibandha meM hama unakI inhIM vizeSatAoM para kiJcit vistAra ke sAtha carcA kareMge / dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kI sahiSNutA kA rUpa kyA hai ? yaha samajhane ke lie isa carcA ko hama nimna bindunoM meM vibhAjita kara rahe haiM (1) dArzanika evaM dhArmika paramparAoM kA niSpakSa prastutIkaraNa / (2) anya darzanoM kI samIkSA meM ziSTa bhASA kA prayoga tathA anya dharmo evaM darzanoM ke pravartakoM ke prati bahumAnavRtti / (3) zuSka dArzanika samAlocanAoM ke sthAna para una avadhAraNAoM ke sAra tattva aura mUla uddezyoM ko samajhane kA prayatna | dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 114 (4) anya dArzanika mAnyatAoM meM nihita satyoM ko evaM inakI mUlyavattA ko svIkAra karate hue jaina dRSTi ke sAtha unake samanvaya kA prayatna / (5) anya dArzanika paramparAoM ke granthoM kA niSpakSa adhyayana aura una para vyAkhyA aura TIkA kA praNayana / (6) udAra aura samanvayavAdI dRSTi rakhate hue bhI dhArmika evaM paurANika andhavizvAsoM kA nirbhIka rUpa se khaNDana / (7) darzana aura dharma ke kSetra meM prAsthA yA zraddhA kI apekSA tarka evaM yukti para adhika bala; kintu zarta yaha ki tarka aura yukti kA prayoga apane mata kI puSTi ke lie nahIM, apitu satya kI khoja ke lie ho / (8) dharma sAdhanA ko karmakANDa ke sthAna para caritra kI nirmalatA ke sAtha jor3ane kA prayatna / (9) mukti ke sambandha meM eka udAra aura vyApaka dRSTikoNa / (10) upAsya ke nAma-bheda ko gauNa mAnakara unake guNoM para bala / anya dArzanika evaM dhArmika paramparAoM kA niSpakSa prastutIkaraNa jaina paramparA meM anya paramparAoM ke vicArakoM ke darzana evaM dharmopadeza ke prastutIkaraNa kA prathama prayAsa hameM RSibhASita (isibhAsiyAiM-lagabhaga I0 pU0 3 zatI) meM parilakSita hotA hai| isa graMtha meM anya dhArmika aura dArzanika paramparAoM ke pravartakoM-yathA nArada, asitadevala, yAjJavalkya, sAriputra Adi ko arhat RSi kahakara sambodhita kiyA gayA hai aura unake vicAroM ko niSpakSa rUpa meM prastuta kiyA. gayA hai| nizcaya hI vaicArika udAratA evaM anya paramparAgoM ke prati samAdara bhAva kA yaha ati prAcInakAla kA anyatama aura merI dRSTi meM ekamAtra udAharaNa hai| anya paramparAoM ke prati aisA samAdarabhAva vaidika aura bauddha paramparA ke prAcIna sAhitya meM hameM kahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM hotA hai / svayaM jaina paramparA meM bhI yaha udAra dRSTi adhika kAla taka jIvita nahIM raha skii| pariNAmasvarUpa yaha mahAn graMtha jo kabhI aMga sAhitya kA eka bhAga thA, vahA~ se alaga kara paripArzva meM DAla diyA gayA / yadyapi sUtrakRtAMga, bhagavatI prAdi pAgama graMthoM meM tatkAlIna anya paramparAoM ke vivaraNa upalabdha hote haiM, kiMtu unameM anya darzanoM aura paramparAoM ke prati vaha udAratA aura zAlInatA parilakSita nahIM hotI, jo RSibhASita meM thii| RSibhASita meM jisa maMkhali-gozAlaka ko arhat RSi ke rUpa meM saMbodhita kiyA gayA thA, bhagavatI meM usI kA azobhanIya citra prastuta kiyA gayA hai, yahA~ yaha carcA maiM kevala isalie kara rahA hU~ ki hama haribhadra kI udAradaSTi kA samyaka mUlyAMkana kara sakeM aura yaha jAna sakeM ki na kevala jaina paramparA meM apitu samagra bhAratIya darzana meM unakA avadAna kitanA mahAn hai / jaina dArzanikoM meM sarvaprathama siddhasena divAkara ne apane granthoM meM anya dArzanika mAnyatAoM kA vivaraNa prastuta kiyA hai| unhoMne battIsa dvAtrizikAe~ likhI haiM, unameM navIM meM vedavAda, dasavIM meM yogavidyA, bArahavIM meM nyAyadarzana, terahavIM meM sAMkhyadarzana, caudahavIM meM vaizeSikadarzana, pandrahavIM meM bauddha darzana aura solahavIM meM niyativAda kI carcA hai, kintu
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________________ dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kI sahiSNutA / 115 siddhasena ne yaha vivaraNa samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se hI prastuta kiyA hai| ve aneka prasaMgoM meM ina / avadhAraNAoM ke prati cuTIle vyaMgya bhI karate haiN| vastutaH dArzanikoM meM anya darzanoM ke jAnane aura unakA vivaraNa prastuta karane kI jo pravRtti vikasita huI thI usakA mUla AdhAra virodhI matoM kA nirAkaraNa karanA ho yA siddhasena bhI isake apavAda nahIM haiN| sAtha hI paM0 sukhalAlajI saMghavI kA yaha bhI kahanA hai ki siddhasena kI kRtiyoM meM anya darzanoM kA jo vivaraNa upalabdha hai vaha bhI pATha-bhraSTatA aura vyAkhyA ke abhAva ke kAraNa adhika prAmANika nahIM hai| yadyapi siddhasena divAkara samantabhadra, jinabhadramaNi kSamAzramaNa Adi haribhadra ke pUrvavartI dArzanikoM ne anekAnta dRSTi ke prabhAva ke kAraNa kahIM-kahIM vaicArika udAratA kA paricaya diyA hai, phira bhI ye sabhI vicAraka itanA to mAnate hI haiM ki anya darzana aikAntika dRSTi kA pAva lene ke kAraNa mithyA - darzana haiM jabaki jainadarzana anekAnta dRSTi apanAne ke kAraNa samyagdarzana hai / vastutaH vaicArika samanvayazIlatA aura dhArmika udAratA kI jisa U~cAI kA sparza haribhadra ne apanI kRtiyoM meM kiyA hai vaisA unake pUrvavartI jaina evaM jainetara dArzanikoM meM hameM parilakSita nahIM hotA hai| yadyapi haribhadra ke paravartI jaina dArzanikoM meM hemacandra yazovijaya, prAnandapana Adi anya dharmoM aura darzanoM ke prati samabhAva aura udAratA kA paricaya dete haiM, kintu unakI yaha udAratA una para haribhadra ke prabhAva ko hI sUcita karatI hai / udAharaNa ke rUpa meM hemacandra apane mahAdeva - stotra (44) meM nimna zloka prastuta karate haiN| yathA bhava-bIjAMkurajananA rAgAcA kSayamupAgatA yasya / brahmA vA viSNurvA haro jino vA namastasmai // yaha zloka haribhadra ke lokatatvanirNaya meM bhI kucha pAThabheda ke sAtha upalabdha hotA hai, yasya nikhilAzca doSA na saMti, sarve guNAzca vidyante / brahmA vA viSNurvA haro jino vA vA namastasmai // vastutaH 