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PRABUDDHJEEVAN
MAY 2017
Party won the general election in 1948 under the slogan and Reconciliation Commission to investigate gross "apartheid" (literally "separateness") and in 1950 human rights violations that occurred in the previous Apartheid became the law. A series of Land Acts set 35 years. The intent was to prevent reoccurrence of aside more than 80 percent of the country's land for atrocities and to unify the country. The commission left the white minority, and "pass laws" required non-whites crucial questions about apartheid-era atrocities to carry documents authorizing their presence in unanswered. After much debate, South Africa's TRC restricted areas.
was the first truth commission to offer amnesty to Racial segregation and white supremacy was not individuals who fully confessed in public their role in only legalized, it was brutally enforced. Blacks were politically motivated crimes. This initiative rejected the forced out of their homes and forced to live in judicial concept of "Retributive Justice" and adopted designated black hamlets. Multitude cases of rape, noble concept of "Restorative Justice". TRC model torture, deaths in detention, political assassinations and is often seen as a model of conflict resolution. even human burning were carried out by whites against
*** * ** * the blacks. Any resistance by native blacks was brutally Rwanda, a small landlocked country in east-central crushed - leaders of the movement killed and things Africa is another example of human capacity to inflict kept getting worst. Despite strong and consistent terrible crimes on fellow human beings and also the opposition to apartheid within and outside of South miraculous powers of forgiveness. The country has a Africa, its laws remained in effect for the better part of long and turbulent history of conflicts between majority 50 years. By 1961, most resistant leaders had been Hutus and minority Tutsis. The two ethnic groups are captured and sentenced to long prison terms or very similar and speak the same language, inhabit the executed. Nelson Mandela, a founder of the military wing same areas, live as neighbours and follow the same of the ANC, was incarcerated from 1963 to 1990; his traditions. Tutsis are believed to be of Ethiopian imprisonment drew international attention and helped descent. When the Belgian colonists arrived in 1916, garner support for the anti-apartheid cause. In prison, they produced identity cards classifying people he read the writings of Mahatma Gandhi and became according to their ethnicity. The Belgians considered his great admirer.
Tutsis to be superior to the Hutus. As a result, the Tutsis Mandela was released from prison in 1990. As a enjoyed better jobs and educational opportunities than recognized voice of the black majority and working the Hutus. The result was a gradual buildup of closely with Bishop Desmond Tutu, Mandela prevailed resentment among the Hutus against the Tutsis on his people to renounce violence and forget culminating in series of riots. In 1959 more than 20,000 vengeance. He worked closely with President de Klerk's Tutsis were killed and many more Tutsis fled to the government to draw up a new constitution. President neighbouring countries. When the Belgians F.W. de Klerk began to repeal most of the legislation relinquished power and granted Rwanda independence that provided the basis for apartheid. After both sides in 1962, the Hutus took their place. In the years after made concessions, they reached agreement in 1993. independence, the Hutu government routinely blamed A new constitution, which enfranchised blacks and other Tutsis for every crisis in Rwanda. racial groups, took effect in 1994, and elections that The Tutsi refugees in neighbouring Uganda formed year led to a coalition government with a nonwhite the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) with the aim of majority, and Nelson Mandela becoming the first black overthrowing Hutu regime and securing their right to President of the country marking the official end of the return to their homeland. Rwandan President apartheid system. Later in 1993, both Nelson Mandela Habyarimana exploited that threat and accused Tutsis and FW de Klerk shared Nobel Peace Prize "for their inside Rwanda of being traitors and RPF collaborators. work for the peaceful termination of the apartheid By 1991, Rawandan Armed forces began to equip regime, and for laying the foundations for a new civilian militias that comprised of extremist Hutus. In democratic South Africa".
August 1993, a peace deal emerged between The war on the majority native population ended but Habyarimana and RPF but it did not stop the strife issues of guilt, punishment, revenge etc. were on between the tribes. Hutu and RTF leaders negotiated everyone's mind. In 1995, the government formed Truth a power sharing agreement in Tanzania. 2,500 UN
