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In the six realms, some living beings attain first right knowledge due to **jati-smarana** (recollection of past lives), some due to **shravana** (hearing the Dharma), and some due to **vedana** (pain). || 8 ||
Thus, in the three upper realms, the hellish beings attain first right knowledge due to the above three causes. || 9 ||
In the four lower realms, how many causes lead the hellish beings with **mithyatva** (false belief) to attain first right knowledge? || 10 ||
They attain first right knowledge due to two causes. || 11 ||
Some attain it due to **jati-smarana** and some due to **vedana**. || 12 ||
Since the gods cannot go to the four lower realms, the hellish beings there attain first right knowledge only due to the remaining two causes, excluding **shravana**.
The **tiryanch** (animals) with **mithyatva** attain first right knowledge. || 13 ||
In what state do the **tiryanch** attain first right knowledge? || 14 ||
They attain it only in the state of **panchendriya** (five senses), not in the state of **ekendriya** (one sense) or **vigalindriya** (disabled senses). || 15 ||
Even among the **panchendriya**, they attain it only in the state of **sanjni** (conscious), not in the state of **asanjni** (unconscious). || 16 ||