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the city. He was very well-versed in all Prākrits, and pretty well acquainted with the important provincial languages current in his times.-(Muni Jinavijayaji, Bhāratiya Vidyā, Vol. II, Pt. I, November 1940).
He mentions 18 such provincial tongues, quoting 2 or 3 characteristic words from each, in the course of the story of his hero, as he visits a busy market of a great commercial town.-( Pandit Lalchand Gandhi, Introduction, p. 93, to A pabhramśakāvyatrayī, GOS. No. 17).
The difference in the general traits of people staying in different areas are expressed by the author of the Kuvalayamālā thus: “There I saw the Gurjjara people (people of Southern Rajputana and Maru ) : they have strong bo lies; are nourished by ghee and butter; are devout, clever in negotiations, and speak 'nau re bhallau'. Then I saw the people of Lāța; they part their hair; they besmear their bodies with scent; their bodies are beautiful to look at; they speak 'amhe kāuṁ tumehan'.
Virabhadra, a Jaina monk had got built a magnificent lofty temple of Lord Rşabha in Jābālīpura.-(Colophon V. 19 of Kuvalayamālā, quoted in JTSS Vol. I, pt. 2, p. 188). This temple must have been built not later than V. S. 835, the year in which Kuvalayamālā was completed.
Khalifah Mu'tamid appointed Yaqūb ibn lais Saffari, Governor of Sindh, from which date it became virtually independent of the Khilāfat.-( H. 157). -(EHI, i, 453).
The Pāla king Dharmapāla ( who is referred to as the Lord of Northern India'-Uttarāpathasvāmin in Udayasundarikatha by Soddhala, a Gujarāti --Kāyastha poet of the 11th Century A.D.) founded the Vikramasiia Vidyapitha in the North, on the top of a mountain, near the river Gangā in Magadha. His father Gopāla (C. 750-770 A.D.), the founder of the Pala dynasty, had revived the Nālandā University,
The claim of Ujjayini, the capital of Avanti, rests on a much strong piece of evidence than Jhālor, where one Ranahasti Vatsarāja ruled, according to the text of Kuvalayamála. Nāgabhat's grandson Vatsarāja is described as Avantibhūbhrta in the colophon of the Jaina Harivansa, which also notices the the location of other kingdoms :
शाकेष्वद्वशतेषु सप्तषु दिशां पञ्चोत्तरेघूत्तराम् । पातीन्द्रायुध नाम्नि कृष्णनृपजे श्रीवल्लभे दक्षिणान् ।। पूर्व श्रीमदवन्तीभूभृतनृपे वत्साधिराजे परं ।
सौर्यानामधिमण्डले जययुते वीरे वराहेऽवती ॥ The passage informs us that Harivamsa was completed in Saka Samvat 705 [(expired ) = 783-784 A.D.] when these kings were ruling in various parts, determined with reference to a place named Vardhamānapura, (Wadhwān, in
770-810
783-784
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