Jain Journal 2000 07

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 10

JAIN JOURNAL : Vol-XXXV, No. 1 July 2000 that in the process of origination, permanence and destruction of dravya there occurs modification. He further has explained in gāthā II. 11, that some paryāya originate and some pass away. Thus, he has affirmed in gātha II. 15 the existence of dravya and its guna (quality) and paryāya (mode).24
Ācārya Kundakunda has declared dualism of guna and paryāya, which, in combination with dravya give rises to the triune conception of a real which reveals itself as of dravyagunaparyāya svabhāva. This triune conception, according to him, is the object of knowledge which is made up of substances, which are said to be characterized by qualities and with which, more over, are (associated) modifications :25
attho khalu davvamao davvāni gunappagāni bhanidāni tehim puno pajjaya pajjayasūda hi parasamaya
Therefore, dravya is endowed with qualities and accompanied by modifications as explained by Ācārya Kundakunda in the Pravacanasāra:
gunavam ca sapajjāyaim taim taṁ davvam khu vucchanti - II. 3
davvam sallakhaņāyaim appādavvayadhavuccanti guņā pajjāsayam va jam tein bhurnānti sanhu- II. 19 Substantiality has the dialectical triad of birth, death and permanence Substratum of qualities and modes is dravya.
davvena viņā ņa guņa gunehim davvam viņā ņa sambhavidhi avvadiricchnati bhāvo davvaguņāņ havidhi temha - II. 13 There is neither quality without substance nor substance without quality They are compatible in their nature.
The process of development therefore includes three phases namely, birth, death and permanence and this has been raised to philosophical principle by Acārya Kundakunda. According to Padmarajiah, there is a considerable difference between guna and paryāya, as Kundakunda says that guna is a trait embedded in dravya and therefore it is called sahabhāvi (intrinsic) and in contrast, it is paryāya appearing for a time and disappearing later to another mode. He calls it kramabhāvi (extrinsic). Padmarajiah rightly observes that Ācārya Kundakunda has
24. Pravacanasāra, p. 393. 25. Ibid., Ch. 11-1.