2500 varSa ke sudIrgha jaina itihAsa meM aisA koI bhI samanvayavAdI udAracetA vyaktitva nahIM hai, jise haribhadra ke samatulya kahA jA sake / yadyapi haribhadra ke pUrvavartI aura paravartI aneka AcAyoM ne jainadarzana kI anekAnta dRSTi ke prabhAva ke pariNAmasvarUpa udAratA kA paricaya avazya diyA hai phira bhI unakI sRjanadharmitA usa stara kI nahIM hai jisa stara kI haribhadra kI hai / unakI kRtiyoM meM do-cAra gAthAoMoM yA zlokoM meM udaratA ke cAhe saMketa mila jAyeM kintu aise kitane haiM jinhoMne samanvayAtmaka aura udAradRSTi ke AdhAra para SaDdarzanasamuccaya, zAstravArtAsamuccaya aura yogadRSTisamuccaya jaisI mahAn kRtiyoM kA praNayana kiyA ho| anya dArzanika aura dhArmika paramparAmroM kA adhyayana mukhyataH do dRSTiyoM se kiyA jAtA hai, eka to una paramparAnoM kI AlocanA karane kI dRSTi se aura dUsarA unakA yathArtha paricaya pAne aura unameM nihita satya ko samajhane kI dRSTi se AlocanA evaM samIkSA kI dRSTi se liye gaye granthoM meM bhI mAlocanA ke ziSTa dhIra paziSTa aise do rUpa milate haiN| sAtha hI jaba granthakartA kA mukhya uddezya thAlocanA karanA hotA hai, to vaha anya paramparAmroM ke prastutIkaraNa meM nyAya nahIM karatA hai aura unakI avadhAraNAoM kI bhrAntarUpa meM prastuta karatA hai| 1. samadarzI prAcArya haribhadra, paM0 sukhalAlajI pR0 40 dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ caturthakhaNDa / 116 udAharaNa ke rUpa meM syAdvAda aura zUnyavAda ke AlocakoM ne kabhI bhI unheM samyak rUpa se prastuta karane kA prayatna nahIM kiyA hai| yadyapi haribhadra ne bhI apanI kucha kRtiyoM meM granya darzanoM evaM dharmoM kI samIkSA kI hai, apane grantha dhUrtAMkhyAna meM ve dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM panapa ra andhavizvAsoM kA sacoTa khaNDana bhI karate haiM, phira bhI itanA nizcita hai ki ve na to apane virodhI ke vicAroM ko bhrAnta rUpa meM prastuta karate haiM aura na usake sambandha meM praziSTa bhASA kA prayoga hI karate haiN| darzanasaMgrAhaka prathoM kI paramparA aura usameM haribhadra kA sthAna yadi hama bhAratIya darzana ke samagra itihAsa meM sabhI pramukha darzanoM ke siddhAnta ko eka hI grantha meM pUrI prAmANikatA ke sAtha prastuta karane ke kSetra meM hue prayatnoM ko dekhate haiM, to hamArI eft meM haribhadra hI ve prathama vyakti haiM, jinhoMne sabhI pramukha bhAratIya darzanoM kI mAnyatAnoM ko niSpakSa rUpa se eka hI grantha meM prastuta kiyA hai| haribhadra ke SaDdarzana- samuccaya kI koTi kA aura usase prAcIna darzanasaMgrAhaka koI anya grantha hameM prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya meM upalabdha nahIM hotA / haribhadra ke pUrva taka jaina, bauddha aura vaidika tInoM hI paramparAoM ke kisI bhI prAcArya ne apane kAla ke sabhI darzanoM kA niSpakSa paricaya dene kI dRSTi se kisI bhI grantha kI racanA nahIM kI thii| unake granthoM meM apane virodhI matoM kA prastutIkaraNa mAtra unake khaNDana kI dRSTi se hI huA hai| jaina paramparA meM bhI haribhadra ke pUrva siddhasena divAkara aura samantabhadra ne anya darzanoM ke vivaraNa to prastuta kiye haiM, kintu unakI dRSTi bhI khaNDanaparaka hI hai| vividha darzanoM kA vivaraNa prastuta karane kI dRSTi se mahalavAdI kA nayacakra mahattvapUrNa grantha kintu usakA mukhya uddezya bhI pratyeka darzana kI apUrNatA ko sUcita karate hue sthApanA karanA hai| pa0 dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA ke zabdoM meM (naya) cakra kI zrAcArya kA prAya yaha hai ki koI bhI mata apane bhApa meM pUrNa nahIM hai| jisa prakAra usa mata kI sthApanA dalIloM se ho sakatI hai usI prakAra usakA utthApana bhI virodhI matoM kI dalIloM se ho sakatA hai / sthApanA aura utthApana kA yaha cakra calatA rahatA hai / ataeva zranekAntavAda meM ye mata yadi apanA ucita sthAna prApta kareM, tabhI ucita hai anyathA nhiiN| nayacakra kI mUladRSTi bhI svapakSa arthAt anekAntavAda ke maNDana aura parapakSa ke khaNDana kI hI hai| isa prakAra jaina paramparA meM bhI haribhadra ke pUrva taka niSpakSa bhAva se koI bhI darzana saMgrAhaka grantha nahIM likhA gayA / kahA jA sakatA hai dhanekAntavAda kI kalpanA ke pIche jainetara paramparAoM ke darzanasaMgrAhaka granthoM meM prAcArya zaMkaraviracita mAne jAne vAle 'sarvasiddhAntasaMgraha' kA ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai| yadyapi yaha kRti mAdhavAcArya ke sarvadarzana saMgraha kI apekSA prAcIna hai, phira bhI isake sAtha zaMkarAcArya dvArA viracita hone meM saMdeha hai| isa grantha meM bhI pUrvadarzana kA uttaradarzana ke dvArA nirAkaraNa karate hue anta meM pradvaita vedAnta kI sthApanA kI gayI hai / ataH kisI sImA taka isakI zailI ko nayacakra kI zailI ke sAtha jor3A jA sakatA hai kintu jahA~ nayacakra, antimamata kA bhI prathama mata se khaNDana karavAkara kisI bhI eka darzana ko antima satya nahIM mAnatA hai, vahA~ 'sarvasiddhAntasaMgraha' vedAnta ko ekamAtra aura 1. padarzanasamuccaya-saM0 DaoN0 mahendrakumAra, prastAvanA pR0 14 /
