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Practice of Non-Violence
Nations to apply such measures. These may include complete or partial interruption of economic relations and of rail, sea, air, postal, telegraphic, radio and other means of communication, and the severance of diplomatic relations. Furthermore, Articles 42 states: Should the Security Council consider that measures provided for in Article 41 would be inadequate or have proved to be inadequate; it may take such action by air, sea or land forces as may be necessary to maintain or restore international peace and security. Such action may include demonstrations, blockade, and other operations by air, sea, or land forces of Members of the United Nations. According to Article 43, All members of the United Nations, in order to contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security, undertake to make available to the Security Council, on its call and in accordance with a special agreement or agreements, armed forces, assistance, and facilities including the rights of passage, necessary for the purpose of maintaining international peace and security.
The United Nations Charter was based on the principle of sovereign equality of states on the one hand, and the special responsibility of five big powers on the other, for maintaining the peace. In the executive organ, the Security Council, these powers must act together to enforce peace; and each could exercise a right of veto upon any action to which it did not consent. The Charter recognized the place of power in the world, both in the composition and the functions of the Security Council and in the provision that the General Assembly should make decisions on important questions by a two-thirds majority of the members present and voting. The aim, however, was to initiate a rudimentary form of World Government. . Unhappily, after a few years, the Big Powers fell out, and instead of acting together to maintain peace, they engaged in a cold war between the Soviet Union, and latter Communist China, on the one side and the Western Powers on the other. The articles of the Charter that dealt with military sanctions and the formation of a United Nations Force under the Security Council were a dead letter; but an extension of the functions of the General Assembly, enabling it to adopt a resolution for action to assure peace, was a way round the deadlock in the Security Council.
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