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The Rāmāyana of Bhadreśvara
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abridgment, he omits detailed descriptions of mountains and forests, battles and long sermons which occupy so much space in the Pc. After giving the Jain names of Rama, Laksmana, Surpanakha, Kumbhakarma etc.. he hastens to add: एसो (पउमो) य रामो नाम लोए पसिद्ध[द्धिं-] गयो। एसो (नारायणो) य लक्खणो नाम लोए पसिहो ।...चंदनही नाग जा लोए पशिद्धा गुम्पनहा नाम । एसो (भाणयगणो) य कुंभकरणो नामलोए पसिद्धो and so on. From these remarks it is evident that the Jain writers did not succeed in their attempt to popularise the names given by them to some of the important characters in the Hindu Rāmāyana. There are some very minor and unimportant details where he differs from his model: e.g., Aparājitá sees four objects in her dream-- 1 An elephant, 2 a lion, 3 the sun and 4 the moon, and Sumitrā seven: the four mentioned above and 5 fire, 6 ocean and 7 Lakşmi5 He mentions 1 Rohini 2 Prajñapti 3 Gauri and 4 Gandhari as the principal among the Vidyās obtained by Ravana. of these lst, 3rd and the 4th are not to be found in the long list given by Pc. The reason put forward by the exiled brothers while declining Śūrpanakha's amorous advances is quite characteristic: पिउगा अदिगणनारिं अम्हे कइया वि नेच्छामो। Rāma sends Laksmana after Surpanakha to find out who she really was. Laksmana goes a little distance, returns and reports to Rama of the disappearance of that lovely maiden. Rāma remarks : न एसा मुंदरा महिला अपर समिमीप मिशा म्हंगभवी कोधि विवायो त्ति ।
Bhadreśvara gives 15000 years as the period of Rama's life as against 17000 years mentioned in the Pc. Thereare to be found slight changes also in the spelling of some names e.g., "Rämana,' Candranakhi, Kekkasi (mother of Rāvana) and so on. The most important changes are, however, the additions he has made to the later history of Räma. Bhadresvara's Contribution to the development of the story of Rama
A dream dreamt by Sità indicates that she would give birth to two heroic sons. Sita is very happy at this. Her co-wives, however, become extremely jealous of her. They
noeuvre to get Rävana's feet delineated by Sita and try to poison Rama's mind saying
5.
6.
Cl. Pc. XXVvv. 2-5. The original passages are as follows :
अह् सीया-रामाणं पेम्म दट्टा सेरादेवी यो । गुरुमच्छरेणं सीयागोडीठियायो गति । रामणमा लिहि सीए दरिसमु जममनोज (?) ति । सीया वि निव्यियप्पा रामणकमजुयलमालिहा। होस तु तरम म्वं न मए दि ति वोन जाइ गिह। नहागागयरामनायो विमति सामीन । रामग कम्म [-म-] जुगमनवि सरित्त सीयाए पेच्छ जं लिहियं । रामो न किंपिपद गंभीरत्नग द पि । सेवेद संदेव सीयं देवी हि वि सिनखांवन दासीर । तं सीया सुदपयं करावियं । खुद्द जगा जलिय (?)॥