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________________ dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kI sahiSNutA / 117 antima satya svIkAra karatA hai| ataH yaha eka darzanasaMgrAhaka grantha hokara bhI niSpakSa dRSTi kA pratipAdaka nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai / haribhadra ke SaDdarzanasamuccaya kI jo vizeSatA hai vaha isameM nahIM hai| jainetara paramparAtroM meM darzana-saMgrAhaka granthoM meM dUsarA sthAna mAdhavAcArya (I. 1350?) ke 'sarvadarzanasaMgraha' kA pAtA hai| kintu 'sarvadarzanasaMgraha' kI mUlabhUta dRSTi bhI yahI hai ki vedAnta hI ekamAtra samyagdarzana hai| sarvasiddhAntasaMgraha aura 'sarvadarzanasaMgraha' donoM kI haribhadra ke SaDdarzanasamuccaya se isa artha meM bhinnatA hai ki jahA~ haribhadra binA kisI khaNDana-maNDana ke nirapekSa bhAva se tatkAlIna vividha darzanoM ko prastuta karate haiM, vahA~ vaidika paramparA ke ina donoM granthoM kI mUlabhUta zailI khaNDanaparaka hI hai / ataH ina donoM granthoM meM anya dArzanika mato ke prastutIkaraNa meM vaha niSpakSatA aura udAratA parilakSita nahIM hotI hai, jo haribhadra ke SaDdarzanasamuccaya meM hai| __ vaidika paramparA meM darzana-saMgrAhaka granthoM meM tIsarA sthAna mAdhavasarasvatIkRta 'sarvadarzanakaumudI' kA pAtA hai| isa grantha meM darzanoM ko vaidika aura pravaidika-aise do bhAgoM meM bA~TA gayA hai| avaidika darzanoM meM cArvAka, bauddha, aura jaina aise tIna bheda tathA vaidika darzana meM tarka, tantra aura sAMkhya aise tIna bhAga kiye gaye haiM / isa grantha kI zailI bhI mukhyarUpa se khaNDanAtmaka hI hai| ataH haribhadra ke SaDadarzanasamuccaya jaisI udAratA aura niSpakSatA isameM bhI parilakSita nahIM hotI hai| vaidika paramparA meM darzanasaMgrAhaka granthoM meM cauthA sthAna madhusUdana sarasvatIkRta 'sarvadarzanakaumudI' kA pAtA hai| isa grantha meM darzanoM ko vaidika aura pravaidika-aise do bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai| pravaidika darzanoM meM cArvAka, bauddha, aura jaina aise tIna bheda tathA vaidika darzana meM tarka, tantra aura sAMkhya aise tIna bhAga kiye gaye haiN| isa grantha kI zailI bhI mukhyarUpa se khaNDanAtmaka hI hai / ataH haribhadra ke SaTadarzanasamuccaya jaisA udAratA aura niSpakSatA isameM bhI parilakSita nahIM hotI hai| vaidika paramparA ke darzanasaMgrAhaka granthoM meM cauthA sthAna madhusUdana sarasvatI ke 'prasthAnabheda' kA pAtA hai| madhusUdana sarasvatI ne darzanoM kA vargIkaraNa Astika aura nAstika ke rUpa meM kiyA hai| nAstika-pravaidika-darzanoM meM ve chaha prasthAnoM kA ullekha karate haiN| isameM bauddha darzana ke cAra sampradAya tathA cArvAka aura jainoM kA samAveza hA hai| Astika-vaidikadarzanoM meM nyAya, vaizeSika, sAMkhya, yoga, pUrva mImAMsA aura uttara mImAMsA kA samAveza huA hai / inhoMne pAzupata-darzana evaM vaiSNava darzana kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| paM0dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA ke anusAra 'prasthAnabheda' ke lekhaka kI eka vizeSatA avazya hai jo use pUrva ullikhita vaidika paramparA ke anya darzanasaMgrAhaka granthoM se alaga karatI hai / vaha yaha ki isa grantha meM vaidika darzanoM ke pArasparika virodha kA samAdhAna yaha kaha kara kiyA gayA hai ki ye (prasthAnoM ke prastotA) sabhI muni bhrAnta to nahIM ho sakate, kyoMki ve sarvajJa the / caMki bAhya viSayoM meM lage hue manuSyoM kA parama puruSArtha meM praviSTa honA kaThina hotA hai, ataeva nAstikoM kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie ina muniyoM ne darzana prasthAnoM ke bheda kiye haiN|' isa prakAra prasthAnabheda meM yatkicita udAratA 1. SaDdarzanasamuccaya--saM0 DaoN0 mahendrakumAra, prastAvanA pR0 19 / dhammo dIyo masAra samudra meM dharma hI dIya hai| Indiarriainelibrary.org
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 118 kA paricaya prApta hotA hai| kintu yaha udAratA kevala vaidika paramparA ke prAstika darzakoM ke sandarbha meM hI hai, nAstikoM kA nirAkaraNa karanA to sarvadarzanakaumudIkAra ko bhI iSTa hI hai| isa prakAra darzana-saMgrAhaka granthoM meM haribhadra kI jo niSpakSa aura udAra daSTi hai vaha hameM anya paramparAoM meM racita darzana-saMgrAhaka granthoM meM nahIM milatI hai| yadyapi vartamAna meM bhAratIya dArzanika paramparAoM kA vivaraNa prastuta karane vAle aneka grantha likhe jA rahe haiM kintu unameM bhI lekhaka kahIM na kahIM apane iSTa darzana aura vizeSarUpa se vedAnta ko hI antima satya ke rUpa meM prastuta karatA pratIta hotA hai| haribhadra ke pazcAta jaina paramparA meM likhe gaye darzana-saMgrAhaka granthoM meM ajJAta kRtaka ke 'sarva siddhAntapravezaka' kA prathama sthAna prAtA hai| kintu itanA nizcita hai ki yaha grantha kisI jaina AcArya dvArA praNIta hai kyoMki isake maMgalAcaraNa meM-"sarvabhAvapraNetAraM praNipatya jinezvaraM" aisA ullekha hai / paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI ke anusAra prastuta grantha kI pratipAdana zailI haribhadra ke SaDdarzanasamuccaya kA hI anusaraNa karatI hai|' antara mAtra yaha hai ki jahA~ haribhadra kA grantha padya meM hai vahA~ sarvasiddhAntapravezaka gadya meM hai / sAtha hI yaha grantha haribhadra ke SaDdarzanasamuccaya kI apekSA kucha vistata bhI hai| jaina paramparA ke darzana-saMgrAhaka granthoM meM dUsarA sthAna jIvadevasUri ke ziSya prAcArya jinadattasUri (vikrama 1265) ke vivekavilAsa kA pAtA hai| isa grantha ke aSTama ullAsa meM SaDdarzanavicAra nAmaka prakaraNa hai| jisameM jaina, mImAMsaka, bauddha, sAMkhya, zaiva aura nAstika ina chaha darzanoM kA saMkSepa meM varNana kiyA gayA hai / paM0 dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA ke anusAra isa grantha kI eka vizeSatA to yaha hai ki isameM nyAya-vaizeSikoM kA samAveza zaivadarzana meM kiyA gayA hai| merI dRSTi meM isakA kAraNa lekhaka ke dvArA haribhadra ke SaDdarzanasamuccaya kA anusaraNa karanA hI hai, kyoMki usameM bhI nyAyadarzana ke devatA ke rUpa meM ziva kA hI ullekha kiyA hai 'akSapAdamate devaH sRSTisaMhArakRcchiva:'--13 yaha grantha bhI haribhadra ke SaDdarzanasamuccaya ke samAna kevala paricayAtmaka aura niSpakSa vivaraNa prastuta karatA hai aura AkAra meM mAtra 66 zloka pramANa hai| - jaina paramparA meM darzana-saMgrAhaka granthoM meM tIsarA krama rAjazekhara ( vikrama 1405 ) ke SaDadarzanasamuccaya kA pAtA hai| isa grantha meM jaina, sAMkhya, jaiminIya, yoga, vaizeSika aura saugata (bauddha)-ina chaha darzanoM kA bhI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| haribhadra ke samAna hI isa grantha meM bhI ina sabhI ko