________________
THE JAINA THEORY OF MATTER
107
the Senses in cognising an object do actually come in contact with it. Ratnaprabha in indicating the Jaina position says,-- "Now let us determine whether the Sense-organs come in contact (with the objects) or they do not. The followers of the Atom-eater (Kanada), the Foot eyed (Nyaya), the Mimansaka and the Sankhya contend that all the sense-organs do come in contact. The followers of Tathagata (i.e, the Buddhists) hold that all the sense-organs except the Eye and the Ear do so. Those, however, whose hearts are purified by the doctrine of Possibility (i.e., the Jaina philosophers) maintain that all the Sense-organs except the Eye do so."
Sarira.
One need not be a philosopher to hold that our Body is material. From the earliest times, Indian philosophers maintained that besides the gross visible body, there is a subtle body, although material still.-which continues to stick to the soul, even after the dissolution of the gross body. In Vairagyadhyaya the author of the Sankhya-Sutras speaks of the subtle body which he calls the Linga-Sarira or SukshmaSarira, constituted of the following eighteen ingredients viz., principles of Intelligence, self-conceit, Mind, five Subtle Elements and ten Senses. The five Koshas of the Vedanta are also non-psychical cases, as it were, around the soul. These are Annamaya-Kosha, the gross physical visible body. 2. PranamayaKosha, the body, constituted of the five vital airs, which strengthens the gross body and guides the sense-organs. 3. Manomaya Kosha, the mental embodiment which accounts for our consciousness of "1" and "Mine." 4. Vijnanamaya-Kosha, a body, constituted of impure consciousness which subsides during our deep sleep but becomes active in our waking moments. 5. Anandamaya-Kosha, a body, constituted of consciousness of false pleasures which continue only so long as we enjoy the fruits of our meritorious deeds and vanish as soon as those fruits are exhausted.
The Jainas recognise five kinds of bodies which are all material in nature. These are
1. Oudarika-This is the gross visible body of man and animals.
Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat
www.umaragyanbhandar.com
