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THE SYSTEMS OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHY
ignorance and acquired wisdom, and therefore the ideas. I am' etc. do not occur to him." This belief in self or soul is regarded in Buddhism so distinctly as a heresy that two well-known words in Buddhist terminology have been coined on purpose to stigmatize it. The first of these is orgfargthe heresy of individuality-one of the three primary delusions which must be abandoned at the very first stage of the Buddhist path of freedom. The other is 377191€, the doctrine of soul or self; it is classed with sensuality, heresy and belief in the efficacy of rites-as one of the four. 391579756 which are the immediate cause of birth, death, sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief and despair.
There is another Buddhist work called Jaga in which Gautama discusses 62 different kinds of wrong belief; among them are those held by men who believe that the soul and the world are eternal, that there is no newly existing substance but these remain as a mountain peak unshaken, immovable, that living beings pass away, they transmigrate, they die and are born but these continue as being eternal. With regard to these Gautama says: “Upon what principle do these mendicants and Brahmins hold the doctrine of future existence? They teach that the soul is material or immaterial or is both or neither, that it is finite, or infinite or is both or neither, that it will have one or many modes of consciousness, that its perceptions will be few or boundless, that it will be in a state of joy, or of misery, or of both or of neither. These are the sixteen heresies teaching a conscious existence after death. Then there are eight heresies teaching that the soul material or immaterial or both or neither, finite or infinite or both or neither has an unconscious
6. In the language of Abhidhammathasangaho, they will be
अत्तवादुपादानं, कामुपादानं, दिदुपादानं, सीलव्वतुपादानं.
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