Jaina Religion Historical Journey of Evolution

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith

Page 19

Jaina Religion: Its Historical Journey of Evolution
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origination of jñāna-mārga dominated by thought, discussions, and reflection. Thus, Śramaņa religion or nirvartaka religion developed into two main branches: (i) jñāna-mārga and (ii) tapa-mārga. The following table clearly explains the evolution of these two religions based on bodily and rational aspects of human nature.
Man
(Pravartaka)
(Nirvartaka)
Body
Body
Consciousness Consciousness Conscience
Desires
Enjoyment Abhyudaya (Preya)
Heaven
Action
Detachment Niḥśreyas (Śreya)
Moksa Renunciation Renunciation of action
Nivartaka dharma Realization of self
Indulgence
Pravartka dharma
Worshiping extra mundane power
Surrender Yajña Reflection Body torture based
based dominated dominated Bhakti-mārga Karma-mărga Jñana-mārga Tapa-mārga