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etc. Angas were composed, the Dțistiwāda was given in the form of the twelfth Anga.
Though the two different accounts, such as, 'readers of the twelve Angas' and 'readers of the fourteen Purwas' are found, it cannot be said that the scholars in the fourteen Purwas were not scholars in the twelve Angas and vice-versa. Gautama Swami was called Dwādaśängavit. He was a *ćaturdaśa-purvī' as well as "Angadhara'. A 'śruta-kewali' was somewhere called 'Dwādaśāngavit' and sometimes ‘ćaturdaśa-pürvi' as well.
As the eleven Angas are taken from or a collection of the Pūrwas, a 'caturdasa-purvi' is, of course, a 'Dwādaśangi' also. As the fourteen Purwas are incorporated in the twelfth Anga, a 'Dwādaśāngavit too. We, therefore, reach this conclusion that the Āgama had only two ancient classifications 1. the Fourteen Purwas and 2. the eleven Angas. The 'Dwādasangi' had no independent standing. This is the title given to the Purwas and the Angas jointly.
Some modern scholars hold the Pūrwas, to be of the period of lord PārŚwa and the Angas of lord Mahāvira. But this view is not correct. The tradition of the Purwas and the Angas was prevelent at the time of lord Ariştanemi and lord PārŚwa too. That the Angas were composed for the use of less intelligent people has been told before. That the intelligence quotient of all the Munis at the time of lord PārŚwa was equal is incredible. The intelligence quotients have always differed in each and every age. Considering from the psychological and practical view, we reach the conclusion that the necessity of the Angas prevailed in the order of lord PārŚwa too. To support this view that at the time of lord PārŚwa only the Purwas and not the Angas existed, no evidence is, therefore, found. By common sense this fact is estabilished that the Pūrwas and the Angas were renovated according to the purport, language, style and necessity of the age in the order of lord Mahāvīra. Fancy has, perhaps, played a main role to support the view that the Pūrwas were received traditionally from lord Pārswa and the Angas were composed in the tradition of Lord Mahävīra. 3. Anga-Pravişta and Anga-Vāhya
It is heard by all that the gañadharas Gautama etc., composed the Pūrwas and the Angas at the time of lord Mahāvīra. A simple question
1. See the beginning of the preface.
ITttaradhyavana 2317
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