Jinamanjari 1996 04 No 13

Author(s): Jinamanjari
Publisher: Canada Bramhi Jain Society Publication

Page 23

Conclusion?
That the Jain tradition was somewhat younger than the Ajivika and somewhat older than the Buddhist as we have it formulated is implied by doctrinal issues discussed above. These philosophical and documentary arguments are strongly reinforce by visual evidence driving from the Indus Valley.
It cannot conclusively be demonstrated from documentary evidence that the proto-Jain tradition went back to the Indus Valley culture. But the prominent appearance of the Indus seals of the positions mulabandhasana and kayotsarga, and their later occurrences in Jain contexts, is clearly suggestive of that conclusion. That both mulabandhasana and kayotsarga are especially characteristic of Jainism -- being positions in which at least three tirthankaras are reported to have attained enlightenment -- suggests a strong connection between the roots of the Jain tradition and the mysterious and elusive Indus Valley culture. O
Endnotes
Joseph Campbell, The Masks of God: Oriental Mythology, New York: The Viking Press, 1962, p.220. 2 Heinrich Zimmer, Philosophies of India, Bollingen Series. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1955, p.208.
For More discussion of this thesis, see McEvilley, "An Archaeology of Yoga," RES 1, Spring, 1981, pp. 44-77. + See P.S. Jaini, "On the Sarvajnatva (Omniscience) of Mahavira and the Buddha," in Buddhist Studies in Honour of 1.B. Horner Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1974, pp. 71-90.
Sarvepalli Radhkarihnan and Charles A. Moore, edd., A Sourcebook in Indian Philosophy, Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1957, p.250.
6 Ibid
Surendranath Dasgupta, History of Indian Philosophy, vol. 1, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidas, 1975, pp. 190-191.
8 Ibid
Dasgupta, History, vol. 1, p.191. 10 ML Mehta, Outline of Jaina Philosophy, Bangalore: Jain Mission Society, 1954, pp. 134135. 1 Walter Schubring, The Doctrine of the Jainas, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidas, 1962, pp. 173174. 12 Indra Chandra Shastri, "Jainism and the Way to Spiritua: Realization," in Aspects of Jainism (reprints from The Aryan Path) Bangalore: Jain Mission Society, 1955, pp. 1-2.
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