Jain Journal 1967 04

Author(s): Jain Bhawan Publication
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 64

APRIL, 1967
191
is mentioned, separate from Rajagrha. This town is the modern Rajgir, north-east from Gaya, south-east from Patnaa1. The monastery of Nalanda, according to I-tsing, was distant from Rajagrha 5 krosa; today Nalanda may be Bargaon 22.
8. Mithila, known by the Rāmāyana, has not yet been identified ; it was a city of Videha23.
9. Bhadrika. This place runs in Prakrit Bhaddiya and is found under the same form in Pali. According to Mahāvagga (V, 8, 1) Buddha comes from Varanasi to Bhaddiya and goes (V, 9, 1) from here to Sravasti (Savatthi); from Savatthi he comes to Bhaddiyanagara (Jātaka, II, 331 [264)). It must have, therefore, been situated in a northern direction from Benares on the way to Sravasti. Bhaddiyanagara is its name in Mahāvagga (VI, 34, 1); here it is represented as a city under the regime of the Magadha King Seniya Bimbisara ; he says (VI, 34, 3): amhākam kira vijite bhaddiyanagare. In Divyāvadāna (125, 11 ff.) the Buddha determines on going to Bhadramkaranagara, while staying at Sravasti (126, 16). Bhaddiya is according to Dhammapada Commentary (I, 384); Sp. Hardy, Manual of Buddhism, (first edition ; 220) in the Anga country ; inasmuch as Srenika Bimbisara conquered and annexed the kingdom of Anga®4, the two indications do not contradict the historical facts. The Mahāmāyāri, which belongs to a time prior to the fourth or fifth century
21 V. A. Smith, Early History of India, 1.c., p. 31, n. 1.
22 Journal Asiatique s. XI, t. XI (1918), p. 157. For the importance of Nalanda in archaeological respect cf. V.A. Smith, ERE, IX, p. 126 f. The correct spelling of the modern name is, according to T. Bloch, JRAS, 1909, p. 440 Bargav, who p. 441-3 informs about his own, but short journey thereself. Known only by the brief notice by V. A. Smith, JRAS, 1917, p. 154f. ; ibid. 1919, p. 239 f. are to me the undertaken explorations, for which see D. B. Spooner, Annual Report of the Archaeological Survey of India, Eastern Circle, for 1916-1917. About the distance between Rajagrha and Nalanda s. JA s. XI, t. XI (1918) p. 157.
23 According to T. W. Rhys Davids, Buddhist India, p. 37 in the district Tirhut. I do not know the source, from which H. Jacobi, Das Ramayana, p. 68, n. 1 argues that Mithila and Visala have grown together in Buddhist times, Rhys Davids, on the contrary, 1.c., p. 26 says that Mithila was about thirty-five miles north-west from Vesali. For the size of the Videha country and of Mithila cf. T. W. Rhys Davids, JRAS, 1907, p. 642-649.
34 Sp. Hardy, 1.c., p. 163, n.* ; Rockhill, The Life of the Buddha, p. 70, where Campa (s. above) is already in the Magadha kingdom, cf. p. 90. The close relation of the Anga and Magadha kingdom is indicated also by the expression AngaMagadha, Majjhima-Nikaya II, 2 : Paramattajotika I, p. 115 ; II, p. 326, 384.