________________
108
THE SYSTEMS OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHY
illness is suffering, death is suffering. Presence of objects we hate is suffering, not to obtain [objects] we desire is suffering. Briefly, the fivefold clinging to existence, i.e. clinging to the five aggregates, is suffering.” What are those five aggregates ? In Buddhist philosophy man is a compound of five aggregates. These are 4 or the material aggregatesthe first of the five. They include the four elements, earth, water, fire and air, five organs of sense, eye, ear, nose, tongue and body, five attributes of matter, form, sound, smell, taste and touch, two distinctions of sex, male and female. three essential conditions. thought. vitality and space, two means of communication, gesture and speech, seven qualities of living bodies, buoyancy, elasticity, power of adaptation, power of aggregation, duration, decay, change. The second
5. Abhidhammathasangaho, a standard manual of Theravada
philosophy, would enumerate these 28 forms of matter as follows: 1-4 पथवीधातु, आपोधातु, तेजोधातु, वायोधातु (collectively known
as भूतरूपं), 5-9 चक्खु, सोतं, धानं, जिव्हा, कायो (collectively known as
पसादरूपं), 10-14 रूपं, सद्दो, गन्धो, रसो, फोहब्बं (collectively known as
गोचररूपं), 15-16 पुरिसत्तं, इत्थित्तं (collectively known as भावरूपं), 17 हृदयवत्थु (i.e. हृदयरूपं)
जीवितिन्द्रियं (i.e. जीवितरूपं)
आकासधातु (i.e. परिच्छेदरू) 20-21 कायविश्नत्ति, वचीविनत्ति (i.e. विन्नत्तिरूपं) 22-28 रूपस्स लहुता, मुदुता, कम्मन्नता (collectively known as
विकाररूपं) रूपरस उपचयो, सन्तति, जरता, अविच्चता (collectively known as लक्खणरूपं)
18
19
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
