$JES 911 Essence of World Religions Reference Book

Author(s): Pravin K Shah
Publisher: JAINA Education Committee

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Essence of World Religions
Shintoism
Founded
Shinto is the indigenous religious tradition of Japan. Its roots lie deep in the prehistoric religious practices of the Japanese people. However, some believe that Shinto began around 2,500 - 3,000 years ago in Japan.
Founder
Shinto has no historical founder; however each of the 13 ancient sects believes it has its own founder.
Major Scriptures
Shinto does not have any canon of sacred scriptures, although important elements of its mythology and cosmology are found in Kojiki (Records of the Ancient) and Nilongi or Nikonshoki (ancient Japanese chronicles). The ritual hymns and prayers called Norito were compiled into written collections (Yengishki) at an early date.
Sects
There are two main divisions. One encompasses all thirteen ancient sects, which are very similar. The second is known as State Shinto. The State Shinto finds its highest expression in the worship of the Emperor and loyalty to the State and family.
Adherents
All Japanese participate in Shinto rites and many of them are also Buddhists. Hence, adherents are not a useful category for this religion. It is estimated that 30 million Japanese perform Shinto rites.
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