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MARCH 2016
PRABUDDH JEEVAN
37
dirt
15. Alābha
lack of gain 16. Roga
illness 17. Trna-sparsa pain inflicted by blades of
grass 18. Mala 19. Satkāra purasākra reverence and honour (good
as well as bad reception) 20. Prajñã
conceit of learning 21. Ajñāna
despair / uneasiness arising
from ignorance 22. Adarśāna
Lack of Faith 5.2.6. - Caritra (Conduct)
Umā Svāmi - mentioned the five kinds of conduct. (TS/IX/18) 1. Sāmāyika equanimity 2. Chedopāsthāpnā reinitiation 3. Parihārviśuddhi purity of non injury 4. Sükşmāmpārya slight passion 5. Yathākhyāta perfect conduct
It is clear from what has been stated above that stoppage results when there is spiritual development from various points. It is the activities and passion that lead to transmigration. Their cessation on activities and conquest over passions stop the influx of Karmic matter, that is, results in Dravya-sanvara. 6.0 Nirjarā - (Dissociation of Karma)
After sanvara we came to the process of nirjarā. The function of sanvara is to arrest the influx of karma through different sources by stopping the inlets. But the function of nirjarā is to remove the accumulated Karma already present in the soul.
According to Pujyapāda - 'The karmas fall off after giving pain or pleasure, as these cannot stay on after fruition at the end of their duration, just as food and similar things decay in course of time. Dissociation takes place after the fruition of Karmas. 6.1. Two kinds of dissociation of Karmas
The separation of or dissociation of Karmas is of two kinds, namely ripening in the usual course (Vipākā orakāma) and being made to ripen prematurely i.e. (Avipākjā or (Sakāma).
In the great ocean of transmigration, the individual self wanders for countless periods of time, whirling round and round among the four states of existence in various births. And the auspicious and inauspicious Karmas associated with the self, reach the stage of fruition gradually and attain fruition and then dissociate themselves from the self. This is the first kind of
dissociation without ripeness in the natural course of things 6.2. Method dissociation
Dissociation is effected by penance and also by other ways, according to Umā Svāmi
Tapasā nirjară ca. (TS/IX/3)
Dissociation by penance (austerity) is dissociation also.
Penance (Tapa) is very important for both sanvara and nirjarā. Though penance (religious austerity) is included under the moral virtues, it is mentioned separately in order to indicate that it effects both stoppage and dissociation and that it is the chief cause of stoppage of influx. 6.2.1. The twelve types of Penances (austerities)
They are of two kinds 1. External Austerities (Penances) There are six types of external austerities -
(TS/IX/19) 1. Anaśana
fasting 2. Avamodarya reducing the diet. 3. Vrttiparisamkhyāna special restrictions for begging
food. 4. Rasaparityāga giving up stimulating and
delicious dishes. 5. Viviktaśayysana lonely habitation 6. Kāyāklesa mortification of the body
These are called external, as these are dependent on external things and can be seen by others. 2. Internal Austerities (Penances) There are six types of internal austerities - (TS/IX/20) 1. Prayascitta Expiation 2. Vinaya
Reverence 3. Vaiyavritti
Service 4. Svädhyāya Study of Agams 5. Vyutsarga
Renunciation 6. Dhyāna
Meditation These are called Internal because these are development on internal things.
The soul regains its purity after the Karmas have fallen of either due to enjoyment or destruction. Kundakunda Acārya has dealt with this subject in verses 144 to 146 of the Pancāstikāya. According to him, a person who has practiced a number of austerities and observed rules for the purification of his activities will be able to shed away many of his Karmas. A person who understands the real nature of the self and the futility of attachment to objects of the world will have
