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pramādaḥ //19
JAIN JOURNAL VOL-XXXVII, NO. 3 JAN 2003
But of (for) the Nastika, who without inference is not aware of the intent of others, it is not apposite even to speak: what of a movement, what of a mere look! Alas! error ! 20
Mallisena (early thirteenth c.) in his commentary, SMan, explains the Cārvāka view as follows:
That perception alone is Demonstrant is the view of the Cārvāka (pratyakṣamevaikam pramāṇamiti manyate cārvākaḥ). For that he girds himself: anu-, 'after', following upon, aprehension and memory of the mark and the connection; -miyate, 'is measured', 'is outlined', a thing remote in place, time and own-nature by this species of cognition, accordingly anu-mana. From the context it is inference for self. That, inference, proof with a Middle Term; without lacking; intent of others, view of others; is not aware of, not correctly cognizing. The word but is for the purpose of pointing Out the difference from the previous disputants; of those previous disputants, as they are affirmativist (astika), he has made discussion on the points of disagreement. But of (for) the Negativist it is not even proper to speak; how is discussion with him possible? 21
We have shown that Hemacandra uses the term, nastika, either as a general term for abuse or to mean the Cārvāka. Malliṣeņa offers further explanation:
Or else, his (sc. Cārvāka's) view being that there is no future world, merit and sin, (because of the exception noted in the grammatical rule [SHSA, 6.4.66] concerning the formation of the three words "nāstika-āstika-daiṣṭika" he is called Nāstika), for that Negativist, the Laukāyatika, to speak even is not apposite, even to utter a word is not proper; hence only to remain silent is preferable for him; to say nothing of entering into a company of authorities on logic and debating on propounding a means of proof. 22
It is rather strange that Hemacandra in his polemical zeal tends to misrepresent the Cārvāka position regarding inference as an instrument of knowledge. Purandara, a Cārvāka, stated quite clearly that "inference as is well known in the world is admitted by the
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