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2. PROGRAMS OF THE BRAIN
0. A. Classification of Living Organisms according to the Doctrine of Karman
The Jains classify living organisms from several aspects. One of them being jäti i.e. classification based on the number of sense-organs possessed by the organism as follows:
One-sensed organisms possessed of sense of touch,
(i) Ekendriya
e.g. plants.
(ii) Dvindryiya — Two-sensed organisms possessed of senses of touch and taste, e.g. worms.
(iii) Trindriya
e.g. ants.
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Three-sensed organisms with touch, taste and smell,
(iv) Caturindriya-Four-sensed organisms with touch, taste, smell and sight, e.g. house-flies.
All these four categories do not possess a brain (i.e. they are asamjni).
(v) Pancendriya Five-sensed organisms with all the five senses including sense of hearing. They are of two types: (a) without brain (asamjni) (b) with brain (samjni). The latter are further subdivided into:
(i) Deva
celestial beings.
(ii) Nāraka - denizens of hell.
(iii) Manusya
humans.
(iv) Tiryañca - sub-human organisms.
The last are further sub-divided into
(i) Jalacara
(ii) Sthalacara
e.g. cattle; lizards.
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aquatic animals e.g. fish.
animals living on land (including amphibians)
(iii) Nabhacara - birds.
