________________
140 :: Aspects of Jaina Religion
some basic differences between Jainism and Budhism as follows:
(1) Nature of Religion
Buddhism belongs to the category of ‘Founded Religion? as it was founded by a specific person, viz., Lord Gautama Buddha, at a particular period of time, i.e., in the sixth century B.C. But this cannot be said about Jainism which is a traditional religion continuously existing in India from remote past. (2) Concept of Soul
Jainism is an ātmavādi religion in the sense that it is based on the existence of soul and that it deals, in detail, with various aspects, conditions and progress of the soul till it reaches its highest position after getting liberated from the bondage of karmas. But Buddhism holds completely contrary views. Buddhism is, therefore, termed as anātmavādi religion, i.e., a religion which does not give any importance to the soul. According to Buddhism, soul is not a permanent thing and that it will wither away in due course. (3) Principles of Ahimsă
Even though Buddhism and Jainism are regarded as religions based on the fundamental principle of ahimsā still there is a significant difference in the treatment and application of the principle of ahimsā in actual practice by both religions. Buddhism deals with the principle of ahiṁsā in a limited way in the sense that it enjoins upon its followers not to commit himsā themselves only. That is why a Buddhist can eat fish caught by others. But Jainism not only considers the principle of ahimsă in all its aspects, but also makes it obligatory on its followers to abstain from committing himsā in nine possible ways. In other words, it is expected of a devout Jaina that he should not commit himsā through manas (i.e., mind), vachana (i.e., speech) and kāya (i.e., body) and each through the manner of krta (i.e., personally committed), kārita
