Kevalaodhi Buddhist And Jaina History Of Deccan Vol 2

Author(s): Aloka Parasher Sen, B Subrahmanyam, E Siva Nagi Reddy
Publisher: Bharatiya Kala Prakashan

Page 91

Kannada Inscriptions of Jaina Affiliation from Andhra Pradesh
293
Besides endowing the temples with land and other gifts, it was also a common practice during the medieval and early medieval period to donate taxes and levies. Generally, the king or a person authorized by him was empowered to make such donations. An inscription dated 1056 AD, from Kölanupāka is interesting". It opens with a Sanskrit verse describing the earth followed by a Kannada verse in the kanda metre in praise of Jagadēkamalladēva. It begins with the well-known Chālukyan prasasti, Mänavyasa gotram, etc., and refers to the Chālukya family as the birthplace of Samasta-Lõkāśraya, Vishuņvardhana, Vijayāditya and other famous kings, who had subdued the Nala, the Durjaya, the Prithu-Kadamba, the Maurya, the Rāshțrakūta and the Kalachuri dynasties. Then it mentions Trailokyamalladēva ruling from Maļikonda Uppayanavidu. On the said date, Ś. 978, Durmukhi, Pushya, Puņņami (15), Uttarāyaṇa Sankramaņa equivalent to Tuesday, 24th December 1056 AD, the king made a gift of tala-vritti, bitti, pannasa, kere, nirunela, rātanam, tomta, kereyabu and manneya and cess to the ascetics of the Kuruma maha-sthānas, the gurus of the Jina-basadis and temples in Jattupura in Kollipāka freeing them thereby from impediments at the request of Preggada Chāvundayya and Dandanayaka Kāvaṇabhatta. We have references to the donation of land and other gifts to the basadis.
Another record from the same place viz, Kolanupaka is important as it registers restoration of a grant made earlier." The epigraph records the restoration of some lands in Juvvikuņe and Nidungalūru originally granted by Sankragauda of the Rashtrakūta family by a copper plate charter to the basadis at Rēvundi and Nērila built by him and subsequently, alienated from the basadis unjustly, by the queen at the request of Mahāsandhivigrahi dandanāyaka Kēsimayya and on the representation of Rebbi-sei and the Karaņas headed by Perggade Appanayya on the occasion of the solar eclipse. Mahăsămanta Mēļarasa was then governing Kollipāke-7000 in 1067 AD. This record proves that the queen was also empowered to take decision in the administration, while the princess was not empowered to act on her own.
However, during the time of Chālukyas of Kalyāṇa, along with land, a flower garden, oil-mill and house-sites were also gifted as a donation package. This is true in respect of both Saiva and Vaişthňava temples. A record" from Konakondla mentions that Mahamandalesvara Joyimayyarasa, the subordinate of Tribhuvanamalladēva, as ruling over Sindavadi-1000 in 1081 AD. It states that, for the service of the Jaina god in the basadi called Chatta-Jinalaya erected by Nālikabbe in memory of her husband in Kondakundeya-tīrtha, Joyimayyarasa made a grant of 30 mattars of land, a flower garden, an oil-mill and 8 house sites. A widow Nālikabbe erected a Jinālaya in memory of her husband is interesting from sociological point of view. It indicates that during the period under review, the widows also enjoyed some respectable social status and were not looked down by the contemporary society.
An inscription from Alladurg registers a gift of two mattars of gadde (wet land) for feeding the ascetics in the Kirtivilāsa Santi-Jinālaya by the king's subordinate Mahamandalēśvara Ahavamalla Permānadi. Kamaladēva Siddhānti received the gift in 1084 AD. Kamaladēva Siddhānti was probably the head of the Jaina temple. Kirtivilāsa is the title of the king and the temple was probably named after him or got constructed by him.
A record dated Chālukya Vikrama year 12, Prabhava, Paushya, Amāvāsya equivalent to Sunday 26th December 1087 AD, from Pūdür states that the Mahamandalēśvara Hallavarsa of Pumdūru who is described as Muchukundūrp Puravarēśvara, etc., granted betel leaves, betel nuts, lands, shops, housesites etc., in Pundūru and the income from the levy of 2 pana from every village in Ayije-300, on the occasion of Uttarāyaṇa Sankarānti to the Pallava Jinalaya belonging to the Dravila Samgha after laving the feet of his preceptor Kanakasēna bhattāraka". Yet another record" from Gobbur, Raichur district of