________________
i) Primary Treatment:
Physical processes that remove non-homogenizable solids and make it homogeneous.
ii) Secondary Treatment:
Biological processes that remove most of the Biological Oxygen Demand
iii) Tertiary Treatment:
Physical, biological and chemical processes to remove nutrients like phosphorous and organic pollutants, to deodorize effluent and to carry out further oxidation.
(6) Age old practices:
Surprisingly, there is a well-established practice, followed by Jain laity (Shravaks) to make water palatable. First, they allow the impurities to settle down for decanting. Then the drinking water is taken from it after filtering it with a thick piece of cotton cloth, folded twice. The rule further specifies that the cloth used should be dipped/washed in the remaining unfiltered water. The idea behind this practice is to ensure that the creatures or micro-organisms are not deprived from their habitats.
For the more conscious shravakas/laity, this filtered water is further boiled or converted into dhovana, before they can take it for drinking purpose. This type of water is considered to be non-living water and is found to be more suitable for Sadhakas health and vows.
(7) Clean Fuel Hydrogen from Water
Water can be used to produce clean fluel like Hydrogen. It can be produced by electrolysis of water. But it is a very energy intensive and expensive process. Scientists are trying to achieve electrolysis of water using cheap energy of sunlight.
In this process of electrolysis, protons (positively charged hydrogen ions) are reduced to hydrogen at cathode, whereas at the anode the oxidation of water produces oxygen.
Latest goal of the researchers is to get this energy intensive process replaced by low energy process by using sunlight. Experiments were conducted to split water into hydrogen and oxygen with the help of
Jain Education International
(213)
For Private & Personal Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
