________________
78
JAINISM
HOLY MEN
The five kinds of great personalities referred to above
are:
(1) The Master, or those who reach omniscience in the flesh, and teach the road to everlasting life in the liberated state (Arhat). They have 12 characteristics.
(2) Those souls who have reached that state already (Siddha). They have 8 characteristics.
(3) Those spiritual teachers who, though not omniscient, have realized, or experienced the self-realization of their own souls, and are illuminated. These are spiritual heads (Acharya). They have 36 characteristics.
(4) Those who understand the true nature of the soul, and are teachers of spirituality under the control of the spiritual heads (Upadhyaya). They have 25 characteristics.
(5) Any holy man or woman who strictly follows five great vows (Sadhu). Such persons have 27 characteristics.
SIX DAILY ACTIVITIES
The practice of these activities is, as already mentioned, one of the things a person exercising the middle degree of partial self-control would do:
(1) He would worship the Master. Or, in the absence of the Master, he would worship the image of the Master. What is the use of worshipping an image? The answer is as follows:
The methods used in cognizing any insentient thing or any living being are of four kinds, viz., the name, a reFor Private & Personal Use Only www.jainelibrary.org
Jain Education International
