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84
INDIAN ANTIQUARY, VOL. XXXIII, 1904; APPENDIX.
[$ 35, A.
This system of numeral notation, of course, has been invented in order to facilitate the composition of metrical handbooks of astronomy and so forth. The most important words, used to express numbers, are as follows:
The cipher, 0, is expressed by (a) sünya (Var., Ber.), "a void ;' (6) ambara, ākāśa, &c., " the (empty) space of heaven" (Var., Ber., Bro.), ananta (Bro.).
1 is expressed by (a) rûpa (Jyo., Bakh, Ping., Var.) “one piece ;" (6) indu, Sasin, sitarasmi, &c. (Var., Ber., Bro.), or abbreviated into rasmi (Ber.), "the moon;" (c) tha, mahi, &c. (Var, Ber., Bro., Bur.), "the earth; " (d) adi (Ber.), "beginning :" (e) pitämaha (Ber.), "Brahman;" () näyaloa (Bro.), "the hero" (of a play); (9) tanu (Bro.), "the body."
2 is expressed by (a) yama, yamala (Var., Ber.), "twins ;" (6) aávin, dasra (Var., Ber.), " the two Asvins;" (c) paksa (Var., Ber.), "the two wings, or the halves of the body;" (11) kara, &c. (Var., Bar.), "the hands ;” (@) nayana, &c. (Var., Ber., Bur.), “the eyes ;" (5) bahu (Bro.), "the arms;" (g) karna (Bro.), "the ears ;" (h) kufumba (Bro.), "the family," i. e., husband and wife ; () ravicandrau (Ber.), "sun and moon."
3 is expressed by '(a) ayni, hots, &c. (Var., Ber., Bro., Bur.)," the sacrificial fires;" (6) rāmāh (Var., Bro.)," the three Rāmas” (of epic poetry); (c) guna (Var.), triguna (Ber.), " the qualities of matter;" (d) trijagat, luka (Ber.), "the three worlds ;” (e) trikāla (Ber.)," the three times;" trigata (Ber.), "sounds, &c., with three meanings;" (g) sahodarah (Bro.), "the three uterine brothers ; "5 (1) trinetra, &c. (Bro.)," the three eyes of Siva." ;
4 is expressed by (a) aya, aya (Jyo.), ksia ® (Var., Ber.), 4 the (foar) dice;" (6) veda, śruti (Ping., Var., Ber.), "the Vedas; " () abelhi, jaladhi, &c. (Ping., Var., Bern, Bur.), abbreviated jala (Var.), dadhi (Ber.), "the oceans;" (d) dió (Ber.), "the cardinal points;" (e) yuga (Bro.), “the (four) ages of the world;" () bandhu (Bro.)," the (four) brothers; " (9) kostha (Bro.), (P); (b) varna (manuscript), " the (four) principal castes."
-5 is expressed by (a) indriya, &c. (Ping., Var., Bur.), "the organs of sense;" [81] (6) artha, vişaya, &c. (Var., Ber.)," the objects of the senses;" (6) bhala (Ping., Var., Ber.)," the elements;" (a) işu, &c. (Var., Ber., Bur), “the arrows of Kāma;" (e) pāņdara (Ber.), Abbreviated (pandu)-buta, putra (Bro.), the (five) Pandu sons;" (S) präņa (Bro.), "the vital airs;" (9) ratnas (Ber.)"the (five) jewels."
6 is expressed by (a) rasa (Bakh., Ping., Var., Ber.), "the (six) flavours ;" () stu (Ping., Var., Ber.), "the seasons ;" () anga (Ber.), " the auxiliary sciences of Vedic studies ;" (d) māsārdha (Ber.), "one half of the twelve) months;" (e) darsana, &c. (Bro.), "the (six) philosophical systems; " ) raga (Bro.), “the (six) principal tunes;" (g) ari (Bro.), "the (internal) foes (of men);" (1) kaya' (inscription)," the bodies" (?).
7 is expressed by (a) rsi, muni (Ping. Var.), “the (seven) seers ;" or by atri, the first among them (Bro.); (6) svara (Ping., Var., Bro.), “the notes" (of the octave); () asra
1 The abbreviations mark the sources from which the words have been colleoted, as follows: Bakh. = the Bakhshäli MS., HOERNLE, 130.
Var. Varāhamihira's Païchasiddhantiki, TurBer.= Berüm's India, SACHAU, 1, 178.
'BAUT's edition. Bro = OP. BROWN's list, as quoted by BURNELL, A fow other instances are given from manuscripts ESIP. 77 f.
and inscriptions. Bur. = BURNELL'8 additions, ESIP. 77 f.
The numerous synonyms, being unnecessary for
Sanskritiste, have been inostly omitted; but wuch Ping. = Pingala, WXBER, Indishe Studien, 8, 1674. I omissions have been indicated by "&c."
? Sunya may either mean "the empty place on the Abacus," or be an abbreviation of fünyabindu (100 above, $ 34, B).
+ See Pallonsiddhantika, 8, 6. This is equivalent to agni, because Agni is the Hotp-priest of the gods. • Soe BRW. sub hac roce.
#Yudhisthira, Bhima and Arjuna (CARTELLERRI). Thus BRW. sub hac voce; possibly krta may stand for krtādi yuga. + Rams, Lakymapa, &e. * See Arte, Sanskrit Dictionary, Aub hac voce.
• Compare EI. 1, 824, line 48.
a, WEBER's edition. 6
