________________
116
THE SYSTEMS OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHY
already quoted Gautama as saying that it is heresy to to say that there is any such thing as 37TAT. Soul and spirit, 3TIERT and Brahma, are all identical in Indian philosophies and an attempt to put into the mouth of Gautama views which he never maintained is a fruitless attempt.
(i) If a man does not attain, while he is living, the state of Paetut he is liable to future birth. Gautama did not belive in the existence of a soul, but nevertheless the theory of transmigration of souls was too deeply implanted in the Hindu mind to be eradicated and Gautama therefore adhered to the theory of transmigration without accepting the theory of soul! But if there is no soul, what is it that undergoes transmigration ? The reply is given in the Buddhist doctrine of Fai which in its result corresponds to the Jaina and Hindu doctrines of FÅ but in its foundation is entirely different from them. The doctrine is that if or the doing of a man cannot die but must necessarily lead to its legitimate result. And when a sentiert being dies a new being is produced according to the train of the being that is dead. The cause which produces the new being is Jouri (thirst) or 371914 (grasping). Sensations originate in the contact of the organs of sense with the exterior world; from sensations springs a desire to satisfy a felt want, a yearning, a thirst. From thirst results a grasping after objects to satisfy that desire, that grasping state of mind causes a new being (not, of course, a new soul, but a new set of tas, a new body with mental tendencies and capabilities). The fall of the previous set of cats or sentient being then determines the locality, nature and future of the new set of Fonts or the new sentient being. Gautama said that in his philosophy four things are incomprehensible. The first is the effects of .
Jain Education International
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