prAstika kahA gayA hai aura anta meM nAstika ke rUpa meM cArvAka darzana kA paricaya diyA gayA hai| haribhadra ke SaDdarzanasamuccaya aura rAjazekhara ke SaDdarzanasamuccaya meM eka mukhya antara isa bAta ko lekara hai ki darzanoM ke prastutIkaraNa meM jahA~ haribhadra jainadarzana ko cauthA sthAna dete haiM vahA~ rAjazekhara jainadarzana ko prathama sthAna dete haiM / paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI ke anusAra sambhavataH isakA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki rAjazekhara apane samakAlIna dArzanikoM ke abhinivezayukta prabhAva se apane ko dUra nahIM rakha ske| paM0 dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA kI sUcanA ke anusAra rAjazekhara ke kAla kA hI eka anya darzana saMgrAhaka grantha prAcArya merutaMgakRta SaDdarzana-nirNaya hai| isa grantha meM merutaMga ne bauddha 1. samadarzI AcArya haribhadra, pR0 43 / 2. samadarzI prAcArya haribhadra pR0 47 / 3. SaDdarzanasamuccaya-saM0 paM0 mahendrakumAra, prastAvanA pR0 19 /
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________________ dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kI sahiSNutA / 119 mImAMsA, sAMkhya, naiyAyika, vaizeSika ina chaha darzanoM kI mImAMsA kI hai kintu isa kRti meM haribhadra jaisI udAratA nahIM hai| yaha mukhyatayA jainamata kI sthApanA aura anya matoM ke khaNDana ke lie likhA gayA hai / eka mAtra isakI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM mahAbhArata, smRti, purANa Adi ke AdhAra para jainamata kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| paM0 dalasukhabhAI mAlavaNiyA ne SaDdarzanasamuccaya kI prastAvanA meM isa bAta kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki somatilakasarikRta SaDadarzanasamuccaya kI vatti ke anta meM ajJAtakRtaka eka kRti mudrita hai| isameM bhI jaina, naiyAyika, bauddha, vaizeSika, jaiminIya, sAMkhya aura cArvAka aise sAta darzanoM kA saMkSepa meM paricaya diyA gayA hai kintu anta meM anya darzanoM ko durnaya kI koTi meM rakhakara jainadarzana ko ucca zreNI meM rakhA gayA hai| isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki darzana-saMgrAhaka granthoM kI racanA meM bhAratIya itihAsa meM haribhadra hI ekamAtra aise vyakti rahe haiM, jinhoMne niSpakSa bhAva se aura pUrI prAmANikatA ke sAtha apane grantha meM anya darzanoM kA vivaraNa diyA hai / isa kSetra meM ve abhI taka advitIya haiM / samIkSA meM ziSTabhASA kA prayoga aura anya dharmapravartakoM ke prati bahumAna darzana ke kSetra meM apanI dArzanika avadhAraNAoM kI puSTi tathA virodhI avadhAraNAoM ke khaNDana ke prayatna atyanta prAcInakAla se hote rahe haiN| pratyeka darzana apane mantavyoM kI puSTi ke lie anya dArzanika matoM kI samAlocanA karatA hai| svapakSa kA maNDana tathA parapakSa kA khaNDana ---yaha dArzanikoM kI sAmAnya pravRtti rahI hai| haribhadra bhI isake apavAda nahIM haiN| phira bhI unakI vizeSatA hai ki anya dArzanika matoM kI samIkSA meM ve sadaiva hI ziSTa bhASA kA prayoga karate haiM tathA virodhI darzanoM ke pravartakoM ke lie bhI bahumAna pradarzita karate haiN| dArzanika samIkSAtroM ke kSetra meM eka yuga aisA rahA hai jisameM anya dArzanika paramparAoM ko na kevala bhraSTa rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jAtA thA apitu unake pravartakoM kA upahAsa bhI kiyA jAtA thaa| jaina aura jainetara donoM hI paramparAyeM isa pravRtti se apane ko mukta nahIM rakha skiiN| jaina paramparA ke siddhasena divAkara, samantabhadra Adi diggaja dArzanika bhI jaba anya dArzanika paramparAgoM kI samIkSA karate haiM to na kavala una paramparAmoM kI mAnyatAoM ke prati, apitu unake pravartakoM ke prati bhI cuTIle vyaMgya kasa dete haiN| haribhadra svayaM bhI apane lekhana ke prArambhika kAla meM isa pravRtti ke apavAda nahIM rahe haiN| jaina AgamoM kI TIkA meM aura dhartAkhyAna jaise granthoM kI racanA meM ve svayaM bhI isa prakAra ke caTIle vyaMgya kasate haiM kintu hama dekhate haiM ki vidvattA kI praur3hatA ke sAtha haribhadra meM dhIre-dhIre yaha pravRtti lupta ho jAtI hai aura apane paravartI granthoM meM ve anya paramparAoM aura unake pravartakoM ke prati atyanta ziSTa bhASA kA prayoga karate haiM tathA unake prati bahumAna sUcita karate haiN| isake kucha udaharaNa hameM unake grantha 'zAstravArtAsamuccaya' meM dekhane ko mila jAte haiM / apane grantha zAstravArtAsamuccaya ke prArambha meM hI grantha racanA kA uddezya .spaSTa karate hue ve likhate haiM yaM zrutvA sarvazAstreSu prAyastattvavinizcayaH / jAyate dveSazamanaH svargasiddhisukhAvahaH / / sammo dITo saMsAra samudra meM ma hI dIya hai 1. SaDzanasamuccaya-saM0 DaoN0 mahendrakumAra, prastAvanA pR0 20 /
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________________ caturthakhaNDa / 120 arthAt isakA adhyayana karane se anya darzanoM ke prati dveSabuddhi samApta hokara tattva kA bodha ho jAtA hai| isa grantha meM kapila ko divya puruSa evaM mahAmuni ke rUpa meM sUcita karate haiM- (kapilo divyo hi sa mahAmuniH zAstravArtAsamuccaya 237) / isI prakAra ve buddha ko bhI at, mahAmuni, surveca yAdi vizeSaNoM se abhihita karate haiM (yato buddho mahAmuniH suvaidyavat-vahI 465, 466) / yahA~ hama dekhate hai ki jahA~ eka ora anya dArzanika apane virodhI dArzanikoM kA khulakara parihAsa karate haiM-nyAyadarzana ke praNetA maharSi gautama ko gAya kA bachar3A yA baila aura maharSi kaNAda ko ullU kahate haiM, vahIM dUsarI ora haribhadra apane virodhiyoM ke lie mahAmuni aura haMtu jaise sammAnasUcaka vizeSaNoM kA prayoga karate haiN| zAstravArtAsamuccaya meM yadyapi anya dArzanika avadhAraNAoM kI spaSTa samAlocanA hai, kintu sampUrNa grantha meM aisA koI bhI udAharaNa nahIM milatA jahA~ haribhadra ne ziSTatA kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana