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THE JAINA GAZETTE
The six forms of molecular aggregates," says Kundakundacharyya are Earth, Water, Shadow, the Objects of the four Senses, Karma and molecules finer than Karma." Obvi. ously this list is only illustrative and not a complete one. Bandha or Combination, for instance, is a mode of Matter according to the Jainas which does not find its place in the above list.
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Bandha etc.
Combination is of two kinds. These are respectively the Prayogika i.e., caused by the effort of man and the Vaisrasika i.e., not caused by the effort of man. The former is of two kinds viz. the combination of two unconscious substances and the combination of living substance with non-living substance. The latter i e., the Jivajiva vishaya Bandha is either due to Karma or to No-karma. The Bandha due to Karma is of eight modes in accordance with the eight kinds of Karma. Combination due to No-karma is of five forms viz., the Alapana (e.g. the tying of a chain to a car, the Alepana (e.g., the painting of a wall), the Samslesha (e.g. to join two pieces of wood, as a carpenter does), the Sarira (e.g., the union of limbs in a body) and the Sariri (e.g., the union of two different bodies). The Vaisrasika Bandha may be either beginning-less as in the case of the parts of Akasa, Dharma and Adharma which are attached to one another or may have a beginning as in the case of the union of varied colours in a rainbow.
As has been pointed out before, fineness, grossness, shape, separation, heat, brilliance etc. are also modes of Matter. Of these, Shape or Samsthana is of two forms in as much as it may be stable and definable e.g. the shape of a triangular or a circular thing or it may be unstable as the Shape of cloud. Bheda or Separation may be of six kinds viz., (1) Utkara (Separation by sawing), (2) Churna (Separation by grinding), (3) Khanda (separation by breaking into parts), (4) Churnika (separation by winnowing etc.), (5) Pratara (separation by cutting into slices) and Anuchatana (separation, as in the case of sparks flying from a mass of burning iron). Heat or Atapa is that Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat
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