________________
113
Glossary the machine can perform the operations indicated by the program supplied by its user. Using a binary code, the program (algorithm) operates by making decisions between 0 and 1 at the rate of 1 billion per second. Algorithm : A program by which a complicated calculation is reduced to a long series of simple ones that a digital computer can perform. Artificial Intelligence: The making of computer programs in machines that imitate human intelligence. (Robots can recognize and select parts and assemble them). Binary Code : Expressing numbers using Os and is only. Thus 1 = 1, 2=10,3 = 11,9 = 1001. This allows mechanical devices to calculate very quickly. Bit : Short for 'binary digit', the unit that represents a single yes/no decision, hence the basic unit of information. Code: A set of visible signs, sounds or other physical events adopted to form a system of communication of messages. Computer Memory : Information is stored by altering the states of a large set of mechanical or electrical devices usually by on/off switching. The meaning of the information at the address of each point thus depends on the program arranged by the operator. Computer Program : A list of signs in some language which causes the computer to carry out a logical sequence of calculation to answer a question relating to the real world, which the program represents by means of algorithm. Communication : The interaction between systems or parts of a system using a prearranged code. Concept : The learned program for the use of word or set of words i.e. its meaning. Digital : A system of coding, using only a few clearly defined signs, usually only two - indicating presence or absence, 0 and 1.