kiyA ho| isa prakAra haribhadra ne anya paramparAmroM ke prati jisa ziSTatA aura Adara bhAvanA kA paricaya diyA vaha hameM jaina aura jainetara kisI bhI paramparA meM upalabdha nahIM hotI / haribhadra ne anya darzanoM ke adhyayana ke pazcAt unameM nihita sAratattva yA satya ko samajhane kA jo prayAsa kiyA hai, vaha bhI atyanta hI mahattvapUrNa hai aura unake udAracetA vyaktitva ko ujAgara karatA hai / yadyapi haribhadra cArvAka darzana kI samIkSA karate hue usake bhUta svabhAvavAda kA khaNDana karate haiM aura usake sthAna para karmavAda kI sthApanA karate haiN| kintu siddhAnta meM karma ke jo do rUpa -- dravyakarma aura bhAvakarma mAne gaye haiM usameM eka ora bhAvakarma ke sthAna ko svIkAra nahIM karane ke kAraNa jahA~ ve cArvAka darzana kI samIkSA karate haiM vahIM dUsarI ora ve dravyakarma kI avadhAraNA ko svIkAra karate hue cArvAka ke bhUtasvabhAvavAda kI sArthakatA ko bhI svIkAra karate haiM aura kahate haiM ki bhautika tattvoM kA prabhAva bhI caitanya para par3atA hai| paM0 sukhalAlajI saMghavI likhate haiM ki haribhadra ne donoM pakSoM arthAt bauddha evaM mImAMsakoM ke anusAra karmavAda ke prasaMga meM cittavAsanA kI pramukhatA ko tathA cArvAkoM ke anusAra bhautika tatva kI pramukhatA ko eka-eka pakSa ke rUpa meM paraspara pUraka evaM satya mAnakara kahA ki jaina karmavAda meM cAlaka aura mImAMsaka tathA bauddhoM ke mantavyoM kA sumela huA hai| isI prakAra zAstravArtAsamuccaya meM haribhadra yadyapi nyAya-vaizeSika darzanoM dvArA mAnya IzvaravAda evaM jagat-kartRtvavAda kI avadhAraNAoM kI samIkSA karate haiM, kintu jahA~ cArvAkoM, bauddhoM aura anya jaina prAcAryoM ne ina avadhAraNAoM kA khaNDana hI kiyA hai, vahA~ haribhadra inakI bhI sArthakatA ko svIkAra karate haiN| haribhadra ne IzvaravAda kI avadhAraNA meM bhI kucha mahatvapUrNa tathyoM ko dekhane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| prathama to yaha ki manuSya meM kaSTa ke samaya svAbhAvika rUpa se kisI aisI zakti ke prati zraddhA aura prapatti kI bhAvanA hotI hai jisake dvArA vaha apane meM AtmavizvAsa jAgRta kara ske| paM0 sukhalAlajI saMghavI likhate haiM www mAnava mana kI prapatti yA 1. karmaNo bhautikatvena yadvaitadapi sAmpratam 1 Atmano vyatiriktaM tat citrabhAvaM yato matam // zaktirUpaM tadanye tu sUrayaH sampracakSate 1 anye tu vAsanArUpaM vicitraphaladaM matam // zAstravArtAsamuccaya 95 96 2. samadarzI zrAcArya haribhadra pR0 53, 54 /
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________________ dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kI sahiSNutA / 121 zaraNAgati ko yaha bhAvanA mUla meM asatya to nahIM kahI jA sktii| unakI isa apekSA ko Thesa na pahuMce tathA tarka va buddhivAda ke sAtha IzvaravAdI avadhAraNA kA samanvaya bhI ho, isalie unhoMne (haribhadra ne) IzvarakartRtvavAda kI avadhAraNA apane DhaMga se spaSTa karane kA prayatna kiyA hai / haribhadra kahate haiM ki jo vyakti AdhyAtmika nirmalatA ke phalasvarUpa apane vikAsa kI uccatama bhUmikA ko prApta huA ho vaha asAdhAraNa prAtmA hai aura vahI Izvara yA siddha puruSa hai / usa Adarza svarUpa ko prApta karane ke kAraNa kartA tathA bhakti kA viSaya hone ke kAraNa upAsya hai| isake sAtha hI haribhadra yaha bhI mAnate haiM ki pratyeka jIva tattvata: apane zuddha rUpa meM paramAtmA aura apane bhaviSya kA nirmAtA hai aura isa dRSTi se yadi vicAra kareM to vaha 'Izvara' bhI hai aura 'kartA' bhI hai| isa prakAra Izvara katatvavAda bhI samIcIna hI siddha hotA hai| haribhadra sAMkhyoM ke prakRtivAda kI bhI samIkSA karate haiM kintu ve prakRti ko jaina paramparA meM svIkRta karmaprakRti ke rUpa meM dekhate haiN| ve likhate hai ki 'satya nyAya kI dRSTi se prakRti karmaprakRti hI hai aura isa rUpa meM prakRtivAda bhI ucita hai kyoMki usake vaktA kapila divya-puruSa aura mahAmuni haiN| zAstravArtAsamuccaya meM haribhadra ne bauddhoM ke kSaNikavAda, vijJAnavAda aura zUnyavAda kI bhI samIkSA kI hai kintu ve ina dhAraNAoM meM nihita satya ko bhI dekhane kA prayatna karate haiM aura kahate haiM ki mahAmuni aura arhat buddha uddezyahIna hokara kisI siddhAnta kA upadeza nahIM karate / unhoMne kSaNikavAda kA upadeza padArtha ke prati hamArI prAsakti ke nivAraNa ke lie hI diyA hai kyoMki jaba vastu kA anitya aura vinAzazIla svarUpa samajha meM A jAtA hai to usake prati prAsakti gaharI nahIM hotii| isI prakAra vijJAnavAda kA upadeza bhI bAhya padArthoM ke prati tRSNA ko samApta karane ke lie hI hai| yadi saba kucha citta ke vikalpa haiM aura bAhya rUpa satya nahIM hai to unake prati tRSNA utpanna hI nahIM hogI / isI prakAra kucha sAdhakoM kI manobhUmikA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara saMsAra kI niHsAratA kA bodha karAne ke lie zUnyavAda kA upadeza diyA hai| isa 1. samadarzI prAcArya haribhadra, pR0 55 / 2. tatazcezvarakartRtvavAdo'yaM yujyate param / samyagnyAyAvirodhena yathA''huH zuddha buddhataH / / IzvaraH paramAtmaiva taduktavratasevanAt / yato muktistatastasyAH kartA syAd guNabhAvataH / / tadanAsevanAdeva yatsaMsAro'pi tattvataH / tena tasyApi kartRtvaM kalpyamAnaM na duSyati // -zAstravArtAsamuccaya, 203-205 3. paramaizvaryayuktatvAnmataH Atmaiva ceshvrH| sa ca karteti nirdoSaH kartRvAdo vyavasthitaH // -vahI, 207 4. prakRti cApi sannyAyAtkarmaprakRtimeva hi // evaM prakRtivAdo'pi vijJeyaH satya eva hi| - kapiloktatvatazcaiva divyo hi sa mhaamuniH|-vhii 232-237 5. anye tvabhidadhatyevametadAsthAnivRttaye / kSaNikaM sarvameveti buddhenoktaM na tattvataH / / vijJAnamAtramapyevaM bAhyasaMganivRttaye / vineyAn kAMzcidAzritya yadvA taddezanArhataH ||-shaasr0 464-465 // dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai www.jainelibrancora
