Jain Study Center NC Raleigh 1997 11 YJA Regional Convention

Author(s): Jain Study Center NC Raleigh
Publisher: USA Jain Study Center NC Raleigh

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There are four divisions of matter:
Skandha (whole-matter):
Any object, which has a mass of matter, is called Skandha. e.g. stick, stone, knife, a particle of sand
Skandha-desa (portion of matter):
Desa means a part, portion, or division. An undetached portion of Skandha is called skandha-desa. When a part of the skandha (skandha-desa) is separated from the whole, it also becomes another skandha.
e.g. A hand of a statue is known as a skandha-desa but when separated from the statue is known as Skandha.
Skandha-pradesa (smallest particle of matter):
The smallest undetached portion of skandha, which cannot be further divided, is called skandha-pradesa.
Parmanu or Anu (atom):
When the smallest portion of the matter is separated from its skandha, it is called parmanu or anu. Parmanu matter can not be further sub-divided, cut, or pierced.
Karma or Karmic Matter (Karma Pudgala):
Karma is one of the categories of matter. It is known as karmic matter (karma Pudgala). Karma particles are of very fine matter not perceptible to the senses. The entire universe is filled with such karmic matter.
Every living being is covered by karmic matter from the beginning of time. It is the karmic matter that keeps the soul away from realization of its true nature or liberation.
Medium of Motion (Dharma)
Helps in the movement of soul and matter Does not possess senses, color, or body Does not have a consciousness or knowledge Exists in Lokakas
e.g. - water provides medium for fish to move
Medium of Rest (Adharma)
Helps to rest soul and matter
Does not possess senses, color, or body
Does not have consciousness or knowledge
Exists in Lokakas
e.g. People rest in the shade of a tree
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