Jain Journal 1967 04

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 65

192
A.D.25, mentions (66,3)26 the city Bhadrika and as the next, Pataliputra (67,1); it is, because Pataliputra appears (1,2), very probable to assume with Silvain Levi the identity of Bhadripura (in 2,2)27. The twice mentioned neighbourhood of Pataliputra would agree well with the notice that Bhadrika belonged to the Anga kingdom, respecting the Magadha empire, but it does not agree with the situation concluded from Mahavagga (V, 8 ff). The explanation can only be to interpret the Mahavagga passages in another way or to give up the identification. The latter possibility is less admissible, except that there existed two cities with the same name. The first way is also only practicable by the interpretation that the Buddha was not going directly from Benares to Bhaddiya and from here to Sravasti, but that these are only points of his travelling; going from Rajagrha (Mahāvagga V, 7, 1) to Benares, then back to Bhadrika and from here in a northern direction to Sravasti. We learn from the Dhammapada Commentary (I, 384 f.) that king Pasenadi comes, travelling from Bhaddiyanagara, to a place which is distant from Pasenadi's capital, Savatthi, seven yojanas; here he found the town Saketa. In this connexion it may be remembered that Fa-Hien knows the place Sha-che eight yojanas north from Sravasti, which is an error, because the latter town lay in a north-eastern direction from Sha-che28. Sha-che has been identified by A. Cunningham with Saketa. Inspite of the objection by V. A. Smith29 we will see that there is still another point which speaks for identification. The monastery of the Jatiyavana is mentioned on frequent passages in the Buddhist literature, near Bhaddiya.
10. Alabhika. In his note on Uvāsagadasão (IV. 155) Hoernle30 made the attempt to identify the here-mentioned town Alabhiya with Alow in Sp. Hardy's Manual of Buddhism (p. 261 cf. p. 356)31, and with A-le in Fa-Hien's Travels. He saw in this place the modern Newal, called Navadevakula by Hiuen-Tsang.
25 Cf. S. Levi, JA s. XI, t. V (1915), p. 19; M. Winternitz, Geschichte der Indischen Litteratur, II, p. 271 and 380.
36 JA, 1.c., p. 48.
JAIN JOURNAL
27 S. Levi is not right in declaring (1.c., p. 99) in the Sanci Stupa Inscription No. 187 (Buhler, Epigraphia Indica II, p. 377) Bhadikiyasa as the inhabitant of Bhadikiya; we must rather expect Bhadiyakasa, further No. 306 (Ep. Ind. II, p. 389) names a bhikkhu Bhadika from Kuraghara. Bhaddiya is a name of Bhikkhus, there as and khattiyas, very often occurring.
V. A. Smith, JRAS, 1898, p. 523.
JRAS, 1900, p. 3, ; cf. W. Vest, JRAS, 1905, p. 437-449.
Uvasagadasao, 1.c., App. III, p. 51-53.
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81 1860 edition.