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________________ caturthakhaNDa / 122 prakAra haribhadra kI dRSTi meM bauddhadarzana ke kSaNikavAda, vijJAnavAda aura zUnyavAda - ina tInoM siddhAtoM kA mUla uddezya yahI hai ki vyakti kI jagat ke prati utpanna hone vAlI tRSNA kA prahANa ho / advaitavAda kI samIkSA karate hue haribhadra spaSTa rUpa se yaha batAte haiM ki sAmAnya kI dRSTi se to advaita kI avadhAraNA bhI satya hai| isake sAtha hI sAtha ve yaha bhI batAte haiM ki viSamatA ke nivAraNa ke lie aura samabhAva kI sthApanA ke lie advaita kI bhUmikA bhI prAva zyaka hai| advaita parAvepana kI bhAvanA kA niSedha karatA hai isa prakAra dveSa kA upazamana karatA hai ataH vaha bhI asatya nahIM kahA jA sktaa| isI prakAra advaita vedAnta ke jJAna mArga ko bhI ve samIcIna hI svIkAra karate haiM / " uparyukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki anya dArzanika avadhAraNAoM kI samIkSA kA unakA prayatna samIkSA ke lie na hokara una dArzanika paramparAoM kI satyatA ke mUlyAMkana ke lie hI hai| svayaM unhoMne zAstravAtasamuccaya ke prAkkathana meM yaha spaSTa kiyA hai ki prastuta grantha kA uddezya anya paramparAnoM ke prati dveSa kA upazamana karanA aura satya kA bodha karAnA hai / uparyukta vivaraNa se yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki unhoMne ImAnadArI se pratyeka dArzanika mAnyatA ke mUlabhUta uddezyoM ko samajhAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai aura isa prakAra ve grAlocaka ke sthAna para satya ke gaveSaka hI adhika pratIta hote haiM / anya darzanoM kA gambhIra adhyayana evaM unakI niSpakSa vyAkhyA bhAratIya dArzanikoM meM apane se itara paramparAmroM ke gambhIra adhyayana kI pravRtti prArambha meM hameM dRSTigata nahIM hotI hai| bAdarAyaNa, jaiminIya Adi diggaja vidvAn bhI jaba darzanoM kI samAlocanA karate haiM to aisA lagatA hai ki ve dUsare darzanoM ko apane satahI jJAna ke aAdhAra para bhrAntarUpa meM prastuta karake unakA khaNDana kara dete haiN| yaha satya hai ki anekAntika evaM samanvayAtmaka dRSTi ke kAraNa anya darzanoM ke gambhIra adhyayana kI paramparA kA vikAsa sarvaprathama jaina dArzanikoM ne hI kiyA hai| aisA lagatA hai ki haribhadra ne samAlocya pratyeka darzana kA ImAnadArI pUrvaka gambhIra adhyayana kiyA thA, kyoMki isake binA ve na to una darzanoM meM nihita satyoM ko samajhA sakate the, na unakI svastha samIkSA hI kara sakate the aura na unakA jaina mantavyoM ke sAtha samanvaya kara sakate the| haribhadra anya darzanoM ke adhyayana taka hI sImita nahIM rahe, apitu unhoMne unake kucha mahattvapUrNa granthoM para taTastha bhAva se TIkA bhI likhI / diGnAga ke 'nyAyapraveza' para unakI TIkA mahatvapUrNa mAnI jAtI hai| pataJjali ke yogasUtra kA unakA adhyayana bhI kAphI gambhIra pratIta hotA hai kyoMki unhoMne usIke AdhAra para evaM navIna dRSTikoNa se yogadRSTisamuccaya, yogabindu, yogavizati zrAdi granthoM kI racanA kI thI / 1. anye vyAkhyAnayantyevaM samabhAvaprasiddhaye / / advaitadezanA zAstre nirdiSTA na tu tattvataH // 2. jJAnayogAvato muktiriti samyag vyavasthitam tantrAntarAnurodhena gItaM cetyaM na doSakRt // 3. yaM zrutvA sarvazAstreSu prAyastattva vinizcayaH / jAyate dveSazamanaH svarga siddhisukhAvahaH // vahI, 550 // -vahI, 579 - vahI, 2 -
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________________ "dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kI sahiSNutA / 123 isa prakAra haribhadra jaina aura jainetara paramparAnoM ke eka ImAnadAra adhyetA evaM vyAkhyAkAra bhI haiN| jisa prakAra prazastapAda ne darzana granthoM kI TIkA likhate samaya tad-tad darzanoM ke mantavyoM kA anusaraNa karate hue taTastha bhAva rakhA, usI prakAra haribhadra ne bhI itara paramparAoM kA vivecana karate samaya taTastha bhAva rakhA hai| andhavizvAsoM kA nirbhIka rUpa se khaNDana yadyapi haribhadra anya dhArmika evaM dArzanika paramparAmoM ke prati eka udAra aura sahiSNa daSTikoNa ko lekara calate haiM kintu isakA tAtparya yaha nahIM haiM ki ve unake atarkasaMgata andhavizvAsoM ko prazraya dete haiM / eka aora anya paramparAmoM ke prati AdarabhAva rakhate hue unameM nihita satyoM ko svIkAra karate haiM, to dUsarI ora unameM pala rahe andhavizvAsoM kA nirbhIka rUpa se khaNDana bhI karate haiM / isa dRSTi se unakI do racanAe~ bahuta hI mahattvapUrNa haiM-(1) dhUrtAkhyAna aura (2) dvijavadanacapeTA / dhartAkhyAna meM unhoMne paurANika paramparA meM pala rahe andhavizvAsoM kA sacoTa nirasana kiyA hai| haribhadra ne dhartAkhyAna meM vaidika paramparA meM vikasita isa dhAraNA kA khaNDana kiyA hai ki brahmA ke mukha se brAhmaNa, bAhu se kSatriya, peTa se vaizya tathA paira se zUdra utpanna hue haiN| isI prakAra kucha paurANika mAnyatAoM yathA zaMkara ke dvArA apanI jaTAoM meM gaMgA ko samA lenA, vAyu ke dvArA hanumAna kA janma, sUrya ke dvArA kuntI se karNa kA janma, hanumAna ke dvArA pUre parvata ko uThA lAnA, vAnaroM ke dvArA setu bA~dhanA, zrIkRSNa ke dvArA govardhana parvata dhAraNa karanA / gaNeza kA pArvatI ke zarIra ke maila se utpanna honA, pArvatI kA himAlaya kI putrI honA Adi aneka paurANika mAnyatAoM kA vyaMgyAtmaka zailI meM nirasana kiyA hai| haribhadra dhUrtAkhyAna meM kathA ke mAdhyama se kucha kAlpanika bAteM prastuta karate haiM aura phira kahate haiM ki yadi purANoM meM kahI gayI uparokta bAteM satya haiM to ye satya kyoM nahIM ho sktiiN| isa prakAra dhartAkhyAna meM ve vyaMgyAtmaka kintu ziSTa zailI meM paurANika mithyA-vizvAsoM kI samIkSA karate haiN| isI prakAra dvijavadanacapeTA meM bhI unhoMne brAhmaNaparamparA meM pala rahI mithyA dhAraNAoM evaM varNavyavasthA kA sacoTa khaNDana kiyA hai / haribhadra satya ke samarthaka haiM, kintu andhavizvAsoM evaM mithyA mAnyatAnoM ke kaThora samIkSaka bhI haiM / tarka yA buddhivAda kA samarthana haribhadra meM yadyapi eka dhArmika