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EPIGRAPHIA INDICA.
[VOL. XI.
Telaga-Chodas, state that an ancestor of these was a certain Karikala "who cansed the banks of (the river) Kávēri to be built by Trilochana and other kings who fixed their glances on (his) lotus feet (i.6. were subordinate to him).” Apparently here also, the reference is to the king Karikäla-Chola mentioned in the Mälēpāļu plates. Karikala's subordinate Trilochana was, in all probability, a Teluga contemporary whose approximate date is possible to deduce from inscriptions. Trilochana, Triņētra, Trinayana and Mukkanţi are synonymous terms and occur frequently in Telugu opigraphs with the suffix Pallava, as the name of a mythical ruler of Pallava origin who held sway over the Telugu country at some period of its early history. The Paarāṇik genealogy of the Eastern Chalukya kings invented as early as the time of Vimaladitya," refers to a Trilochana-Pallava as the ruler of Dakshiņāpaths and a powerful opponent of the Chalukys adventurer Vijayaditya of Ayodhyā. This Trilochana-Pallava is, perhaps, identical with the Trilochr da of the Telugu-Choda inscriptions and with Tripayana-Pallava and Mukkanţi of other Telugu epigraphs. It may the efore be presumed that the three kings Karikala, Vijayaditys and Trilochana-Pallave were almost contemporaneous. From the account given in the Eastern Chalukya copper plates-whatever its historic value may be-it appears as if five generations had intervened between the mythical king Vijayaditya and KubjaVishnuvardhana before the latter came to rule over the Vēngi.dēśa and founded the Eastern Chalukya dynasty. Dr. Fleet has proved that this Kubja-Vishnuvardhana was the younger brother of Palakēsin II.-- the Satyasraya-Vallabhēndra of Eastern Chalukya records - and that he succeeded to the throne as yuvarāja, in or about A.D. 615. Calculating backwards for five generations, we arrive at the conclusion that Vijayāditya of Ayodhyå and, therefore, also Trilo chana- Pallava and Karikala, must have flourished about the end of the fifth century A.D.7 The history of the Pallavas at this period is obscure, and it is not unlikely that Karikala-Chola was supreme at the time and held the Pallava dominions under his sway. The three kings of
Madras Ephigraphical Report for 1900, paragraph 44.
* The actual phrase which precedes the name Karikāls in these inscriptions is : charana-sarõruha-vihita. vilochana-Trilochana-pramukh-akhila-pritheiftara-kärita-Karëri-tira. Some inscriptions substitute the word oihata for vihita. In this case the explanation would perhaps be charana-saröruhëna vihatahetaditaḥ ata doa cilochanan-vinashta-dpifah, tējasa iti yarat, Trilõehana-pramukha yasya sah, .. Trilochana and other lords of earth whose eyes were blurred by (the brilliance of) his (cis. Karikāla's) lotus-feet (on the occasion when they prostrated to him). Karikala is stated to have got thousands of Ceylonese coolies" to work on the embankments of the Kävēri river, bundred miles in length, which he constructed" (Smith's Early History of India, p. 416). Almost all the families of kings and chiefs in the south which trace their origin to the Sun, mention Karikala among their ancestors and describe him as having constructed banks on either side of the river Kävēri. Tha Kikstiyas of Warangal and, in latter times, the Matla chiefs of Cuddapah and the Saļuva chiefs of Kårvētinagar and a number of feudstory families who intermarried with the Vijayanagara kings of the lunar race, mention Karikals in their genealogy. In the Telugu poem Narasad påligame which was dedicated to one of the Toraganți chiefs of the solar race who were related to the kings of the third Vijayanagara dynasty by inter. marriage, it is stated that Karikala planted rows of avenge trees on either bank of the Kävõri in order to hide her who was the queen of the ocean' from public gaze.
* See e.g. above, Vol. VI, p. 277, footnote 2. • Ibid., p. 348 f.
The modern village Peddamudiyam in the Jammalamadagu talaka of the Cuddapah district, is called Trilo, ghanapora in one of its later records. It was, as Mr. Ramayya Pantolu has pointed out to me the ancient Mudivomu-Agrahara where Vishņu vardhana, the son of V.jayaditys of Ayodhyl, was born and brought up. Its name Trilochanapara connects it with the mythical king Trilochana-Pallava who opposed Vijayaditya. The Pallays genealogy so far disclosed, either from copper plates or stone inscriptions, does not mention sny name like Trilochana-Pallava; but the Kidambas of Gos (Dyn. Kas, Distr., p. 660) and the Nolambas of Hémavati (above, Vol. X, p. 68) claim, respectively, Trilochana-Kadamba and Triņayana-Pallava as the founders of thone dynasties.
• Dyn. Kan. Distr., p. 852 and Ind. Ant., Vol. XX, .283.
Arch. Suro. Report for 1905-6, p. 174 f.
