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126
JAINA PENANCE
SPECIAL RULES FOR HOUSEHOLDERS
The householders (laymen) are of eleven types according to the number of the pratimas to which they might attain as laymen But they are divided into three classes for the purposes of penance The jaghanya (small, i e., inferior) class covers the first six pratimās, the middling (madhyama). those from the seventh to the ninth, and the utkrista (superior). the last two. The rule is that half the penance of the saint's is to be given to the superior layman. half of that to the middling; and half of that half to the inferior householder According to another rule, half of the saint s penance should be fixed for the superior type of the layman, a third of his (the saint's) for the middling type, and a quarter, for the inferior class In the case of the superior laymen, who have deserved it. the mula penance should be taken as far as possible, from the same preceptor (saint) who had originally initiated them
1
2
Special or additional rules applicable to the inferior class of laymen are as follows:
For killing a cow, a women, a child, a v uous layman and a saint*
1 Ch 137 2 Ch 188
5 Ch 110
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matamata (special wo ship of the God Arhant) in addition to the other penance.