kI zraddhA hai kintu ve zraddhA ko tarkavirodhI nahIM mAnate haiN| unake lie tarka se rahita zraddhA upAdeya nahIM hai| ve spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM ki na to mahAvIra ke prati merA koI rAga hai aura na kapila Adi ke prati koI dveSa hI hai pakSapAto na me vIre, na dveSa: kapilAdiSu / yuktimad vacanaM yasya, tasya kAryaH parigrahaH / / -lokatattvanirNaya 38 unake kahane kA tAtparya yahI hai ki satya ke gaveSaka aura sAdhanA ke pathika ko pUrvAgrahoM se mukta hokara vibhinna mAnyatAoM kI samIkSA karanI cAhie aura unameM jo bhI yuktisaMgata lage use svIkAra karanA cAhie / yadyapi isake sAtha hI ve buddhivAda se panapane vAle doSoM ke prati bhI saceSTa haiM / ve spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahate haiM ki yukti aura tarka kA upayoga kevala apanI dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ caturtha khaNDa / 124 mAnyatAoM kI puSTi ke lie hI nahIM kiyA jAnA cAhie apitu satya kI khoja ke lie kiyA jAnA cAhie prAgrahI vata ninISa ti yukti, tatra yatra matirasya niviSTA / niSpakSapAtasya tu yuktiryatra, tatra tasya matireti nivezam / / AgrahI vyakti apanI yukti (tarka) kA prayoga bhI vahIM karatA hai jise vaha siddha athavA khaNDita karanA cAhatA hai jabaki anAgrahI yA niSpakSa vyakti jo use yuktisaMgata lagatA hai use svIkAra karatA hai / isa prakAra haribhadra na kevala yukti yA tarka ke samarthaka haiM kintu ve yaha bhI spaSTa karate haiM ki tarka yA yukti kA prayoga apanI mAnyatAoM kI puSTi yA apane virodhI kI mAnyatA ke khaNDana ke lie na karake satya kI gaveSaNA ke lie karanA cAhie aura jahA~ bhI satya parilakSita ho use svIkAra karanA cAhie / isa prakAra ve zuSka tArkika na hokara satyaniSTha tAkika haiN| karmakANDa ke sthAna para sadAcAra para bala haribhadra kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki unhoMne dharmasAdhanA ko karmakANDa ke sthAna para AdhyAtmika pavitratA aura cAritrika nirmalatA ke sAtha jor3ane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| yadyapi jaina paramparA meM sAdhanA ke aMgoM ke rUpa meM darzana (zraddhA), jJAna aura cAritra (zIla) ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| haribhadra bhI dharmasAdhanA ke kSetra meM ina tInoM kA sthAna svIkAra karate haiM, kintu ve yaha mAnate haiM ki na to zraddhA ko andhazraddhA bananA cAhie, na jJAna ko kutarka prAzrita honA cAhie aura na AcAra ko kevala bAhyakarmakANDoM taka sImita rakhanA caahie| ve kahate hai ki jina para merI zraddhA kA kAraNa rAga bhAva nahIM hai apitu unake upadeza kI yuktisaMgatatA hai| isa prakAra ve zraddhA ke sAtha buddhi jor3ate haiN| kintu nirA tarka bhI unheM iSTa nahIM hai / ve kahate haiM ki tarka kA vAgjAla vastutaH eka vikRti hai jo hamArI zraddhA evaM mAnasika zAnti ko bhaMga karane vAlI hai| vaha jJAna kA abhimAna utpanna karane ke kAraNa bhAva-zatru hai| isalie mukti ke icchuka ko tarka ke vAgjAla se apane ko mukta rakhanA caahie|' vastutaH ve samyagjJAna aura tarka meM eka antara sthApita karate haiM / tarka kevala vikalpoM kA sRjana karatA hai ataH unakI dRSTi meM nirI tArkikatA AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM bAdhaka hI hai| zAstravArtAsamuccaya meM unhoMne dharma ke do vibhAga kiye haiM-eka saMjJAna-yoga aura dUsarA puNya lakSaNa / jJAnayoga vastutaH zAzvata satyoM kI aparokSAnubhUti hai aura isa prakAra vaha tAkika jJAna se bhinna hai / haribhadra andhazraddhA se mukta hone ke lie tarka evaM yukti ko Avazyaka mAnate haiM kintu unakI dRSTi meM tarka yA yukti ko satya kA gaveSaka honA cAhie na ki khnnddn-mnnddnaatmk| khaNDana-maNDanAtmaka tarka yA yukti sAdhanA ke kSetra meM upayogI nahIM hai, isa tathya kI vistRta carcA unhoMne apane grantha yogadRSTisamuccaya meM kI hai| isI prakAra dhAmika prAcAra ko bhI ve zuSka karmakANDa se pRthaka rakhanA cAhate haiM / yadyapi haribhadra ne karmakANDa paraka grantha likhe haiN| kintu paM0 sukhalAla saMghavI ne 1. yogadRSTisamuccaya 87 evaM 88 / 2. zAstravAsimuccaya, 20 / 3. yogadRSTisamuccaya, 86-101 /
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________________ dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kI sahiSNutA / 125 pratiSThAkalpa Adi ko haribhadra dvArA racita mAnane meM sandeha kiyA hai| haribhadra ke samasta upadezAtmaka sAhitya, dhAvaka evaM muni AcAra se sambandhita sAhitya ko dekhane se aisA lagatA hai ki ve dhArmika jIvana ke lie sadAcAra para hI adhika bala dete haiM / unhoMne apane granthoM meM yAcAra sambandhI jina bAtoM kA nirdeza kiyA hai ve bhI mukhyatayA vyakti ko cAritrika nirmalatA aura kaSAyoM ke upazamana ke nimitta hI hai| jIvana meM kaSAya upazAnta ho samabhAva sadhe yahI unakI dRSTi meM sAdhanA kA mukhya uddezya hai| dharma ke nAma para panapane vAle thothe karmakANDa evaM jIvana kI unhoMne khulakara nindA kI hai aura muniveza meM aihikatA kA poSaNa karane vAloM ko Ar3e hAthoM liyA hai| unakI dRSTi meM dharma sAdhanA kA artha hai adhyAtma bhAvanA dhyAnaM samatA vRttisaMkSayaH / mokSeNa yojanAd yoga eSa zreSTho yathottaram // yogabindu 31 sAdhanAgata vividhatA meM ekatA kA darzana dharmasAdhanA ke kSetra meM upalabdha vividhatAoM kA bhI unhoMne samyak - samAdhAna khojA hai / jisa prakAra gItA meM vividha devoM kI upAsanA ko yuktisaMgata siddha karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai usI prakAra haribhadra ne bhI sAdhanAgata vividhatAoM ke bIca eka samanvaya sthApita karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| ve likhate haiM ki jisa prakAra rAjA ke vibhinna sevaka apane dhAvAra aura vyavahAra meM alaga-alaga hokara bhI rAjA ke sevaka haiM--usI prakAra sarvajJoM dvArA pratipAdita AcAra paddhatiyA~ bAhyataH bhinna-bhinna hokara bhI tattvataH eka hI haiM / sarvajJoM