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ASPECTS OF JAINOLOGY VOL-VII
equal to the Jina and the mendicant is of course barred from even saluting them, since they are inferior to him. See ibid. p. 194, notes 13-14. 13. The reformist Jaina sect known as the Sthanakavasi rejects even this symbolic representation and regards idol-worship (Murtipojā) as a form of mithyatva (wrong behaviour) even when performed by a layman. See Jaini, 1979, ch. IX.
14. See R. Williams, Jaina Yoga: A Survey of the Mediaeval Śrāvākācāras (London: Oxford University Press, 1963).
15. na svato gneh pavitratvam devatārupam eva val kintv arhaddivyamartijyäsambandhát pávano nalah/ tatah pajyaggatam asya matva rcanti dvijottamah/
nirväṇakṣetrapujavat tatpūjā to na duşyati// vyavahāranayāpekṣā tasyeṣtā pūjyatā dvijaiḥ Adipurana of Jinasena, xl, 88-90
The Buddhist texts go even further and reject all popular belief regarding the divinity of fire and
water.
sikhim hi devesu vadanti h'eke, apar milakkhā pana devam ahu/
sabbe va ete vitatham vadanti, aggi na devannataro na capo//
nirindriyam santam asannākayam, vessänaram kammakaram pajanam/ paricariya-m-aggim sugatim katham vaje, pāpāni kammānī pakubbamano//
Jātakatthavaṇṇanā, VI, 892-3. 16. Atharvaveda, XII, 1 (63 verses). 17. Somadevasuri, a tenth century Jaina author gives a long list of such practices forbidden to a Jaina layman.
suryargho grahaṇānam samkrāntau dravinavyayaḥ/ sandhya sevágnisatkaro gehadeharcano vidhih// nadīnadasamudreșu maijanam dharmacetasa/... varartham lokayäträrtham uparodhärtham eva va/ upāsanam amiṣām syāt samyagdarśanahanaye// Upasakadhyayana, vv. 136-140.
Jain Education International
(ed. K. Shastri, Varanasi: Bharatiya Janapitha, 1964).
18. No less than thirty-two kinds of plants are forbidden for a Jaina layman. See R. Williams, Jaina Yoga, pp. 110-116.
19.
For a canonical description of these dreams see H. Jacobi, The Jaina Sutras, Part 1, pp. 231-238. 20. For this text as well as for a detailed discussion on the mangala objects, see Jinendra Varni, Jainendra-Siddhanta-Koša, Vol. III. pp. 251-255. 21. (manglasuttāni:) cattări mangalam, arhantā
mangalam, sidha manglam, sähū mangalam, kevalipannatto dhammo mangalam/
cattari loguttama: arahanta... siddha...sahu... dhammo
loguttamo/cattari saranam pavajjämi: arahante...siddhe...sahu...dhammam saranam
pavajjāmi//
(pancanamokkāramangalasuttam:) namo arahantanam, namo siddhanam, namo ayariyānam, namo uvajjhāyānam, namo loe savvasähunam//
22.
Avassayasuttam, 1-4, Jaina-Agama-series, no. 15 (Bombay: Shri Mahavira jaina Vidyalaya, 1977). eso panca-namokkäro savva-pävappanasano/ mangalanam ca savvesim padhamam havai mangalam//
Quoted in R. Williams, Jaina Yoga, p. 185. This is comparable to the refrain "etam mangalam uttmam" of the famous Mangalasutta of the Budhists. This sutta also lists the perfect virtues of the enlightented person as the best of the mangalas:
tapoca brahmacariyan ca eta mangalam uttamam/ Khuddakapatha, p. 3 (Pali Text Society, 1915). 23. For details on these abodes see G.P. Malalasekera, Dictionary of Pali Proper Names, Vol. II, Pali Text Society, 1960, pp. 1199 and 1229.
* With courtesy from the collections of Prof. P.S.Jaini's articles on Janalogy.
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