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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra
www.kobatirth.org
Acharya Shri Kailashsagarsuri Gyanmandir
774
Atman and Mokşa
(12) Īs'vara (God)
Išvara or God is admitted by all the systems except those which are atheistic in nature. There is no place for God in Cārvākism, Buddhism, Jainism, Samkhya, Mimamsa systems on various grounds. All other systeins except these admit the existence of God as the all-pervading, infinite, omniscient, omnipotent being. He is also supposed to be the creator, sustainer, and destroyer of the world. The Carvakas deny the existence of God on the ground of not being perceived by sense organs. Bauddhas (Mabāyāna) admit something like God in the form of the Dharmakāya. God in the Nyāya-Vais'esika systems is the governor and controller of the world; He distributes pleasure and pain in accordance with the adsstas of the souls. Samkhya rejects the existence of God as unnecessary; the Reality is dual in it. Mimāmsakas believe in the supremacy and in the eternity of the words of the S'ruti; the deities to which sacrifices are offered are imaginary superior beings : but they deny the existence of God to maintain the final supremacy of the words of the S'ịti. Śamikara denies the existence of God as the Ultimate Reality; his Ultimate Reality is nirguna (attributeless) but he gives place to God in his system as the penultimate Reality, the saguna Brahman, Brahman-qualified by Máyá and possessing other attributes like omnipotence, omniscience, omnipresence, infinite love, and mercy and the power to combat the evil forces of the world. God too has a comparatively illusory existence, according to Him. Ramanuja identifies the Brahman
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