kI dezanA meM nAma Adi kA bheda hotA hai tattvataH bheda nahIM hotA hai / " haribhadra kI dRSTi meM prAcAragata ghora sAdhanAgata jo bhinnatA hai vaha mukhya rUpa se do zrAdhAroM para hai / eka to sAdhakoM kI rucigata vibhinnatA ke AdhAra para aura dUsarI nAmoM kI bhinnatA ke AdhAra para / ve spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM ki RSiyoM ke upadeza meM jo bhinnatA hai vaha upAsakoM kI yogyatA ke AdhAra para hai / jisa prakAra eka vaidya alaga-alaga vyaktiyoM ko unakI prakRti kI bhinnatA ke AdhAra para dhaura roga kI bhinnatA ke AdhAra para alaga-alaga zrauSadhi pradAna karatA hai, usI prakAra mahAtmA jana bhI saMsAra rUpI vyAdhi haraNa karane hetu sAdhakoM kI prakRti ke anurUpa sAdhanA kI bhinna-bhinna vidhiyAM batAte haiM ve punaH karate haiM ki RSiyoM ke upadeza kI bhinnatA, upAsakoM kI prakRtigata bhinnatA athavA dezakAlagata bhinnatA ke AdhAra para hokara tattvataH eka hI hotI hai| vastutaH viSaya vAsanAoM se prAkrAnta logoM ke dvArA RSiyoM kI sAdhanAgata vividhatA ke AdhAra para svayaM dharma sAdhanA kI upAdeyatA para koI praznacihna lagAnA anucita hI hai| vastutaH haribhadra kI mAnyatA yaha hai ki dharma sAdhanA ke kSetra meM bAhya 3 1. yogadRSTisamuccaya 107, 108, 109 / 2. citrA tu dezanaiteSAM syAd vineyAnuguNyataH / yasmAdete mahAtmAno bhavavyAdhibhiSagvarAH // yogadRSTisamuccaya, 134 3. yadvA tattanayApekSA tarakAlAdiniyogataH / RSibhyo dezanA citrA tanmUlaiSA'pi tattvataH // - yoga dRSTisamuccaya, 138 dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM dharma hI dIpa hai
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________________ caturthakhaNDa / 126 AcAragata bhinnatA yA upAsya kI nAmagata bhinnatA bahuta hI mahatvapUrNa nahIM hai mahatvapUrNa yahI hai ki vyakti apane jIvana meM vAsanAtroM kA kitanA zamana kara sakA hai, usakI kaSAyeM kitanI zAnta huI haiM aura usake jIvana meM samabhAva aura anAsakti kitanI sadhI hai / mokSa ke sambandha meM udAra dRSTikoNa haribhadra granya dharmAcAyoM ke samAna yaha abhiniveza nahIM rakhate haiM ki mukti kevala hamArI sAdhanA paddhati yA hamAre dharma se hI hogii| unakI dRSTi meM mukti kevala hamAre dharma meM hai aisI avadhAraNA hI bhrAnta hai| ve spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM ki // nAzAmbaratve na sitAmbaratve, na tarkavAde na ca tattvavAde / na pakSasevAzrayaNena muktiH kaSAyamuktiH kila muktireva // arthAt mukti na to sapheda vastra pahanane se hotI hai na digambara rahane se tArkika vAda-vivAda aura tattvacarcA se bhI mukti prApta nahIM ho sktii| kisI eka siddhAntavizeSa meM AsthA rakhane yA kisI vyaktivizeSa kI sevA karane se bhI mukti sambhava hai / mukti to vastutaH kaSAyoM arthAt krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha se mukta hone meM hai / ve spaSTa rUpa se isa bAta kA pratipAdana karate haiM ki mukti kA AdhAra koI dharma sampradAya athavA vizeSa veSabhUSA nahIM hai / vastutaH jo vyakti samabhAva kI sAdhanA karegA, vItarAga dazA ko prApta karegA vahI mukta hogA / unake zabdoM meM- seyaMbaro ya AsaMvaro ya buddho ya ahava anno vA / samabhAvabhAvippA laheya mukkhaM na saMdeho // arthAt jo bhI samabhAva kI sAdhanA karegA vaha nizcita hI mokSa ko prApta karegA phira cAhe vaha zvetAmbara ho yA digambara ho, bauddha ho yA anya kisI dharma ko mAnane vAlA ho / sAdhanA ke kSetra meM upAsya kA nAmabheda mahattvapUrNa nahIM haribhadra kI dRSTi meM dhArAdhya ke nAmabhedoM ko lekara dharma ke kSetra meM vivAda karanA ucita nahIM hai / lokatattvanirNaya meM ve kahate haiM yasya nikhilAzca doSA na santi sarve guNAzca vidyante / , brahmA vA viSNurvA haro jino vA namastasmai // vastutaH jisake sabhI doSa vinaSTa ho cuke haiM aura jinameM sabhI guNa vidyamAna haiM phira use cAhe brahmA kahA jAye, cAhe viSNu, cAhe jina kahA jAya usameM bheda nahIM vastutaH sabhI dharma aura darzanoM meM usa paramatattva yA paramasattA ko rAga-dveSa, tRSNA aura Asakti se rahita viSaya-vAsanAoM se Upara uThI huI pUrNatrajJa tathA paramakAruNika mAnA gayA hai| kintu hamArI dRSTi usa parama tatva ke mUlabhUta svarUpa para na hokara nAmoM para TikI hotI hai aura isI ke AdhAra para hama vivAda karate haiN| jabaki yaha nAmoM kA bheda apane Apa meM koI artha nahIM rakhatA hai / yogadRSTisamuccaya meM ve likhate haiM ki sadAzivaH paraM brahma siddhAtmA tathAgataH / zabdastad ucyate'nvarthAd ekaM evaivamAdibhiH //
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________________ dharma aura darzana ke kSetra meM haribhadra kI sahiSNutA / 127 arthAt sadAziva, parabrahma, siddhAtmA, tathAgata Adi nAmoM meM kevala zabda bheda hai| unakA artha to eka hI hai| vastuta: yaha nAmoM kA vivAda tabhI taka rahatA hai jaba taka hama usa AdhyAtmika sattA kI anubhUti nahIM kara pAte haiN| vyakti jaba vItarAga, vItatRSNa yA anAsakti kI bhUmikA kA sparza karatA hai taba usake sAmane nAmoM kA yaha vivAda nirarthaka ho jAtA hai / vastutaH ArAdhya ke nAmoM kI bhinnatA bhASAgata bhinnatA hai svarUpagata bhinnatA nhiiN| vastutaH jo ina nAmoM ke vivAdoM meM ulajhatA hai, vaha anubhUti se vaMcita ho jAtA hai| ve kahate haiM ki jo usa parama tattva kI anubhUti kara letA hai usake lie yaha zabda-gata samasta vivAda nirarthaka ho jAte haiM / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki eka udAracetA, samanvayazIla aura satyaniSTha prAcAryoM meM haribhadra ke samatulya kisI anya prAcArya ko khoja pAnA kaThina hai| apanI ina vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa bhAratIya dArzanikoM ke itihAsa meM ve advitIya aura anupama haiN| -nidezaka pAvanAtha vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna AI0 TI0 AI0 roDa, vArANasI-5 dhammo dIyo saMsAra samudra meM ma hI dIya hai| www.jainelibrary.erg